The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Handbook of Religion and Health
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Against dysfunctional theories, numerous studies have found that religion improves health, facilitates coping, [42], [43] and improves social belonging [44].”
From Faith after an Earthquake: A Longitudinal Study of Religion and Perceived Health before and after the 2011 Christchurch New Zealand Earthquake (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Other concepts, such as those from Koenig et al. (2001) and Puchalski et al. (2014), also highlight “meaning” as an important aspect of spirituality.”
From Defining spirituality in healthcare: a systematic review and conceptual framework. (2021) · cites this paper as Koenig et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Over the past few decades, numerous studies have reported that religion and spirituality are generally associated with better coping skills and positive health indicators, particularly with respect to mental health.1,2”
From A preliminary survey on the religious profile of Brazilian psychiatrists and their approach to patients' religiosity in clinical practice (2016) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Religion/spirituality has been associated, for example, with lower rates of suicide, depression, anxiety, and substance misuse, better recovery in cases of depression and greater overall well-being.1–4”
From A preliminary survey on the religious profile of Brazilian psychiatrists and their approach to patients' religiosity in clinical practice (2016) · cites this paper as [1]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,005
Advancing our understanding of religion and spirituality in the context of behavioral medicine
Park, C. L., Masters, K. S., Salsman, J. M., Wachholtz, A., Clements, A. D., Salmoirago-Blotcher, E., Trevino, K., & Wischenka, D. M. (2017) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-016-9755-5 · Cited by 119
Murphy, P. E., Canada, A. L., Fitchett, G. A., Stein, K., Portier, K. M., Crammer, C., & Peterman, A. H. (2009) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1559 · Cited by 120
DiLalla, L. F., Hull, S. K., & Dorsey, J. K. (2004) · Teaching and Learning in Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15328015tlm1602_8 · Cited by 118
Ellison, C. G., KRAUSE, N. M., Shepherd, B. C., & Chaves, M. A. (2009) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2009.01426.x · Cited by 119
Cherry, K. E., Sampson, L., Nezat, P. F., Cacamo, A., Marks, L. D., & Galea, S. (2014) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.941325 · Cited by 131
Gall, T. L., Kristjansson, E., Charbonneau, C., & Florack, P. (2008) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9182-3 · Cited by 118
Trends in the Scientific Study of Religion, Spirituality, and Health: 1965–2000
Weaver, A. J., Pargäment, K. I., Flannelly, K. J., & Oppenheimer, J. E. (2006) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-006-9011-3 · Cited by 116
Koszycki, D., Raab, K., Aldosary, F., & Bradwejn, J. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20663 · Cited by 116
Religion as a source of variation in the experience of positive and negative emotions
Kim‐Prieto, C., & Diener, E. (2009) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760903271025 · Cited by 115
Religion, Spirituality, and Acute Care Hospitalization and Long-term Care Use by Older Patients
Koenig, H. G., George, L. K., Titus, P., & Meador, K. G. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.14.1579 · Cited by 115
Self-citationReligious orientation, aging, and blood pressure reactivity to interpersonal and cognitive stressors
Masters, K. S., Hill, R. D., Kircher, J. C., Benson, T. L. L., & Fallon, J. A. (2004) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2803_5 · Cited by 117
Hodge, D. R. (2005) · Social Work · doi:10.1093/sw/50.1.77 · Cited by 115
Religiosity, mood symptoms, and quality of life in bipolar disorder
Stroppa, A., & Moreira‐Almeida, A. (2013) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12069 · Cited by 115
Benjamins, M. R. (2006) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-005-9035-2 · Cited by 114
Religion, religiosity and spirituality in the biopsychosocial model of health and ageing
Cohen, A. B., & Koenig, H. G. (2003) · Ageing International · doi:10.1007/s12126-002-1005-1 · Cited by 113
Self-citationSpirituality and the Care of Patients at the End-of-Life: An Essential Component of Care
Puchalski, C. M. (2007) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.2190/om.56.1.d · Cited by 113
International Handbook of Education for Spirituality, Care and Wellbeing
Souza, M., Scott, D., O'Higgins-Norman, J., et al. (2009) · International handbooks of religion and education · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9018-9 · Cited by 113
Sherkat, D. E. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807961.012 · Cited by 113
Religious Involvement and Health in Dialysis Patients in Saudi Arabia
Zaben, F. A., Khalifa, D. A., Sehlo, M. G., Shohaib, S. A., Binzaqr, S. A., Badreg, A. M., Alsaadi, R. A., & Koenig, H. G. (2014) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-014-9962-8 · Cited by 112
Self-citationMcIntosh, D. N., Poulin, M. J., Silver, R. C., & Holman, E. A. (2011) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9331-y · Cited by 118
Forgiveness, depression, and suicidal behavior among a diverse sample of college students
Hirsch, J. K., Webb, J. R., & Jeglic, E. L. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20812 · Cited by 111
Milner, K., Crawford, P., Edgley, A., Hare-Duke, L., & Slade, M. (2020) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796019000234 · Cited by 112
A Viable Model and Self-Report Measure of Spiritual Intelligence
King, D. B., & DeCicco, T. L. (2009) · International Journal of Transpersonal Studies · doi:10.24972/ijts.2010.28.1.68 · Cited by 112
Yong, J., Kim, J., Park, J., Seo, I., & Swinton, J. (2010) · The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing · doi:10.3928/00220124-20101201-04 · Cited by 109
God-Mediated Control and Change in Self-Rated Health
Krause, N. (2010) · International Journal for the Psychology of Religion · doi:10.1080/10508619.2010.507695 · Cited by 110
Watkins, Y. J., Quinn, L. T., Ruggiero, L., Quinn, M. T., & Choi, Y.-K. (2013) · The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care · doi:10.1177/0145721713475843 · Cited by 110
Egbert, N., Mickley, J. R., & Coeling, H. (2004) · Health Communication · doi:10.1207/s15327027hc1601_2 · Cited by 110
Mantram repetition for stress management in veterans and employees: a critical incident study
Bormann, J. E., Oman, D., Kemppainen, J. K., Becker, S., Gershwin, M., & Kelly, A. E. (2006) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03752.x · Cited by 114
How Does Religion Influence Marriage? Christian, Jewish, Mormon, and Muslim Perspectives
Marks, L. D. (2005) · Marriage & Family Review · doi:10.1300/j002v38n01_07 · Cited by 111
Religion as Moderator of the Depression-Health Connection
Wink, P. M., Dillon, M., & Larsen, B. A. (2005) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027504270483 · Cited by 109
Integrating spirituality and psychotherapy: Ethical issues and principles to consider
Plante, T. G. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20383 · Cited by 108
Religiousness and the Trajectory of Self-Rated Health Across Adulthood
McCullough, M. E., & Laurenceau, J.-P. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204271657 · Cited by 107
Self-citationAbdel‐Khalek, A. M. (2011) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2011.624502 · Cited by 112
Canda, E. R., Nakashima, M., & Furman, L. D. (2004) · Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services · doi:10.1606/1044-3894.256 · Cited by 108
Rêgo, F. M. P. D. S., Gonçalves, F., Moutinho, S., Castro, L., & Nunes, R. (2020) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-020-0525-3 · Cited by 107
Abdel‐Khalek, A. M. (2012) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2012.660624 · Cited by 112
Ubuntu Philosophy as a Humanistic–Existential Framework for the Fight Against the COVID-19 Pandemic
Chigangaidze, R. K., Matanga, A. A., & Katsuro, T. R. (2022) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/00221678211044554 · Cited by 106
Larimore, W. L., Parker, M., & Crowther, M. R. (2002) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2401_08 · Cited by 106
Religious Involvement and 6-Year Course of Depressive Symptoms in Older Dutch Citizens:
Braam, A. W., Hein, E., Deeg, D. J. H., Twisk, J. W. R., Beekman, A. T. F., & van Tilburg, W. (2004) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264304265765 · Cited by 106
Decision making on organ donation: the dilemmas of relatives of potential brain dead donors
de Groot, J., van Hoek, M., Hoedemaekers, C., Hoitsma, A. J., Smeets, W., Vernooij-Dassen, M. J. F. J., & van Leeuwen, E. (2015) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-015-0057-1 · Cited by 105
Spirituality and Religion among HIV-Infected Individuals
Szaflarski, M. (2013) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-013-0175-7 · Cited by 105
Assessment of Intrinsic Religiosity with a Single-Item Measure in a Sample of Arab Muslims
Abdel‐Khalek, A. M. (2007) · Journal of Muslim Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15564900701614874 · Cited by 105
Religious Involvement, Beliefs About God, and the Sense of Mattering Among Older Adults
Schieman, S., Bierman, A., & Ellison, C. G. (2010) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01526.x · Cited by 105
Bayighomog, S. W., & Araslı, H. (2019) · Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2019.1570153 · Cited by 123
Measuring spiritual belief: development and standardization of a Beliefs and Values Scale
King, M., Jones, L., Barnes, K. A., Low, J., Walker, C., Wilkinson, S., Mason, C., Sutherland, J., & Tookman, A. J. (2005) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170500629x · Cited by 106
A religiosidade, a espiritualidade e o consumo de drogas
Sanchez, Z. M., & Nappo, S. A. (2007) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832007000700010 · Cited by 111
Spirituality, Religiosity, Shame and Guilt as Predictors of Sexual Attitudes and Experiences
Murray, K., Ciarrocchi, J. W., & Murray‐Swank, N. A. (2007) · Journal of Psychology and Theology · doi:10.1177/009164710703500305 · Cited by 105
Depression and its associated factors among elderly: A community-based study in Egypt
El‐Gilany, A., Elkhawaga, G. O., & Sarraf, B. (2018) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2018.04.011 · Cited by 102
Religiosity, Spirituality and Work: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Directions
Obregon, S. L., Lopes, L. F. D., Kaczam, F., da Veiga, C. P., & da Silva, W. V. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-021-04856-7 · Cited by 136
Religious Coping among Caregivers of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients
Pearce, M., Singer, J. L., & Prigerson, H. G. (2006) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105306066629 · Cited by 104
Belief in Life After Death and Mental Health
Flannelly, K. J., Koenig, H. G., Ellison, C. G., Galek, K., & KRAUSE, N. M. (2006) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000224876.63035.23 · Cited by 107
Self-citationReligious coping among jews: development and initial validation of the JCOPE
Rosmarin, D. H., Pargäment, K. I., Krumrei-Mancuso, E. J., & Flannelly, K. J. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20574 · Cited by 103
Dollahite, D. C., Marks, L. D., & Dalton, H. (2018) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12242 · Cited by 107
The Role of Religious Leaders in Promoting Healthy Habits in Religious Institutions
Anshel, M. H., & Smith, M. M. (2013) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-013-9702-5 · Cited by 103
Fingelkurts, A. A., & Fingelkurts, A. A. (2009) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-009-0261-3 · Cited by 104
Johnstone, B., Yoon, D. P., Cohen, D., Schopp, L. H., McCormack, G. L., Campbell, J., & Smith, M. L. (2012) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-012-9615-8 · Cited by 122
Sun, F., Park, N. S., Roff, L. L., Klemmack, D. L., Parker, M., Koenig, H. G., Sawyer, P., & Allman, R. M. (2011) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.602959 · Cited by 101
Self-citationIs youth spiritual development a universal developmental process? An international exploration
Benson, P., Scales, P. C., Syvertsen, A. K., & Roehlkepartain, E. C. (2012) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.732102 · Cited by 102
Religion and Bio-Psycho- Social Health: A Review and Conceptual Model
Marks, L. D. (2005) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-005-2775-z · Cited by 102
The Role of Religion for Hospice Patients and Relatively Healthy Older Adults
Ardelt, M., & Koenig, C. S. (2006) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027505284165 · Cited by 101
Agorastos, A., Huber, C. G., & Demiralay, C. (2014) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s43666 · Cited by 101
Bailly, N., & Roussiau, N. (2010) · Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement · doi:10.1017/s0714980810000152 · Cited by 100
The Evolution of Spirituality, Religion and Health Publications: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
Demir, E. (2018) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-018-00739-w · Cited by 108
Religiosity, Sense of Meaning, and Health Behavior in Older Adults
Homan, K. J., & Boyatzis, C. J. (2010) · International Journal for the Psychology of Religion · doi:10.1080/10508619.2010.481225 · Cited by 100
Abdel‐Khalek, A. M., & Eid, G. K. (2011) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674670903540951 · Cited by 105
A Cross-National Test of the Uncertainty Hypothesis of Religious Belief
Barber, N. (2011) · Cross-Cultural Research · doi:10.1177/1069397111402465 · Cited by 96
Benjamins, M. R., Ellison, C. G., KRAUSE, N. M., & Marcum, J. P. (2011) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9318-8 · Cited by 100
Religious attendance as a predictor of survival in the EPESE cohorts
Bagiella, E., Hong, V., & Sloan, R. P. (2005) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyh396 · Cited by 99
Religiosity, Anxiety, and Depression among a Sample of Iranian Medical Students
Vasegh, S., & Mohammadi, M.-R. (2007) · The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine · doi:10.2190/j3v5-l316-0u13-7000 · Cited by 103
The interface between psychology and spirituality in palliative care
Rêgo, F. M. P. D. S., & Nunes, R. (2016) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105316664138 · Cited by 100
Religious Involvement and the Use of Mental Health Care
Harris, K. M., Edlund, M. J., & Larson, S. L. (2006) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00500.x · Cited by 99
Kinney, A. Y., Emery, G., Dudley, W. N., & Croyle, R. T. (2002) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/02.onf.835-843 · Cited by 98
Jarvis, G. E., Kirmayer, L. J., Weinfeld, M., et al. (2005) · Transcultural Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1363461505058921 · Cited by 98
Harris, S. K., Sherritt, L., Holder, D. W., Kulig, J. W., Shrier, L. A., & Knight, J. R. (2007) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-007-9154-x · Cited by 97
Monod, S., Rochat, E., Büla, C., Jobin, G., Martin, E., & Spencer, B. (2010) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-10-88 · Cited by 98
Religiosity, subjective well-being, and neuroticism
Abdel‐Khalek, A. M. (2009) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674670903154167 · Cited by 100
Peres, M. F. P., Kamei, H., Tobo, P. R., & Lucchetti, G. (2017) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-017-0400-6 · Cited by 103
A Meta-Analysis of Religion/Spirituality and Life Satisfaction
Yaden, D. B., Batz-Barbarich, C. L., Ng, V., Vaziri, H., Gladstone, J. N., Pawelski, J. O., & Tay, L. (2022) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-022-00558-7 · Cited by 127
Spirituality and Medicine: Curricula in Medical Education
Puchalski, C. M. (2006) · Journal of Cancer Education · doi:10.1207/s15430154jce2101_6 · Cited by 97
Does spirituality as a coping mechanism help or hinder coping with chronic pain?
Wachholtz, A. B., & Pearce, M. J. (2009) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0022-0 · Cited by 95
Gaston‐Johansson, F., Haisfield‐Wolfe, M. E., Reddick, B., Goldstein, N. S., & Lawal, T. A. (2013) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/13.onf.120-131 · Cited by 97
Johnstone, B., Glass, B. A., & Oliver, R. E. (2007) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638280600955693 · Cited by 97
Lee, E. O. (2007) · Journal of Religion Spirituality & Aging · doi:10.1300/j496v19n03_06 · Cited by 96
Ai, A. L., Wink, P., Tice, T. N., Bolling, S. F., & Shearer, M. (2009) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-009-9228-1 · Cited by 95
Religious involvement and depressive symptoms among Mexican‐origin adults in California
Ellison, C. G., Finch, B. K., Ryan, D. N., & Salinas, J. J. (2009) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.20287 · Cited by 95
A Systematic Review of Studies Using the Brief COPE: Religious Coping in Factor Analyses
Krägeloh, C. U. (2011) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel2030216 · Cited by 104
Negotiating Religious Differences: The Strategies of Interfaith Chaplains in Healthcare
Cadge, W., & Sigalow, E. (2013) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/jssr.12008 · Cited by 95
Church and Spirituality in the Lives of the African American Community
Giger, J. N., Appel, S. J., Davidhizar, R., & Davis, C. M. (2008) · Journal of Transcultural Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043659608322502 · Cited by 95
Religion, Forgiveness, Hostility and Health: A Structural Equation Analysis
Lutjen, L. J., Silton, N. R., & Flannelly, K. J. (2011) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-011-9511-7 · Cited by 94
Kim‐Spoon, J., Longo, G. S., & McCullough, M. E. (2012) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-012-9796-1 · Cited by 96
Self-citationSubjective Religiosity and Depression in the Transition to Adulthood
Eliassen, A. H., Taylor, J. D., & Lloyd, D. A. (2005) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2005.00275.x · Cited by 95
Exploring Religion-Health Mediators among African American Parishioners
Holt, C. L., Lewellyn, L. A., & Rathweg, M. J. (2005) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105305053416 · Cited by 94
Country Religiosity Declines as Material Security Increases
Barber, N. (2012) · Cross-Cultural Research · doi:10.1177/1069397112463328 · Cited by 93
Colgrove, L. A. A., Kim, Y., & Thompson, N. J. (2007) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15324796abm3301_10 · Cited by 93
Depressive Symptoms Among African American and White Older Adults
Jang, Y., Borenstein, A. R., Chiriboga, D. A., & Mortimer, J. A. (2005) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/60.6.p313 · Cited by 93
Extending Religion-Health Research to Secular Minorities: Issues and Concerns
Hwang, K., Hammer, J. H., & Cragun, R. T. (2011) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-009-9296-0 · Cited by 92
Spirituality in Medical Education: Global Reality?
Lucchetti, G., Lucchetti, A., & Puchalski, C. (2012) · Journal of religion and health · doi:10.1007/s10943-011-9557-6 · Cited by 96
Spiritual well-being and mental health in university students
Jafari, E., Dehshiri, G., Eskandari, H., Najafi, M., Heshmati, R., & Hoseinifar, J. (2010) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.311 · Cited by 94
Does Religiosity Affect Health Risk Behaviors in Pregnant and Postpartum Women?
Page, R. L., Ellison, C. G., & Lee, J. (2008) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-008-0394-5 · Cited by 93
Religion, Social Capital, and Health
Yeary, K. H. K., Ounpraseuth, S., Moore, P. C., Bursac, Z., & Greene, P. G. (2012) · Review of Religious Research · doi:10.1007/s13644-011-0048-8 · Cited by 96
Metadata
- Authors
- Koenig, H., McCullough, M., & Larson, D.
- Venue
- Oxford University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 2001-01-11
- OpenAlex
- W4297688511
- Cited by
- 2,581
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 137 · 2019: 97 · 2018: 132 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 99 · 2015: 95 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 147 · 2012: 158
- FWCI
- 59.60
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oxford University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Religion and Society Interactions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
- Keywords
- religion and health, religion and medicine, spirituality, health psychology, religious coping
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review