Exercise and cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension
Open accessAbstract
Evidence for the benefits of regular exercise is irrefutable and increasing physical activity levels should be a major goal at all levels of health care. People with hypertension are less physically active than those without hypertension and there is strong evidence supporting the blood pressure-lowering ability of regular exercise, especially in hypertensive individuals. This narrative review discusses evidence relating to exercise and cardiovascular (CV) risk in people with hypertension. Comparisons between aerobic, dynamic resistance, and static resistance exercise have been made along with the merit of different exercise volumes. High-intensity interval training and isometric resistance training appear to have strong CV protective effects, but with limited data in hypertensive people, more work is needed in this area. Screening recommendations, exercise prescriptions, and special considerations are provided as a guide to decrease CV risk among hypertensive people who exercise or wish to begin. It is recommended that hypertensive individuals should aim to perform moderate intensity aerobic exercise activity for at least 30 minutes on most (preferably all) days of the week in addition to resistance exercises on 2-3 days/week. Professionals with expertise in exercise prescription may provide additional benefit to patients with high CV risk or in whom more intense exercise training is planned. Despite lay and media perceptions, CV events associated with exercise are rare and the benefits of regular exercise far outweigh the risks. In summary, current evidence supports the assertion of exercise being a cornerstone therapy in reducing CV risk and in the prevention, treatment, and control of hypertension.
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Interval Training Intensity Affects Energy Intake Compensation in Obese Men
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Comparing Physical Activity Patterns of Hypertensive and Nonhypertensive US Adults
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Aerobic exercise training fails to reduce blood pressure in nondipper-type hypertension
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Leal, L. G., Lopes, M. A., & Batista, M. L. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01307 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy or “Athlete’s Heart”?
Minopoli, T. C., Kanthagnani, K., Olivotto, I., Sharma, R., Papadakis, M., Sharma, S., & Finocchiaro, G. (2025) · JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2025.08.026 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sharman, J. E., La Gerche, A., & Coombes, J. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Tasmania (AU)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Venue
- American Journal of Hypertension
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-10-10
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-158
- ISSN
- 0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-7225
- OpenAlex
- W2146955069
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- hypertension, physical activity, cardiovascular risk, aerobic exercise, resistance training, high-intensity interval training, isometric resistance training, exercise prescription, blood pressure reduction, exercise safety
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Hypertension, Exercise, Risk Reduction Behavior, Resistance Training
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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