Is consciousness fragile?

An information integration theory of consciousness

Tononi, G. (2004) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-5-42 · Cited by 1,757 · cited 1× · see citing works

Willful Modulation of Brain Activity in Disorders of Consciousness

Monti, M. M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Coleman, M. R., Boly, M., Pickard, J. D., Tshibanda, L., Owen, A. M., & Laureys, S. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0905370 · Cited by 1,469 · see citing works

A theoretically based index of consciousness independent of sensory processing and behavior

Casali, A. G., Gosseries, O., Rosanova, M., Boly, M., Sarasso, S., Casali, K. R., Casarotto, S., Bruno, M.-A., Laureys, S., Tononi, G., et al. (2013) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3006294 · Cited by 1,246 · see citing works

Consciousness and Anesthesia

Alkire, M. T., Hudetz, A. G., & Tononi, G. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1149213 · Cited by 1,245 · see citing works

Breakdown in cortical effective connectivity during midazolam-induced loss of consciousness

Ferrarelli, F., Massimini, M., Sarasso, S., Casali, A., Riedner, B. A., Angelini, G., Tononi, G., & Pearce, R. A. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0913008107 · Cited by 554 · see citing works

Preserved Feedforward But Impaired Top-Down Processes in the Vegetative State

Boly, M., Garrido, M. I., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M., Boveroux, P., Caroline Schnakers, A., Massimini, M., Vladimir Litvak, A., Laureys, S., & Friston, K. J. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1202043 · Cited by 499 · see citing works

Unresponsiveness ≠ unconsciousness

Sanders, R. D., Tononi, G., Laureys, S., Sleigh, J. W., & Warner, D. S. (2012) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e318249d0a7 · Cited by 474 · see citing works

Dissociating speech perception and comprehension at reduced levels of awareness

Davis, M. H., Coleman, M. R., Absalom, A. R., Rodd, J. M., Johnsrude, I. S., MATTA, B. F., Owen, A. M., & Menon, D. K. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0701309104 · Cited by 260 · see citing works

Response of bispectral index to neuromuscular block in awake volunteers

Schuller, P. J., Newell, S., Strickland, P. A., & Barry, J. J. (2015) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aev072 · Cited by 258 · see citing works

Assessing sleep consciousness within subjects using a serial awakening paradigm

Siclari, F., LaRocque, J. J., Postle, B. R., & Tononi, G. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00542 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Reversible analgesia, atonia, and loss of consciousness on bilateral intracerebral microinjection of pentobarbital

Devor, M. G., & Zalkind, V. I. (2001) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(01)00345-1 · Cited by 176 · see citing works

Hypothesis for the pathophysiology of delirium: Role of baseline brain network connectivity and changes in inhibitory tone

Sanders, R. D. (2011) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.03.048 · Cited by 146 · see citing works

Dreaming and Electroencephalographic Changes during Anesthesia Maintained with Propofol or Desflurane

Leslie, K., SLEIGH, J. W., Paech, M. J., Voss, L. J., Lim, C. W., & Sleigh, C. (2009) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e3181adf768 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Explicit Intraoperative Recall at a Bispectral Index of 47

Mychaskiw, G., Horowitz, M., Sachdev, V., & Heath, B. J. (2001) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1097/00000539-200104000-00003 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Modeling Resting-State Functional Networks When the Cortex Falls Asleep: Local and Global Changes

Deco, G., Hagmann, P., Hudetz, A. G., & Tononi, G. (2013) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bht176 · Cited by 88 · see citing works

Information integration: its relevance to brain function and consciousness.

Tononi, G. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 84 · see citing works

Incidence of and risk factors for awareness during anaesthesia

Ghoneim, M. M. (2007) · Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2007.05.002 · Cited by 65 · see citing works

Clinical use of ictal SPECT in secondarily generalized tonic–clonic seizures

Varghese, G. I., Purcaro, M. J., Motelow, J. E., Enev, M., McNally, K. A., Levin, A. R., Hirsch, L. J., Tikofsky, R. S., Paige, A. L., Zubal, I. G., et al. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp027 · Cited by 65 · see citing works

Consciousness lost and found: Subjective experiences in an unresponsive state

Noreika, V., Jylhänkangas, L., Móró, L., Valli, K., Kaskinoro, K., Aantaa, R., Scheinin, H., & Revonsuo, A. (2011) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.09.002 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Toward a theory of the general-anesthetic-induced phase transition of the cerebral cortex. II. Numerical simulations, spectral entropy, and correlation times

Steyn‐Ross, D. A., Steyn‐Ross, M. L., Wilcocks, L. C., & SLEIGH, J. W. (2001) · Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics · doi:10.1103/physreve.64.011918 · Cited by 60 · see citing works

Can anaesthetists be taught to interpret the effects of general anaesthesia on the electroencephalogram? Comparison of performance with the BIS and spectral entropy

Barnard, J. P. M., Bennett, C., Voss, L. J., & SLEIGH, J. W. (2007) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aem198 · Cited by 56 · see citing works

How Electroencephalography Serves the Anesthesiologist

Marchant, N., Sanders, R. D., SLEIGH, J. W., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M., Brichant, J. F., Laureys, S., & Bonhomme, V. L. (2014) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1550059413509801 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

Anaesthesia defined (Gentlemen, this is no humbug)

Eger, E. I., & Sonner, J. M. (2006) · Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2005.07.011 · Cited by 53 · see citing works

Awareness during emergence from anaesthesia: significance of neuromuscular monitoring in patients with butyrylcholinesterase deficiency

Thomsen, J. L., Nielsen, C., Eskildsen, K. Z., Demant, M. N., & Gätke, M. R. (2015) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aev096 · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Consciousness and responsiveness

Boly, M., Sanders, R. D., Mashour, G. A., & Laureys, S. (2013) · Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aco.0b013e3283628b5d · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Bispectral index monitoring during electroconvulsive therapy under propofol anaesthesia

Gunawardane, P., Murphy, P. A., & SLEIGH, J. W. (2002) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/88.2.184 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Testing for minimal consciousness in complex partial and generalized tonic–clonic seizures

McPherson, A., Rojas, L., Bauerschmidt, A., Ezeani, C. C., Li, Y., Motelow, J. E., Farooque, P., Detyniecki, K., Giacino, J. T., & Blumenfeld, H. (2012) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03657.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Neural Network Modeling of EEG Patterns in Encephalopathy

Ponten, S. C., Tewarie, P. K. B., Slooter, A. J. C., Stam, C. J., & van Dellen, E. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1097/wnp.0b013e3182a73e16 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

The neural correlates of dreamingPreprint

Siclari, F., Baird, B., Perogamvros, L., et al. (2014) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/012443 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Awareness and anaesthesia: think dose, think data

Nickalls, R. W. D., & Mahajan, R. (2009) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aep360 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis

Mashour, G. A., Roelfsema, P., Changeux, J.-P., & Dehaene, S. (2020) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.026 · Cited by 1,164 · see citing works

Stratification of unresponsive patients by an independently validated index of brain complexity

Casarotto, S., Comanducci, A., Rosanova, M., Sarasso, S., Fecchio, M., Napolitani, M., Pigorini, A., G. Casali, A., Trimarchi, P. D., Boly, M., et al. (2016) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24779 · Cited by 487 · see citing works

Network Properties in Transitions of Consciousness during Propofol-induced Sedation

Lee, M., Sanders, R. D., Yeom, S.-K., Won, D.-O., Seo, K., Kim, H. J., Tononi, G., & Lee, S. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15082-5 · Cited by 128 · see citing works

Incidence of Connected Consciousness after Tracheal Intubation

Sanders, R. D., Gaskell, A. L., Raz, A., Winders, J., Kowark, A., Rossaint, R., Boncyk, C. S., Defresne, A., Tran, G., Tasbihgou, S. R., et al. (2016) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000001479 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Do Nicotinic Receptors Modulate High-Order Cognitive Processing?

Koukouli, F., & Changeux, J. (2020) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.06.001 · Cited by 61 · see citing works

Propofol-induced unresponsiveness is associated with impaired feedforward connectivity in cortical hierarchy

Sanders, R. D., Banks, M. I., Darracq, M., Moran, R., SLEIGH, J. W., Gosseries, O., Bonhomme, V. L., Brichant, J. F., Rosanova, M., Raz, A., et al. (2018) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2018.07.006 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

What do people expect of general anaesthesia?

Rowley, P. A., Boncyk, C. S., Gaskell, A. L., Absalom, A. R., Bonhomme, V. L., Coburn, M., Raz, A., SLEIGH, J. W., & Sanders, R. D. (2017) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aex040 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Measuring states of pathological (un)consciousness: research dimensions, clinical applications, and ethics†

Athena Demertzi, A., Sitt, J. D., Sarasso, S., & Pinxten, W. (2017) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/nix010 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

The influence of induction speed on the frontal (processed) EEG

Obert, D. P., Sepúlveda, P., Kratzer, S., Schneider, G. H., & Kreuzer, M. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76323-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Is consciousness frontal? Two perioperative case reports that challenge that concept

Sanders, R. D., Mostert, N., Lindroth, H. L., Tononi, G., & SLEIGH, J. W. (2018) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2018.01.010 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Consciousness and General Anesthesia: Challenges for Measuring the Depth of Anesthesia

Jiang, Y., & SLEIGH, J. W. (2024) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000004830 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

The Challenge of Accidental Awareness During General Anesthesia

Cascella, M. (2019) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9891-3_1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Highways of the brain, traffic of the mind

Mashour, G. A. (2018) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000002385 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Monitoring consciousness under anaesthesia: the 21st century isolated forearm technique

Russell, I. F., & Sanders, R. D. (2016) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aew112 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Using Positron Emission Tomography in Revealing the Mystery of General Anesthesia: Study Design Challenges and Opportunities

Scheinin, H., Alkire, E. C., Scheinin, A., Alkire, M. T., Kantonen, O., & Långsjö, J. (2018) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/bs.mie.2018.01.025 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The Potential of nTMS/EEG: Measuring Consciousness

Casarotto, S., Comanducci, A., Sarasso, S., Fecchio, M., Rosanova, M., & Massimini, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54918-7_15 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Intravenous Hypnotic Agents: From Binding Sites to Loss of Consciousness

Baldassarre, D., Oliva, F., & Piazza, O. (2019) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9891-3_7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Correlational studies of unconsciousness under anaesthesia: how far can preclinical studies take us?

Banks, M. I., Murphy, C. A., & Sanders, R. D. (2017) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aex391 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

The Entwined Mysteries of Anesthesia and Consciousness: Is There a Common Underlying Mechanism?

Hameroff, S. R. (2006) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-200608000-00024 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Anaesthesia, awareness and consciousness

Samra, A. A. (2009) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.26220.87685

Unresponsiveness ≠ unconsciousness

Sanders, R. D., Tononi, G., Laureys, S., Sleigh, J. W., & Warner, D. S. (2012) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e318249d0a7 · Cited by 474 · see citing works

Disconnecting consciousness

Campos, L. W., Pichurko, A. B., & Mashour, G. A. (2010) · Advances in consciousness research · doi:10.1075/aicr.79.10cam

Consciousness and anesthesia

Kataria, H. B., Thero, V. S., & Suman, A. (2020)