The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Complex visual hallucinations. Clinical and neurobiological insights
Abstract
Complex visual hallucinations may affect some normal individuals on going to sleep and are also seen in pathological states, often in association with a sleep disturbance. The content of these hallucinations is striking and relatively stereotyped, often involving animals and human figures in bright colours and dramatic settings. Conditions causing these hallucinations include narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome, peduncular hallucinosis, treated idiopathic Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia without treatment, migraine coma, Charles Bonnet syndrome (visual hallucinations of the blind), schizophrenia, hallucinogen-induced states and epilepsy. We describe cases of hallucinosis due to several of these causes and expand on previous hypotheses to suggest three mechanisms underlying complex visual hallucinations. (i) Epileptic hallucinations are probably due to a direct irritative process acting on cortical centres integrating complex visual information. (ii) Visual pathway lesions cause defective visual input and may result in hallucinations from defective visual processing or an abnormal cortical release phenomenon. (iii) Brainstem lesions appear to affect ascending cholinergic and serotonergic pathways, and may also be implicated in Parkinson's disease. These brainstem abnormalities are often associated with disturbances of sleep. We discuss how these lesions, outside the primary visual system, may cause defective modulation of thalamocortical relationships leading to a release phenomenon. We suggest that perturbation of a distributed matrix may explain the production of similar, complex mental phenomena by relatively blunt insults at disparate sites.
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Cites
Bodis-Wollner, I. (1990) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(90)90113-o · Cited by 296
Cited by
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Serotonin 2A Receptors and Visual Hallucinations in Parkinson Disease
Ballanger, B., Strafella, A. P., van Eimeren, T., Zurowski, M., Rusjan, P. M., Houle, S., & Fox, S. H. (2010) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.35 · Cited by 266
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Fernández, E., Pelayo, F., Romero, S., Bongard, M., Marin, C., Alfaro, A., & Merabet, L. (2005) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/2/4/r01 · Cited by 105
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The Neuroscience of Sleep and Dreams
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Metadata
- Authors
- Manford, M.
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1998-10-01
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1819-1840
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- OpenAlex
- W1978751446
- Cited by
- 680
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 5.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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