Epidemiology of blastomycosis in a region of high endemicity in north central Wisconsin
Abstract
The clinical and epidemiologic features of 73 patients with laboratory-confirmed blastomycosis who were identified over an 11-year period in North Central Wisconsin are presented. Pulmonary disease was the sole manifestation in 77% of patients. More than one-half of all patients had symptoms that included fever, cough, weight loss, night sweats, and pleuritic chest pain. Virtually all were previously healthy, and most did not have an outdoor occupation. However, 82% of these patients lived or had visited within 500 m of rivers or associated waterways. The majority experienced the onset of symptoms between December and April. The estimated mean annual incidence rate of infection for Vilas County was 40.4 cases per 100,000 persons, and that for the largest city in the county was 101.3 cases per 100,000 persons. Several areas with an exceptionally high incidence of the infection were observed. We suggest that, in regions where blastomycosis is hyperendemic, clinical disease is most often pulmonary and occurs in immunocompetent individuals and that residence near an ecological focus may be a greater risk factor for acquisition of blastomycosis than is occupation.
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Endemicity is most pronounced in the hyperendemic regions of north central Wisconsin where disease incidence can exceed 100 cases per 100,000 inhabitants.
“Endemicity is most pronounced in the hyperendemic regions of north central Wisconsin where the disease incidence can exceed 100 cases per 100,000 inhabitants [175].”
From Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections? (2023) · cites this paper as [175]
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The in vitro isolation of Blastomyces dermatitidis from a woodpile in north central Wisconsin, USA
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Self-citationGenetic diversity and transcriptional analysis of the bys1 gene from Blastomyces dermatitidis
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Verrucous Lesions and Ectropion in an Immunocompetent Individual
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Blastomyces dermatitidis of the Perianal Skin: Report of a Case
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Cervical Blastomycosis Masquerading as a Thyroid Mass
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Love in the time of climate change: A review of sexual reproduction in the order Onygenales
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Geodemographic Features of Human Blastomycosis in Eastern Wisconsin
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Northern Wisconsin married couple infected with blastomycosis.
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Clinical Presentation of Blastomycosis is Associated With Infecting Species, Not Host Genotype
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Severe Oculofacial Sequelae of Cutaneous Blastomyces dermatitidis
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Blastomycotic Multifocal Arthritis and Osteomyelitis in the Urban Setting
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A New England Logger With a Diffuse Pneumonia
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- Authors
- Baumgardner, D. J., Buggy, B. P., Mattson, B. J., Burdick, J. S., & Ludwig, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baumgardner, D. J.
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1992-10-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 629-635
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W2016271968
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ulster University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Microbiology › Actinomycetales infections and treatment
- Keywords
- blastomycosis, epidemiology, pulmonary blastomycosis, hyperendemicity, incidence, risk factors, river proximity, seasonal onset, immunocompetent patient, Vilas County, Wisconsin, clinical features
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blastomycosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Male, Middle Aged, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Wisconsin, Incidence
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