New-onset incontinence and markers of frailty: Data from the Hispanic Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly

Miles, T. P.; Palmer, R. F.; Espino, D. V.; Mouton, C. P.; Lichtenstein, M. J.; Markides, K. S.

doi:10.1093/gerona/56.1.m19

Cited by 68Frailty in Older AdultsUrinary Bladder and Prostate ResearchPelvic floor disorders treatments

New-onset incontinence and markers of frailty: Data from the Hispanic Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly

Miles, T. P., Palmer, R. F., Espino, D. V., Mouton, C. P., Lichtenstein, M. J., Markides, K. S.·2001·The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences

DOI 10.1093/gerona/56.1.m19

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence in older adults has many distinct etiologies and is associated with lower self-reported health. However, it is unclear whether the new onset of urinary incontinence marks newly emergent frailty. METHODS: Using a longitudinal population-based survey of older Mexican Americans (N = 2660) across five south-western states, this study compared the strength of association between markers of physical frailty such as activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and performance (timed walk, timed chair rise, and tandem balance) with baseline incontinence (prevalent disease) and new-onset incontinence (incident disease). RESULTS: We found that 14.1% of the participants (n = 329) were incontinent at baseline (prevalent cases) and 11.6% (n = 208) were newly incontinent 2 years later (incident cases). Controlling for other covariates, prevalent incontinence was only associated with a 60% increased risk of having difficulty walking 8 ft. Incident incontinence was associated with a twofold increased risk of impairment in ADLs and IADLs, and poor performance on all three physical measures. CONCLUSIONS: Incident incontinence is associated with an increased risk of more global functional impairment. Thus, incident disease may be an important early marker for signaling the onset of frailty among persons who become incontinent after the age of 65 years.

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In older adults, especially those over 70, a direct UI-disability relationship has been established.
“In the elderly, especially those over age 70, a direct relationship between urinary incontinence and disability has been elucidated.”
From Urinary incontinence and disability in community-dwelling women: A cross-sectional study: Urinary Incontinence and Disability in Ambulatory Women (2015) · cites this paper as [15]
Urgency to reach the toilet can lead to falls and fractures, followed by reduced physical activity, functional decline, and disability.
“Conversely, urgency to reach the toilet can result in increased falls and fractures with subsequent reduced physical activity, functional decline and disability.(4, 15)”
From Urinary incontinence and disability in community-dwelling women: A cross-sectional study: Urinary Incontinence and Disability in Ambulatory Women (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

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Departments of Family and Community Medicine and
Miles, T. P., Palmer, R. F., Espino, D. V., Mouton, C. P., Lichtenstein, M. J., & Markides, K. S. (2016)
Self-citation
Predictors of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence in Prefrail and Frail Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of the FRAGSALUD Project
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127Frailty as a Predictor of New Onset Urinary Incontinence Among Hospitalised Adults
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Impact of frailty and its change on urinary incontinence: A longitudinal analysis from two prospective study of ageing
Gan, X., Meng, L., Cao, S., Bai, H., & Li, X. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0330062 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Frailty Predicts Incident Urinary Incontinence Among Hospitalized Older Adults—A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Chong, E. K. C., Chan, M. Y., Lim, W. S., & Ding, Y. Y. (2018) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.103 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Authors: Miles, T. P., Palmer, R. F., Espino, D. V., Mouton, C. P., Lichtenstein, M. J., & Markides, K. S.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
Corresponding author: Miles, T. P.
ORCID: Miles, T. P.
Mouton, C. P.
Venue: The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2001-01-01
Volume: 56
Issue: 1
Pages: M19-M24
ISSN: 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
1758-535X
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/56.1.m19
OpenAlex: W2126682523
Cited by: 68
References: 26
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 2.19
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (n01ag002102-013, n01ag002103-000)
National Institute on Aging (N01AG2102, 5R01AG 10939-08, N01‐AG‐2103, R01AG010939)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Keywords: urinary incontinence, frailty, older adults, Mexican Americans, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, functional disability, timed walk, physical performance, incident disease
MeSH terms: Aged, Female, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Life Style, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mexico, Urinary Incontinence, Southwestern United States, Biomarkers, Frail Elderly, Mexican Americans, Age of Onset

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New-onset incontinence and markers of frailty: Data from the Hispanic Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly

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