Effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Forest on People With Dementia: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study
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Purpose of the Study: To measure and describe the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Forest (VRF) on engagement, apathy, and mood states of people with dementia, and explore the experiences of staff, people with dementia and their families. Design and Methods: A mixed-methods study conducted between February and May 2016. Ten residents with dementia, 10 family members, and 9 care staff were recruited from 2 residential aged care facilities, operated by one care provider, located in Victoria, Australia. Residents participated in one facilitated VRF session. Residents' mood, apathy, and engagement were measured by the Observed Emotion Rating Scale, Person-Environment Apathy Rating Scale, and Types of Engagement. All participants were interviewed. Results: Overall, the VRF was perceived by residents, family members, and staff to have a positive effect. During the VRF experience, residents experienced more pleasure (p = .008) and a greater level of alertness (p < .001). They also experienced a greater level of fear/anxiety during the forest experience than the comparative normative sample (p = .016). Implications: This initial, small-scale study represents the first to introduce the VRF activity and describe the impact on people with dementia. The VRF was perceived to have a positive effect on people with dementia, although, compared to the normative sample, a greater level of fear/anxiety during the VRF was experienced. This study suggests virtual reality may have the potential to improve quality of life, and the outcomes can be used to inform the development of future Virtual Reality activities for people with dementia.
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Reviewed articles showed that staff play a significant role in supporting VR/AR implementation in care settings.
“Some of the reviewed articles demonstrated the significant role of staff in supporting VR/AR implementation in care settings.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Using Virtual Reality and its Impact on Social Engagement in Aged Care Settings: A Scoping Review (2023) · cites this paper as Moyle et al., 2018
Involving family members in developing content, accompanying older adults during use, and stimulating connections and conversations with family members enhances VR implementation in LTC.
“The involvement of family members in developing content, accompanying older adults during use, and stimulating connections and conversations with family members are means to enhance VR implementation in LTC (Moyle et al., 2018; Webber et al., 2021).”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Using Virtual Reality and its Impact on Social Engagement in Aged Care Settings: A Scoping Review (2023) · cites this paper as Moyle et al., 2018
The Virtual Forest program helped residents relax when the program was conducted in a peaceful environment.
“Moyle et al. (2018) demonstrated that the Virtual Forest program helped residents relax when the program was conducted in a peaceful environment.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Using Virtual Reality and its Impact on Social Engagement in Aged Care Settings: A Scoping Review (2023) · cites this paper as Moyle et al. (2018)
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- Authors
- Moyle, W., Jones, C., Dwan, T., & Petrovich, T.
- Affiliations
- Griffith University (AU)
- Dementia Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Moyle, Wendy
- Venue
- The Gerontologist
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-03-15
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 478-487
- ISSN
- 0016-9013 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-5341
- OpenAlex
- W2604368725
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 11.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- The Gerontologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Alzheimer’s Australia Vic
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Keywords
- virtual reality, dementia, engagement, apathy, mood, nursing homes, care workers, family caregivers, anxiety, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Virtual Reality, Affect, Aged, 80 and over, Dementia, Emotions, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Residential Facilities, Victoria, Apathy, Forests
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