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Cited by 306

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Assisted reproductive technology and major structural birth defects in the United States

Reefhuis, J., Honein, M.A., Schieve, L.A., Correa, A., Hobbs, C.A., Rasmussen, S.A., the National Birth Defects Prevention Study·2009·Human Reproduction

Abstract

BACKGROUND: With >1% of US births occurring following use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), it is critical to examine whether ART is associated with birth defects. METHODS: We analyzed data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a population-based, multicenter, case-control study of birth defects. We included mothers of fetuses or live-born infants with a major birth defect (case infants) and mothers who had live-born infants who did not have a major birth defect (control infants), delivered during the period October 1997-December 2003. We compared mothers who reported ART use (IVF or ICSI) with those who had unassisted conceptions. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for the following confounders: maternal race/ethnicity, maternal age, smoking and parity; we stratified by plurality. RESULTS: ART was reported by 1.1% of all control mothers, and by 4.5% of control mothers 35 years or older. Among singleton births, ART was associated with septal heart defects (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.1-4.0), cleft lip with or without cleft palate (aOR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.1), esophageal atresia (aOR = 4.5, 95% CI 1.9-10.5) and anorectal atresia (aOR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.5-9.1). Among multiple births, ART was not significantly associated with any of the birth defects studied. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that some birth defects occur more often among infants conceived with ART. Although the mechanism is not clear, couples considering ART should be informed of all potential risks and benefits.

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Metadata

Authors
Reefhuis, J., Honein, M. A., Schieve, L. A., Correa, A., Hobbs, C. A., Rasmussen, S. A., & Study, T. N. B. D. P.
Venue
Human Reproduction
Published
2009-02-01
Volume
24
Issue
2
Pages
360-366
ISSN
  • 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2350
OpenAlex
W1985699255
Cited by
306
References
33
FWCI
16.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Assisted reproductive technology and major structural birth defects in the United States. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/humrep/den387
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Reefhuis, J., Honein, M. A., Schieve, L. A., Correa, A., Hobbs, C. A., Rasmussen, S. A., & Study, T. N. B. D. P. (2009). Assisted reproductive technology and major structural birth defects in the United States. Human Reproduction. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/den387

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