A prospective study of body size during childhood and early adulthood and the incidence of endometriosis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: An inverse association between adult body mass index (BMI) and risk of endometriosis has frequently been reported. However, the association between body size during childhood and early adulthood and endometriosis is not as well documented. METHODS: Using data collected from the Nurses' Health Study II, a prospective cohort study of premenopausal US nurses, that began in 1989, we have attempted to clarify this relationship. Data are updated every 2 years with follow-up for these analyses through 2001. In 1989 women recalled their body size at ages 5, 10 and 20 years using a validated 9-level figure drawing. RESULTS: During 831 910 person-years of follow-up, 1817 cases of self-reported laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis were observed among women with no past infertility. After adjusting for age, birthweight, age at menarche, parity, oral contraceptive use and adult BMI, we observed a significant reduction in the incidence of endometriosis with increasing body size for all time periods. The relative risks (RRs) comparing the smallest and largest figure sizes to the middle category during childhood (ages 5-10) were 1.18 (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.36) and 0.82 (0.66-1.02), P-trend = 0.0002. At age 20, the RRs for the same comparisons were 1.32 (1.06-1.65) and 0.87 (0.74-1.03), P-trend = 0.04. Additional adjustment by menstrual cycle length and regularity yielded similar associations. The associations were stronger among nulliparous women than among parous women, although not all differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In this large cohort of premenopausal women, there was evidence of a persistent inverse association between childhood and early adulthood body size and incidence of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis, independent of adult BMI and menstrual cycle characteristics.
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Greater body size is associated with a decreased risk of endometriosis.
“Greater body size and adolescent weight have both been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of endometriosis (66, 70).”
Adolescent weight is associated with a decreased risk of endometriosis.
“Greater body size and adolescent weight have both been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of endometriosis (66, 70).”
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- Authors
- Vitonis, A. F., Baer, H. J., Hankinson, S. E., Laufer, M. R., & Missmer, S. A.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vitonis, A. F.
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-02-19
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1325-1334
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- PMC
- PMC2854045
- OpenAlex
- W2126406703
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 10.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA50385, R01CA050385)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD52473, HD48544, R01HD052473, R03HD048544)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- endometriosis, body size, childhood body size, body mass index, premenopausal women, menstrual characteristics, parity, Nurses' Health Study II
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thinness, United States, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Body Size, Overweight, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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