Cited by 336Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and AccessAdolescent Health and Behaviors

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Changes in millennial adolescent mental health and health-related behaviours over 10 years: a population cohort comparison study

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Patalay, Praveetha, Gage, Suzanne H·2019·International Journal of Epidemiology

DOI 10.1093/ije/dyz006

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that mental health problems are increasing and substance use behaviours are decreasing. This paper aimed to investigate recent trends in mental ill health and health-related behaviours in two cohorts of UK adolescents in 2005 and 2015. METHODS: Prevalences in mental health (depressive symptoms, self-harm, anti-social behaviours, parent-reported difficulties) and health-related behaviours (substance use, weight, weight perception, sleep, sexual intercourse) were examined at age 14 in two UK birth cohorts; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, N = 5627, born 1991-92) and Millennium Cohort Study (MCS, N = 11 318, born 2000-02). Prevalences and trend estimates are presented unadjusted and using propensity score matching and entropy balancing to account for differences between samples. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms (9% to 14.8%) and self-harm (11.8% to 14.4%) were higher in 2015 compared with 2005. Parent-reported emotional difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer problems were higher in 2015 compared with 2005 (5.7-8.9% to 9.7-17.7%). Conversely, substance use (tried smoking, 9.2% to 2.9%; tried alcohol, 52.1% to 43.5%, cannabis, 4.6% to 3.9%), sexual activity (2% to 0.9%) and anti-social behaviours (6.2-40.1% to 1.6-27.7%) were less common or no different. Adolescents in 2015 were spending less time sleeping (<8 h 5.7% to 11.5%), had higher body mass index (BMI) (obese, 3.8% to 7.3%) and a greater proportion perceived themselves as overweight (26.5% to 32.9%). The findings should be interpreted bearing in mind limitations in ability to adequately harmonize certain variables and account for differences in attrition rates and generalizability of the two cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Given health-related behaviours are often cited as risk factors for poor mental health, our findings suggest relationships between these factors might be more complex and dynamic in nature than currently understood. Substantial increases in mental health difficulties, BMI and poor sleep-related behaviours highlight an increasing public health challenge.

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Authors: Patalay, P., & Gage, S. H.
Affiliations: University of Liverpool (GB)
Corresponding author: Patalay, Praveetha
ORCID: Patalay, Praveetha
Gage, Suzanne H
Venue: International Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2019-02-27
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Pages: 1650-1664
ISSN: 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
1464-3685
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz006
OpenAlex: W2951404944
Cited by: 335
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 9
FWCI: 39.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor, 1 d)
Locations: International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders: UK Medical Research Council
Wellcome (102215/2/13/2)
University of Bristol
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Adolescent Health and Behaviors
Keywords: adolescent mental health, depressive symptoms, self-harm, substance use, adolescent sexual activity, sleep duration, body mass index, weight perception, conduct problems, peer problems, antisocial behavior, health behavior, cohort comparison, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, Millennium Cohort Study, temporal trends, adolescent obesity
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Depression, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Risk Factors, Smoking, Cohort Studies, Health Behavior, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Substance-Related Disorders, Overweight

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Changes in millennial adolescent mental health and health-related behaviours over 10 years: a population cohort comparison study

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