Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus efficiently infects human primary T lymphocytes and activates the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways
Open accessAbstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is associated with a mortality rate of >35%. We previously showed that MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) could infect human macrophages and dendritic cells and induce cytokine dysregulation. Here, we further investigated the interplay between human primary T cells and MERS-CoV in disease pathogenesis. Importantly, our results suggested that MERS-CoV efficiently infected T cells from the peripheral blood and from human lymphoid organs, including the spleen and the tonsil. We further demonstrated that MERS-CoV infection induced apoptosis in T cells, which involved the activation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Remarkably, immunostaining of spleen sections from MERS-CoV-infected common marmosets demonstrated the presence of viral nucleoprotein in their CD3(+) T cells. Overall, our results suggested that the unusual capacity of MERS-CoV to infect T cells and induce apoptosis might partly contribute to the high pathogenicity of the virus.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Infection of endothelial cells through infected PBMC has been documented for members of several virus families, including bunya, herpes, filo, flavi, toga, and arena viruses.
“Infection of EC through infected PBMC has been documented for members of several virus families, including bunya, herpes, filo, flavi, toga, and arena viruses (Charrel and de Lamballerie, 2010; Chu et al., 2016; Gowen and Hickerson, 2017; Kunz and de la Torre, 2017; Ma et al., 2013; Mackow and Gavrilovskaya, 2009).”
From Equid Herpesvirus-1 Exploits the Extracellular Matrix of Mononuclear Cells to Ensure Transport to Target Cells (2020) · cites this paper as Chu et al., 2016
The Results section, “MERS-CoV Differentially Infects Subsets of Human PBMCs” (page not supplied), documents infection of human PBMC subsets. It does not document endothelial-cell infection through infected PBMCs or address the virus families listed in the citing sentence; the virus studied is MERS-CoV. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
Siu, K., Yeung, M. L., Kok, K., Yuen, K., Kew, C., Lui, P., Chan, C., Tse, H., Woo, P. C. Y., Yuen, K., et al. (2014) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.03649-13 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationRetractedApoptosis: A Review of Programmed Cell Death
Elmore, S. (2007) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1080/01926230701320337 · Cited by 13,853 · see citing works
Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation.
Gavrieli, Y., Sherman, Y., & Ben-Sasson, S. A. (1992) · The Journal of cell biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.119.3.493 · Cited by 9,444 · see citing works
Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia
Zaki, A. M., van Boheemen, S., Bestebroer, T. M., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., & Fouchier, R. A. M. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1211721 · Cited by 5,677 · see citing works
Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
Drosten, C., Günther, S., Preiser, W., van der Werf, S., Brodt, H.-R., Becker, S., Rabenau, H., Panning, M., Kolesnikova, L., Fouchier, R. A. M., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa030747 · Cited by 4,574 · see citing works
Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome
Peiris, M. J. S., Lai, S., Poon, L. L. M., Guan, Y., Yam, L., Lim, W., Nicholls, J. M., Yee, W., Yan, W., Cheung, M., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13077-2 · Cited by 2,916 · see citing works
Self-citationDipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC
Raj, V. S., Mou, H., Smits, S. L., Dekkers, D. H. W., Müller, M. A., Dijkman, R., Muth, D., Demmers, J. A. A., Zaki, A., Fouchier, R. A. M., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12005 · Cited by 2,061 · see citing works
Assiri, A., Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Al-Rabeeah, A. A., Al-Rabiah, F. A., Al-Hajjar, S., Al-Barrak, A., Flemban, H., Al-Nassir, W. N., Balkhy, H. H., Al-Hakeem, R. F., et al. (2013) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70204-4 · Cited by 1,435 · see citing works
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection
Cheng, V. C. C., Lau, S. K. P., Woo, P. C. Y., & Yuen, K. Y. (2007) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00023-07 · Cited by 1,192 · see citing works
Self-citationCell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection
Doitsh, G., Galloway, N. L. K., Geng, X., Yang, Z., Monroe, K. M., Zepeda, O., Hunt, P. W., Hatano, H., Sowinski, S., Muñoz-Arias, I., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12940 · Cited by 1,181 · see citing works
Slee, E. A., Adrain, C., & Martin, S. J. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m008363200 · Cited by 1,118 · see citing works
Chan, J. F., Lau, S. K. P., To, K. K., Cheng, V. C., Woo, P. C. Y., & Yuen, K. (2015) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00102-14 · Cited by 880 · see citing works
Self-citationInterspecies transmission and emergence of novel viruses: lessons from bats and birds
Chan, J. F., To, K. K., Tse, H., Jin, D., & Yuen, K. (2013) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2013.05.005 · Cited by 616 · see citing works
Self-citationChan, J. F., Yao, Y., Yeung, M. L., Deng, W., Bao, L., Jia, L., Li, F., Xiao, C., Gao, H., Yü, P., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv392 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Self-citationBermingham, A., Chand, M. A., Brown, C. S., Aarons, E., Tong, C. Y. W., Langrish, C., Höschler, K., Brown, K. E., Galiano, M., Myers, R. E., et al. (2012) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/ese.17.40.20290-en · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome
Zhao, J., Li, K., Wohlford-Lenane, C., Agnihothram, S., Fett, C., Zhao, J., Gale, M., Baric, R. S., Enjuanes, L., Gallagher, T., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1323279111 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Zhou, J., Chu, H., Li, C., Wong, B. H., Cheng, Z., Poon, V. K., Sun, T., Lau, C. C.-Y., Wong, K. K. Y., Chan, J. Y. W., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jit504 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Self-citationLau, S. K. P., Lau, C. C. Y., Chan, K., Li, C. P. Y., Chen, H., Jin, D., Chan, J. F., Woo, P. C. Y., & Yuen, K. (2013) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/vir.0.055533-0 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Self-citationBroad-spectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Chan, J. F., Chan, K., Kao, R. Y. T., To, K. K., Zheng, B.-J., Li, C. P. Y., Li, P. T. W., Dai, J., Mok, F. K. Y., Chen, H., et al. (2013) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2013.09.029 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Self-citationde Wilde, A. H., Raj, V. S., Oudshoorn, D., Bestebroer, T. M., van Nieuwkoop, S., Limpens, R. W. A. L., Posthuma, C. C., van der Meer, Y., Bárcena, M., Haagmans, B. L., et al. (2013) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/vir.0.052910-0 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Zhao, J., Zhao, J., & Perlman, S. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01049-10 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
de Wit, E., Rasmussen, A. L., Falzarano, D., Bushmaker, T., Feldmann, F., Brining, D. L., Fischer, E. R., Martellaro, C., Okumura, A., Chang, J., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1310744110 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Alabdallat, M., Payne, D. C., Alqasrawi, S., Rha, B., Tohme, R. A., Abedi, G. R., Nsour, M. A., Iblan, I., Jarour, N., Farag, N. H., et al. (2014) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciu359 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Menachery, V. D., Eisfeld, A. J., Schäfer, A., Josset, L., Sims, A. M., Proll, S. C., Fan, S., Li, C., Neumann, G., Tilton, S. C., et al. (2014) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.01174-14 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Self-citationJosset, L., Menachery, V. D., Gralinski, L. E., Agnihothram, S., Sova, P., Carter, V. S., Yount, B. L., Graham, R. L., Baric, R. S., & Katze, M. G. (2013) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00165-13 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Replication and Shedding of MERS-CoV in Upper Respiratory Tract of Inoculated Dromedary Camels
Adney, D. R., van Doremalen, N., Brown, V. R., Bushmaker, T., Scott, D. P., de Wit, E., Bowen, R. A., & Munster, V. J. (2014) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2012.141280 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Yang, Y., Zhang, L., Geng, H., Deng, Y. L., Huang, B., Yin, G., Zhao, Z., & Tan, W. (2013) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1007/s13238-013-3096-8 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
He, Z., Zhao, C., Dong, Q., Zhuang, H., Song, S., Peng, G., & Dwyer, D. E. (2005) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2004.07.014 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Distinct Immune Response in Two MERS-CoV-Infected Patients: Can We Go from Bench to Bedside?
Faure, E., Poissy, J., Goffard, A., Fournier, C., Kipnis, É., Titécat, M., Bortolotti, P., Martinez, L., Dubucquoi, S., Dessein, R., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088716 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Chan, J. F., Chan, K., Choi, G. K.-Y., To, K. K., Tse, H., Cai, J., Yeung, M. L., Cheng, V. C., Chen, H., Che, X.-Y., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jit123 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Self-citationInfection with MERS-CoV Causes Lethal Pneumonia in the Common Marmoset
Falzarano, D., de Wit, E., Feldmann, F., Rasmussen, A. L., Okumura, A., Peng, X., Thomas, M. J., van Doremalen, N., Haddock, E., Nagy, L., et al. (2014) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004250 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Coassociation of CD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase IV) with CD45 on the surface of human T lymphocytes
Torimoto, Y., Dang, N. H., Vivier, É., Tanaka, T., Schlossman, S. F., & Morimoto, C. (1991) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.147.8.2514 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Müller, M. A., Raj, V. S., Muth, D., Meyer, B., Kallies, S., Smits, S. L., Wollny, R., Bestebroer, T. M., Specht, S., Suliman, T., et al. (2012) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00515-12 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Accessory Protein 4a Is a Type I Interferon Antagonist
Niemeyer, D., Zillinger, T., Muth, D., Zielecki, F., Horvath, G. L., Suliman, T., Barchet, W., Weber, F., Drosten, C., & Müller, M. A. (2013) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01845-13 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Chu, H., Zhou, J., Wong, B. H., Li, C., Cheng, Z., Lin, X., Poon, V. K., Sun, T., Lau, C. C.-Y., Chan, J. F., et al. (2014) · Virology · doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.02.018 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationThe costimulatory activity of the CD26 antigen requires dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzymatic activity.
Tanaka, T., Kameoka, J., Yaron, A., Schlossman, S. F., & Morimoto, C. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.10.4586 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Ishii, T., Ohnuma, K., Murakami, A., Takasawa, N., Kobayashi, S., Dang, N. H., Schlossman, S. F., & Morimoto, C. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.211439098 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Chan, J. F., Li, K. S. M., To, K. K., Cheng, V. C., Chen, H., & Yuen, K. (2012) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2012.10.002 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationYang, X., Chen, X., Bian, G., Tu, J., Xing, Y., Wang, Y., & Chen, Z. (2013) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/vir.0.059014-0 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Zhao, J., Zhao, J., van Rooijen, N., & Perlman, S. M. (2009) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000636 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Che, X.-Y., Qiu, L., Pan, Y.-X., Wen, K., Hao, W., Zhang, L.-Y., Wang, Y.-D., Liao, Z.-Y., Xu, H., Cheng, V. C., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.42.6.2629-2635.2004 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationDetection of SARS Coronavirus in Plasma by Real-Time RT-PCR
Grant, P. R., Garson, J. A., Tedder, R. S., Chan, P. K. S., Tam, J. S., & Sung, J. J. �. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200312183492522 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
An Animal Model of MERS Produced by Infection of Rhesus Macaques With MERS Coronavirus
Yao, Y., Bao, L., Deng, W., Xu, L., Li, F., Lv, Q., Yü, P., Chen, T., Xu, Y., Zhu, H., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jit590 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationEckerle, I., Müller, M. A., Kallies, S., Gotthardt, D. N., & Drosten, C. (2013) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/1743-422x-10-359 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Chan, J. F., Choi, G. K.-Y., Tsang, A. K. L., Tee, K., Lam, H., Yip, C. C., To, K. K., Cheng, V. C., Yeung, M. L., Lau, S. K. P., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01224-15 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationChu, H., Wang, J.-J., Qi, M., Yoon, J.-J., Chen, X., Wen, X., Hammonds, J. E., Ding, L., & Spearman, P. W. (2012) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2012.07.011 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationKinetics and pattern of viral excretion in biological specimens of two MERS-CoV cases
Poissy, J., Goffard, A., Parmentier-Decrucq, E., Favory, R., Kauv, M., Kipnis, É., Mathieu, D., & Guery, B. P. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2014.07.002 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Kapoor, M., Pringle, K. D., Kumar, A., Dearth, S. M., Liu, L., Lovchik, J. C., Perez, O., Pontones, P., Richards, S. M., Yeadon-Fagbohun, J., et al. (2014) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciu635 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Kraaij‐Dirkzwager, M., Timen, A., Dirksen, K., Gelinck, L. B. S., Leyten, E. M. S., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Jansen, C. L., Jonges, M., Raj, V. S., Thurkow, I., et al. (2014) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.21.20817 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Tao, X., Hill, T. E., Morimoto, C., Peters, C. J., Ksiazek, T. G., & Tseng, C.-T. K. (2013) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01562-13 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Yang, X., Yu, Y., Xu, J., Shu, H., Xia, J., Liu, H., Wu, Y., Zhang, L., Yu, Z., Fang, M., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30079-5 · Cited by 10,066 · see citing works
Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019
Chen, G., Wu, D., Guo, W., Cao, Y., Huang, D., Wang, H., Wang, T., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Yu, H., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci137244 · Cited by 4,750 · see citing works
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
Gupta, A., Madhavan, M. V., Sehgal, K., Nair, N., Mahajan, S., Sehrawat, T. S., Bikdeli, B., Ahluwalia, N., Ausiello, J. C., Wan, E. Y., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0968-3 · Cited by 3,185 · see citing works
Channappanavar, R., & Perlman, S. (2017) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-017-0629-x · Cited by 2,524 · see citing works
Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19
Moore, J. B., & June, C. H. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb8925 · Cited by 1,912 · see citing works
Coronaviruses — drug discovery and therapeutic options
Zumla, A. I., Chan, J. F., Azhar, E. I., Hui, D. S. C., & Yuen, K. (2016) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd.2015.37 · Cited by 1,689 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, J., Li, S., Liu, J., Liang, B., Wang, X., Wang, H., Li, W., Tong, Q., Yi, J., Zhao, L., et al. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102763 · Cited by 1,705 · see citing works
Self-citationImmunology of COVID-19: Current State of the Science
Vabret, N., Britton, G. J., Gruber, C., Hegde, S., Kim, J., Kuksin, M., Levantovsky, R., Malle, L., Moreira, A., Park, M. D., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.002 · Cited by 1,623 · see citing works
Ciotti, M., Ciccozzi, M., Terrinoni, A., Jiang, W.-C., Wang, C.-B., & Bernardini, S. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences · doi:10.1080/10408363.2020.1783198 · Cited by 1,567 · see citing works
From SARS to MERS, Thrusting Coronaviruses into the Spotlight
Song, Z., Xu, Y., Bao, L., Zhang, L., Yü, P., Qu, Y., Zhu, H., Zhao, W., Han, Y., & Qin, C. (2019) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v11010059 · Cited by 1,268 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, L., He, W., Yu, X., Hu, D., Bao, M., Liu, H., Zhou, J., & Jiang, H. X. (2020) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.019 · Cited by 1,228 · see citing works
Self-citationSARS-CoV-2 infection: The role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease
Costela-Ruiz, V. J., Montes, R. I., Puerta, J. M., Ruíz, C., & Melguizo‐Rodríguez, L. (2020) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.001 · Cited by 1,110 · see citing works
Human Coronavirus: Host-Pathogen Interaction
Fung, T. S., & Liu, D. X. (2019) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115759 · Cited by 964 · see citing works
Origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Umakanthan, S., Sahu, P. K., Ranade, A. V., Bukelo, M. M., Rao, J. S., Abrahão‐Machado, L. F., Dahal, S., Kumar, H. D. V., & Kv, D. (2020) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138234 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 221 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Zhang, G., Hu, C., Luo, L., Fang, F., Chen, Y., Li, J., Peng, Z., & Pan, H. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104364 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
Chu, H., Chan, J. F., Wang, Y., Yuen, T. T., Chai, Y., Hou, Y., Shuai, H., Yang, D., Hu, B., Huang, X., et al. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa410 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, J., Zheng, X., Tong, Q., Li, W., Wang, B., Sutter, K., Trilling, M., Lu, M., Dittmer, U., & Yang, D. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.25709 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Self-citationCOVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment
Zhang, R., Wang, X., Ni, L., Di, X., Ma, B., Niu, S., Liu, C., & Reiter, R. J. (2020) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117583 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
The signal pathways and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19
Yang, L., Xie, X., Tu, Z., Fu, J., Xu, D., & Zhou, Y. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00679-0 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Chan, J. F., Yao, Y., Yeung, M. L., Deng, W., Bao, L., Jia, L., Li, F., Xiao, C., Gao, H., Yü, P., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv392 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus–Host Interactions
Lim, Y. X., Ng, Y. W., Tam, J. P., & Liu, D. X. (2016) · Diseases · doi:10.3390/diseases4030026 · Cited by 585 · see citing works
Iba, T., Levy, J. H., Levi, M. M., & Thachil, J. V. (2020) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/jth.14975 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
IFN-I response timing relative to virus replication determines MERS coronavirus infection outcomes
Channappanavar, R., Fehr, A. R., Zheng, J. H., Wohlford-Lenane, C., Abrahante, J. E., Mack, M., Sompallae, R. R., McCray, P. B., Meyerholz, D. K., & Perlman, S. M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci126363 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Radzikowska, U., Ding, M., Tan, G., Zhakparov, D., Peng, Y., Wawrzyniak, P., Wang, M., Li, S., Morita, H., Altunbulakli, C., et al. (2020) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.14429 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
The molecular virology of coronaviruses
Hartenian, E., Nandakumar, D., Lari, A., Ly, M., Tucker, J. M., & Glaunsinger, B. A. (2020) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.rev120.013930 · Cited by 513 · see citing works
T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: Implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV
Liu, W. J., Zhao, M. J., Liu, K., Xu, K., Wong, G., Tan, W., & Gao, G. F. (2016) · Antiviral Research · doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.006 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Chen, R., Sang, L., Jiang, M., Yang, Z., Jia, N., Fu, W., Xie, J., Guan, W., Liang, W., Ni, Z., et al. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.003 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Zhou, J., Li, C., Zhao, G., Chu, H., Wang, D., Yan, H. H.-N., Poon, V. K., Wen, L., Wong, B. H., Zhao, X., et al. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao4966 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Self-citationEffective inhibition of MERS-CoV infection by resveratrol
Lin, S., Ho, C., Chuo, W., Li, S., Wang, T. T., & Lin, C. (2017) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2253-8 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Liang, Y., Wang, M., Chien, C., Yarmishyn, A. A., Yang, Y.-P., Lai, W.-Y., Luo, Y., Lin, Y.-T., Chen, Y.-J., Chang, P., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01022 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Lessons for COVID-19 immunity from other coronavirus infections
Sariol, A., & Perlman, S. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.005 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Autoinflammatory and autoimmune conditions at the crossroad of COVID-19
Rodríguez, Y., Novelli, L., Rojas, M., Santis, M. D., Acosta‐Ampudia, Y., Monsalve, D. M., Ramı́rez-Santana, C., Costanzo, A., Ridgway, W. M., Ansari, A. A., et al. (2020) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102506 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Kirtipal, N., Bharadwaj, S., & Kang, S. G. (2020) · Infection Genetics and Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104502 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Overview of lethal human coronaviruses
Chen, B., Tian, E.-K., He, B., Tian, L., Han, R., Wang, S., Xiang, Q., Zhang, S., Arnaout, T. E., & Cheng, W. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-0190-2 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Emergence of a Pathogenic Human Coronavirus
Fehr, A. R., Channappanavar, R., & Perlman, S. M. (2016) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev-med-051215-031152 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Yan, B., Chu, H., Yang, D., Sze, K. H., Lai, P.-M., Yuan, S., Shuai, H., Wang, Y., Kao, R. Y. T., Chan, J. F., et al. (2019) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v11010073 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Self-citationRecovery from the Middle East respiratory syndrome is associated with antibody and T cell responses
Zhao, J., Alshukairi, A. N., Baharoon, S. A., Ahmed, W., Bokhari, A. A., Nehdi, A., Layqah, L. A., Alghamdi, M., Algethamy, M., Dada, A. M., et al. (2017) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aan5393 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
SREBP-dependent lipidomic reprogramming as a broad-spectrum antiviral target
Yuan, S., Chu, H., Chan, J. F., Ye, Z., Wen, L., Yan, B., Lai, P.-M., Tee, K., Huang, J., Chen, D., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-08015-x · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Self-citationLaboratory abnormalities in children with novel coronavirus disease 2019
Henry, B. M., Lippi, G., & Plebani, M. (2020) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm-2020-0272 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Chemokines and chemokine receptors during COVID-19 infection
Khalil, B. A., Elemam, N. M., & Maghazachi, A. A. (2021) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.01.034 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
The clinical course and its correlated immune status in COVID-19 pneumonia
He, R., Lu, Z., Zhang, L., Fan, T. T., Xiong, R., Shen, X., Feng, H., Meng, H., Lin, W., Jiang, W., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104361 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Recent Advances in the Vaccine Development Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus
Yong, C. Y., Ong, H. K., Yeap, S. K., Ho, K. L., & Tan, W. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01781 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Schönrich, G., Raftery, M. J., & Samstag, Y. (2020) · Advances in Biological Regulation · doi:10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100741 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
An overview on the seven pathogenic human coronaviruses
Kesheh, M. M., Hosseini, P., Soltani, S., & Zandi, M. (2021) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.2282 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a Systemic Infection
Synowiec, A., Szczepański, A., Barreto-Durán, E., Lie, L. K., & Pyrć, K. (2021) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00133-20 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
The Immune Response and Immunopathology of COVID-19
Mortaz, E., Tabarsi, P., Varahram, M., Folkerts, G., & Adcock, I. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02037 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Coronaviruses: Innate Immunity, Inflammasome Activation, Inflammatory Cell Death, and Cytokines
Lee, S., Channappanavar, R., & Kanneganti, T. (2020) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2020.10.005 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Su, C.-M., Wang, L., & Yoo, D. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92941-2 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Mubarak, A., Alturaiki, W., & Hemida, M. G. (2019) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2019/6491738 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Clinical Features of Patients Infected with the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Shanghai, ChinaPreprint
Cao, M., Zhang, D., Wang, Y., Lu, Y., Zhu, X., Li, Y., Xue, H., Lin, Y.-X., Zhang, M., Sun, Y., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.03.04.20030395 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Jiang, Y., Zhao, G., Song, N., Li, P., Chen, Y., Guo, Y., Li, J., Du, L., Jiang, S., Guo, R., et al. (2018) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0063-8 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Menachery, V. D., Schäfer, A., Burnum-Johnson, K., Mitchell, H. D., Eisfeld, A. J., Walters, K., Nicora, C., Purvine, S. O., Casey, C., Monroe, M. E., et al. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1706928115 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Chu, H., Chan, C.-M., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Yuan, S., Zhou, J., Au-Yeung, R. K. H., Sze, K. H., Yang, D., Shuai, H., et al. (2018) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.ra118.001897 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Self-citationDipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Distribution in the Human Respiratory Tract
Meyerholz, D. K., Lambertz, A. M., & McCray, P. B. (2015) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.09.014 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Yang, D., Chu, H., Hou, Y., Chai, Y., Shuai, H., Lee, A. C.-Y., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Hu, B., Huang, X., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa356 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationMERS coronavirus induces apoptosis in kidney and lung by upregulating Smad7 and FGF2
Yeung, M. L., Yao, Y., Jia, L., Chan, J. F., Chan, K., Cheung, K.-F., Chen, H., Poon, V. K., Tsang, A. K. L., To, K. K., et al. (2016) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.4 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationAnimal and translational models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19
Johansen, M. D., Irving, A. T., Montagutelli, X., Tate, M. D., Rudloff, I., Nold, M. F., Hansbro, N. G., Kim, R., Donovan, C., Liu, G., et al. (2020) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41385-020-00340-z · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Wang, X., Xu, W., Hu, G., Xia, S., Sun, Z., Liu, Z., Xie, Y., Zhang, R., Jiang, S., & Lu, L. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0498-4 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
RetractedACE2-independent infection of T lymphocytes by SARS-CoV-2
Shen, X.-R., Geng, R., Li, Q., Chen, Y., Li, S., Wang, Q. M., Min, J., Yang, Y. P., Li, B., Jiang, R.-D., et al. (2022) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-022-00919-x · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Scoring Systems for Predicting Mortality for Severe Patients with COVID-19
Shang, Y., Liu, T., Wei, Y., Li, J., Shao, L., Liu, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Z., Xu, H., Peng, Z., et al. (2020) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100426 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Modeling the viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Wang, S., Pan, Y., Wang, Q., Miao, H., Brown, A. N., & Rong, L. (2020) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2020.108438 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Changes of hematological and immunological parameters in COVID-19 patients
Yuan, X., Huang, W., Ye, B., Chen, C., Huang, R., Wu, F., Qin, W., Zhang, W., & Hu, J. (2020) · International Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1007/s12185-020-02930-w · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Musa, S. (2020) · Arab Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.ajg.2020.03.002 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Chen, R., Lan, Z., Ye, J., Pang, L., Liu, Y., Wu, W., Qin, X., Guo, Y., & Zhang, P. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.589095 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Wang, X., Xu, W., Hu, G., Xia, S., Sun, Z., Liu, Z., Xie, Y., Zhang, R., Jiang, S., & Lu, L. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0424-9 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
RetractedMolecular Basis of Coronavirus Virulence and Vaccine Development
Enjuanes, L., Zúñiga, S., Castaño-Rodríguez, C., Gutierrez-Alvarez, F. J., Cantón, J., & Sola, I. (2016) · Advances in virus research · doi:10.1016/bs.aivir.2016.08.003 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Huang, J., Song, W., Huang, H., & Sun, Q. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9041131 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Retrospective study of risk factors for severe SARS-Cov-2 infections in hospitalized adult patients
Yao, Q., Wang, P., Wang, X., Qie, G., Meng, M., Tong, X., Bai, X., Ding, M., Liu, W., Keke, L., et al. (2020) · Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnętrznej · doi:10.20452/pamw.15312 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Immune responses during COVID-19 infection
Melenotte, C., Silvin, A., Goubet, A., Lahmar, I., Dubuisson, A., Zumla, A. I., Raoult, D., Merad-Boudia, M., Gachot, B., Henon, C., et al. (2020) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.1080/2162402x.2020.1807836 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Infectability of Human BrainSphere Neurons Suggests Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2*
Bullen, C. K. (2020) · ALTEX · doi:10.14573/altex.2006111 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Lymphopenia an important immunological abnormality in patients with COVID‐19: Possible mechanisms
Jafarzadeh, A., Jafarzadeh, S., Nozari, P., Mokhtari, P., & Nemati, M. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/sji.12967 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Host and viral determinants for efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of the human lung
Chu, H., Hu, B., Huang, X., Chai, Y., Zhou, D., Wang, Y., Shuai, H., Yang, D., Hou, Y., Zhang, X., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20457-w · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationSARS-CoV-2 productively infects primary human immune system cells in vitro and in COVID-19 patients
Pontelli, M. C., Castro, Í. A., Júnior, R. B. M., Serra, L. L., Veras, F. P., Nascimento, D. C., Silva, C. M. S., Cardoso, R. D. S., Rosales, R., Gomes, R., et al. (2022) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjac021 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Cytokine storm in COVID-19: from viral infection to immune responses, diagnosis and therapy
Jiang, Y.-Z., Rubin, L., Peng, T., Liu, L., Xing, X., Lazarovici, P., & Zheng, W. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.59272 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Ko, J., Park, G. E., Lee, J. Y., Lee, J., Cho, S. Y., Ha, Y. E., Kang, C., Kang, J., Kim, Y., Huh, H. J., et al. (2016) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2016.08.005 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
COVID-19 and the role of cytokines in this disease
Hasanvand, A. (2022) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-022-00992-2 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Two Different Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) Risks for SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
Ricke, D. O. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.640093 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
ACE2: the molecular doorway to SARS-CoV-2
Medina-Enríquez, M. M., López‐León, S., Carlos-Escalante, J. A., Torres, Z. A., Cuapio, A., & Wegman-Ostrosky, T. (2020) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-020-00519-8 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
High Prevalence of MERS-CoV Infection in Camel Workers in Saudi Arabia
Alshukairi, A. N., Zheng, J. H., Zhao, J., Nehdi, A., Baharoon, S. A., Layqah, L. A., Bokhari, A. A., Johani, S. M. A., Samman, N., Boudjelal, M., et al. (2018) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.01985-18 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Chen, L., Hu, C., Hood, M. M., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Kan, J., & Du, J. C. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12041193 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The immuno-oncological challenge of COVID-19
Derosa, L., Melenotte, C., Griscelli, F., Gachot, B., Marabelle, A., Kroemer, G., & Zitvogel, L. (2020) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-020-00122-3 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Lymphopenia Caused by Virus Infections and the Mechanisms Beyond
Guo, Z., Zhang, Z., Prajapati, M., & Li, Y. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13091876 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Clinical Characteristics of Children With COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis
Ding, Y., Yan, H., & Guo, W. (2020) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00431 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Banerjee, A., Nasir, J. A., Budylowski, P., Yip, L., Aftanas, P., Christie, N., Ghalami, A., Baid, K., Raphenya, A. R., Hirota, J. A., et al. (2020) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2609.201495 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
MERS coronavirus outbreak: Implications for emerging viral infections
Al‐Omari, A., Rabaan, A. A., Salih, S., Al‐Tawfiq, J. A., & Memish, Z. A. (2018) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.10.011 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Alosaimi, B., Hamed, M. E., Naeem, A., Alsharef, A. A., Alqahtani, S. Y., Aldosari, K., Alamri, A. A., Al-Eisa, K., Khojah, T., Assiri, A. M., et al. (2019) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154895 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Wang, J., Yang, X., Li, Y., Huang, J., Jiang, J., & Su, N. (2021) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-021-01588-y · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Predictors for imaging progression on chest CT from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
Yang, Z., Shi, J. H., He, Z., Lü, Y., Xu, Q., Ye, C., Chen, S., Tang, B., Yin, K., Lu, Y., et al. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.102999 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Abnormal immunity of non-survivors with COVID-19: predictors for mortality
Zhao, Y., Nie, H., Hu, K., Wu, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, M. E., Wang, T., Zheng, Z., Li, X., & Zeng, S. (2020) · Infectious Diseases of Poverty · doi:10.1186/s40249-020-00723-1 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y., Chi, H., Chen, S., Peng, M., Lifei, L., Chen, L., Li, J., Shen, B., & Wang, D. (2020) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm-2020-0377 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citationCOVID19 Disease Map, a computational knowledge repository of virus–host interaction mechanisms
Ostaszewski, M., Niarakis, A., Mazein, A., Kuperstein, I., Phair, R. D., Resendiz, A. O., Singh, V., Aghamiri, S. S., Acencio, M. L., Glaab, E., et al. (2021) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.15252/msb.202110387 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Zhang, Y.-Y., Li, B.-R., & Ning, B. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02033 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
SARS coronavirus 2: from genome to infectome
Rastogi, M., Pandey, N., Shukla, A., & Singh, S. K. (2020) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01581-z · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Advances in gene-based vaccine platforms to address the COVID-19 pandemic
Pushparajah, D., Jimenez, S., Wong, S. L., Alattas, H., Nafissi, N., & Slavcev, R. A. (2021) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.003 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Skariyachan, S., Challapilli, S. B., Packirisamy, S., Kumargowda, S. T., & Sridhar, V. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00569 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Clinical characteristics of 34 COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit in Hangzhou, China
Zheng, Y. F., Sun, L., Xu, M., Pan, J., Zhang, Y., Fang, X., Fang, Q., & Cai, H. (2020) · Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B · doi:10.1631/jzus.b2000174 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Pregnancy and COVID-19: management and challenges
Wenling, Y., Qiu, J., Xiao, Z., & Ouyang, S. (2020) · Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo · doi:10.1590/s1678-9946202062062 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Lavillegrand, J., Garnier, M., Spaeth, A., Mario, N., Hariri, G., Pilon, A., Berti, E., Fieux, F., Thietart, S., Urbina, T., et al. (2021) · Annals of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s13613-020-00798-x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decimates Secondary Lymphoid Organs
Xiang, Q., Feng, Z., Diao, B., Tu, C., Qiao, Q., Yang, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, C., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.661052 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Risk factors related to hepatic injury in patients with corona virus disease 2019Preprint
Lu, L., Li, S., Xu, M., Yu, P., Zheng, S., Duan, Z., Liu, J., Chen, Y., & Li, J. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.02.28.20028514 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chu, H., Zhou, J., Wong, B. H.-Y., Li, C., Chan, J. F.-W., Cheng, Z.-S., Yang, D., Wang, D., Lee, A. C.-Y., Li, C., Yeung, M.-L., Cai, J.-P., Chan, I. H.-Y., Ho, W.-K., To, K. K.-W., Zheng, B.-J., Yao, Y., Qin, C., & Yuen, K.-Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chu, Hin
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2015-07-22
- Volume
- 213
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 904-914
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- PMC
- PMC7107330
- OpenAlex
- W1947409115
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 117 · 2020: 149 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 11.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (T11/707/15)
- Providence Foundation Limited
- University of Hong Kong Small Project Funding (201409176024)
- Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund (14131392)
- Hong Kong Research Grants Council (N_HKU728/14)
- National Science and Technology Major Projects of Infectious Disease (2012ZX10004501-004)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Keywords
- MERS-CoV, T cells, T cell infection, apoptosis, extrinsic apoptotic pathway, mitochondrial apoptosis, spleen, tonsil, marmoset, viral pathogenicity, lymphoid organs
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral, Callithrix, Cells, Cultured, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Spleen, T-Lymphocytes, Palatine Tonsil, Apoptosis, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review