Interplay of stress and physical inactivity on muscle loss: nutritional countermeasures
Open accessAbstract
Inactivity-mediated protein catabolism occurs in many circumstances ranging from catastrophic events such as severe illness or injury, to unique environments such as spaceflight/microgravity, to more insidious causes such as physical frailty and the progression of aging. Nevertheless, regardless of the etiology, the consequences of inactivity are readily observable and debilitating. Mechanistically, the loss of lean body mass during inactivity is the result of a chronic imbalance between muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. When inactivity is accompanied by the stress of trauma or disease, the rate of muscle protein catabolism can increase several fold. Bed rest studies in healthy volunteers provide a unique opportunity to examine the mechanisms contributing to muscle loss and evaluate strategies for intervention that may slow muscle catabolism and promote anabolism. The prerequisite for muscle protein synthesis and the most readily adaptable stimulus is dietary-derived amino acids. This review focuses on the role of amino acid supplementation in the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass during age-related and clinically mandated inactivity.
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“Also, declining physical health can limit an individual’s capacity to engage in physical activity and physical inactivity increases cortisol concentrations (Paddon-Jones, 2006).”
From Depression as a systemic syndrome: mapping the feedback loops of major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Paddon-Jones, 2006
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- Authors
- Paddon-Jones, D.
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-08
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2123-2126
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135455921
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG024832)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR-00073, M01RR000073)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- muscle mass loss, physical inactivity, stress, protein degradation, muscle protein synthesis, amino acid supplementation, skeletal muscle mass, bed rest, aging, frailty
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Amino Acids, Essential, Bed Rest, Diet, Female, Humans, Male, Muscle Proteins, Nutritional Requirements, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Muscle, Skeletal
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