Deep long asymmetric occultation in EPIC 204376071
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We have discovered a young M star of mass 0.16 M⊙ and radius 0.63 R⊙, likely in the Upper Sco Association, that exhibits only a single 80 per cent deep occultation of 1-d duration. The star has frequent flares and a low-amplitude rotational modulation, but is otherwise quiet over 160 d of cumulative observation during K2 campaigns C2 and C15. We discuss how such a deep eclipse is not possible by one star crossing another in any binary or higher order stellar system in which no mass transfer has occurred. The two possible explanations we are left with are (1) orbiting dust or small particles (e.g. a disc bound to a smaller orbiting body, or unbound dust that emanates from such a body); or (2) a transient accretion event of dusty material near the corotation radius of the star. In either case, the time between such occultation events must be longer than ∼80 d. We model a possible orbiting occulter both as a uniform elliptically shaped surface (e.g. an inclined circular disc) and as a ‘dust sheet’ with a gradient of optical depth behind its leading edge. The required masses in such dust features are then ≳3 × 1019 g and ≳1019 g, for the two cases, respectively.
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There are currently several prime candidates for occulting circumplanetary discs: V928 Tau, EPIC 204376071, and EPIC 220208795.
“There are currently several prime candidates for occulting circumplanetary discs: V928 Tau (van Dam et al. 2019), EPIC 204376071 (Rappaport et al. 2019), EPIC 220208795 (van der Kamp et al. 2022).”
From Beyond Circular Eclipsers (BeyonCE) light curve modelling (2024) · cites this paper as Rappaport et al. 2019
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“93-394542.6 (hereafter ‘J1407’; see Mamajek et al. 2012; Kenworthy et al. 2015a; Kenworthy & Mamajek 2015b).”
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Self-citationBerthier, J., Carry, B., Vachier, F., Eggl, S., & Santerne, A. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw492 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Vida, K., Kriskovics, L., Oláh, K., Leitzinger, M., Odert, P., Kővári, Z., Korhonen, H., Greimel, R., Robb, R. M., Csák, B., et al. (2016) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1603.00867 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationPlanet Detection Simulations for Several Possible TESS Extended MissionsPreprint
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Self-citationDiscovery of new dipper stars with K2: a window into the inner disc region of T Tauri stars
Hedges, C., Hodgkin, S. T., & Kennedy, G. M. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty328 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Toward Detection of Exoplanetary Rings via Transit Photometry: Methodology and a Possible Candidate
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Periodic eclipses of the young star PDS 110 discovered with WASP and KELT photometry
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Self-citationA TESS Dress Rehearsal: Planetary Candidates and Variables from K2 Campaign 17
Crossfield, I. J. M., Guerrero, N., David, T. J., Quinn, S. N., Feinstein, A. D., Huang, C. X., Yu, L., Collins, K. A., Fulton, B. J., Benneke, B., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aae155 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Mysterious Dimmings of the T Tauri Star V1334 Tau
Rodriguez, J. E., Zhou, G., Cargile, P. A., Stevens, D. J., Osborn, H. P., Shappee, B. J., Reed, P. A., Lund, M. B., Relles, H. M., Latham, D. W., et al. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5da5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationDisintegrating Rocky Exoplanets
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Self-citationOccultations from an Active Accretion Disk in a 72-day Detached Post-Algol System Detected by K2
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Precision Radial Velocities for the Kepler Era
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
A White Dwarf with Transiting Circumstellar Material Far outside the Roche Limit
Vanderbosch, Z., Hermes, J. J., Dennihy, E., Dunlap, B. H., Izquierdo, P., Tremblay, P.-E., Cho, P. B., Gänsicke, B. T., Toloza, O., Bell, K. J., et al. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9649 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Time-resolved photometry of the young dipper RX J1604.3-2130A
Sicilia‐Aguilar, A., Manara, C. F., de Boer, J., Benisty, M., Pinilla, P., & Bouvier, J. (2019) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936565 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Kristiansen, M. H., Rappaport, S., Vanderburg, A. M., Jacobs, T. L., Schwengeler, H. M., Gagliano, R., Terentev, I. A., LaCourse, D. M., Omohundro, M. R., Schmitt, A. R., et al. (2022) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ac6e06 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationDark Matter Cosmology and Astrophysics
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The Random Transiter – EPIC 249706694/HD 139139
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Self-citationVVV-WIT-08: the giant star that blinked
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Mysterious Dust-emitting Object Orbiting TIC 400799224
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Self-citationHypersphere World-Universe Model: Basic Ideas
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An Asymmetric Eclipse Seen toward the Pre-main-sequence Binary System V928 Tau
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The Structure and Stability of Extended, Inclined Circumplanetary Disc or Ring Systems
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Marshall, J. P., Ertel, S., Kemper, F., del Burgo, C., Otten, G. P. P. L., Scicluna, P., Zeegers, S. T., Ribas, Á., & Morata, Ó. (2023) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ace629 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Gaia17bpp: A Giant Star with the Deepest and Longest Known Dimming Event
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A Systematic Search for Main-sequence Dipper Stars Using the Zwicky Transient Facility
Tzanidakis, A., Davenport, J. R. A., Čaplar, N., Bellm, E. C., Beebe, W., Branton, D., Campos, S., Connolly, A. J., DeLucchi, M., Malanchev, K. L., et al. (2025) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adf5bb · Cited by 5 · see citing works
K2 discovery of a circumsecondary disk transiting EPIC 220208795
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ASASSN-24fw: Candidate Gas-rich Circumsecondary Disk Occultation of a Main-sequence Star
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Extrasolar Enigmas: From Disintegrating Exoplanets to Exoasteroids
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Beyond Circular Eclipsers (BeyonCE) light curve modelling
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New Cosmology -Third Revolution in PhysicsPreprint
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- Authors
- Rappaport, S., Zhou, G., Vanderburg, A., Mann, A., Kristiansen, M. H., Oláh, K., Jacobs, T. L., Newton, E., Omohundro, M. R., LaCourse, D., Schwengeler, H. M., Terentev, I. A., Latham, D. W., Bieryla, A., Soares-Furtado, M., Bouma, L. G., Ireland, M. J., & Irwin, J.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- DTU Space (DK)
- Konkoly Observatory (HU)
- 12812 SE 69th Place Bellevue, WA 98006, USA
- University of Oxford (GB)
- 7507 52nd Place NE Marysville, WA 98270, USA
- Princeton University (US)
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Rappaport, S
- Zhou, G
- Vanderburg, A
- ORCID
- Venue
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-02-22
- Volume
- 485
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 2681-2693
- ISSN
- 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2966
- OpenAlex
- W2916111805
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Queensland ePrints (University of Southern Queensland) (acceptedVersion)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (5-26555, NAS5-26555, NNX09AF08G)
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Keywords
- M dwarfs, young stellar objects, transient accretion, stellar flares, K2 light curves
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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