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Gore Mountain Garnet Amphibolite Records UHT Conditions: Implications for the Rheology of the Lower Continental Crust during Orogenesis

Shinevar, William J, Jagoutz, Oliver, VanTongeren, Jill A·2021·Journal of Petrology
DOI 10.1093/petrology/egab007
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Abstract

The Gore Mountain Garnet Amphibolite (GMGA), part of the Mesoproterozoic Grenville Province in the Adirondack Highlands, NY, USA, is an iconic rock type known for hosting the world’s largest garnets (up to 1 m diameter). We present a new detailed petrographic study of these rocks. Field relations, whole-rock, and mineral major and trace element chemistry suggest that these rocks formed via a prograde hydration reaction of a metagabbro during an increase in pressure and temperature. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb geochronology applied to zircon interpreted to be metamorphic in origin dates this reaction to 1053·9 ± 5·4 Ma (2σ; MSWD = 0·94), during the Ottawan Orogeny (1090–1020 Ma). Our results on peak metamorphic P–T conditions based on thermobarometry, diffusion models, and thermodynamic modelling indicate that these rocks formed at ultrahigh-temperature (>900 °C) conditions (P = 9–10 kbar, T = 950 ± 40 °C), significantly hotter than previously estimated. Diffusion models pinned by nearby cooling ages require the GMGA to initially cool quickly (9·1 °C Ma–1), followed by slower cooling (2·6 °C Ma–1). The two-stage cooling history for the GMGA could reflect initial advection-dominated cooling followed by conduction-dominated cooling once flow ceases. Our results suggest that the region was hot enough to undergo topography-driven lower crustal flow similar to that hypothesized for modern Tibet for 20–0 Ma (25–0 Ma when the effects of melt are included).

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  • In the Adirondack highlands, most Grenvillian ages are 1060 Ma or younger, with some monazite domains as young as Rigolet.

    “the Adirondack highlands, where most Grenvillian ages are 1060 Ma or younger (e.g., monazite by EMPA, Williams et al. 2019; U-Pb zircon by LA-ICP-MS, Metzger et al. 2021; Shinevar et al. 2021) with some monazite domains as young as Rigolet”

    From The Grenville Province: revisiting the orogenic framework and integrating recent findings (2025) · cites this paper as Shinevar et al. 2021

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Metadata

Authors
Shinevar, W. J., Jagoutz, O., & VanTongeren, J. A.
Affiliations
  • MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
  • Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
  • Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
ORCID
Shinevar, William J
Venue
Journal of Petrology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2021-01-28
Volume
62
Issue
4
ISSN
  • 0022-3530
  • 1460-2415
DOI
10.1093/petrology/egab007
Cited by
15
References
2
Language
en
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Funders
  • Geological Society of America Graduate Student Research Fellowship, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Ocean Venture Fund, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Student Research Funds
  • NSF-EAR (1722935)

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