The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Carbon Tail Risk
Open accessAbstract
Strong regulatory actions are needed to combat climate change, but climate policy uncertainty makes it difficult for investors to quantify the impact of future climate regulation. We show that such uncertainty is priced in the option market. The cost of option protection against downside tail risks is larger for firms with more carbon-intense business models. For carbon-intense firms, the cost of protection against downside tail risk is magnified at times when the public’s attention to climate change spikes, and it decreased after the election of climate change skeptic President Trump.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Ilhan, Sautner, and Vilkov (2021) show that for equities, the cost of option protection against downside tail risk is larger for firms with greater carbon intensity.”
From Presidential Address: Sustainable Finance and ESG Issues— Value versus Values (2023) · cites this paper as Ilhan, Sautner, and Vilkov (2021)
Citations
Cites
Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error
Heckman, J. J. (1979) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1912352 · Cited by 28,779
(2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 27,577
Measuring Economic Policy Uncertainty*
Baker, S. R., Bloom, N., & Davis, S. J. (2016) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjw024 · Cited by 12,458
Do Investors Care about Carbon Risk?
Bolton, P., & Kacperczyk, M. (2021) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.008 · Cited by 3,380
Da, Z., ENGELBERG, J., & Gao, P. (2011) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01679.x · Cited by 3,048
The Importance of Climate Risks for Institutional Investors
Krueger, P., Sautner, Z., & Starks, L. T. (2020) · The Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhz137 · Cited by 3,034
Self-citationPolitical uncertainty and risk premia
Pástor, Ľ., & Veronesi, P. (2013) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.08.007 · Cited by 2,383
Uncertainty about Government Policy and Stock Prices
Pástor, Ľ., & Veronesi, P. (2012) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2012.01746.x · Cited by 2,328
Expected Stock Returns and Variance Risk Premia
Bollerslev, T., Tauchen, G. E., & Zhou, H. (2009) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhp008 · Cited by 1,692
Firm-value effects of carbon emissions and carbon disclosures
Matsumura, E. M., Prakash, R., & Vera-Muñoz, S. C. (2014) · The Accounting Review · doi:10.2308/accr-50629 · Cited by 1,681
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Cont,, 2004, Financial modelling with jumps
- Delis,, 2020, Being stranded on fossil reserves? Climate policy risk and the pricing of bank loans
- 2019, Carbon pricing: Heavy weather
- Görgen,, 2020, Carbon risk
- 2018, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Special report: Global warming of 1.5° C
- Litterman,, 2016, Climate risk: Tail risk and the price of carbon emissions—Answers to the risk management puzzle
- Ramelli,, 2020, Stock price rewards to climate saints and sinners: Evidence from the Trump Election
- Trump,, 2012, The concept of global warming was created by and for the Chinese in order to make U.S
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Importance of Climate Risks for Institutional Investors
Krueger, P., Sautner, Z., & Starks, L. T. (2020) · The Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhz137 · Cited by 3,034
Self-citationFirms and social responsibility: A review of ESG and CSR research in corporate finance
Gillan, S., Koch, A., & Starks, L. T. (2021) · Journal of Corporate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101889 · Cited by 3,447
Sustainable investing in equilibrium
Pástor, Ľ., Stambaugh, R. F., & Taylor, L. A. (2021) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.12.011 · Cited by 2,226
Responsible investing: The ESG-efficient frontier
Pedersen, L. H., Fitzgibbons, S., & Pomorski, L. (2021) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.11.001 · Cited by 2,103
The role of ESG performance during times of financial crisis: Evidence from COVID-19 in China
Broadstock, D. C., Chan, K., Cheng, L. T. W., & Wang, X. (2020) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2020.101716 · Cited by 1,691
Firm‐Level Climate Change Exposure
Sautner, Z., van Lent, L., Vilkov, G., & ZHANG, R. (2023) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.13219 · Cited by 1,425
Self-citationPástor, Ľ., Stambaugh, R. F., & Taylor, L. A. (2022) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2022.07.007 · Cited by 1,133
Global Pricing of Carbon‐Transition Risk
Bolton, P. G. M., & Kacperczyk, M. T. (2023) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.13272 · Cited by 1,035
Climate Risk Disclosure and Institutional Investors
Ilhan, E., Krueger, P., Sautner, Z., & Starks, L. T. (2023) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhad002 · Cited by 843
Self-citationWhat do you think about climate finance?
Stroebel, J., & Wurgler, J. A. (2021) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.08.004 · Cited by 708
Climate Change, Firm Performance, and Investor Surprises
Pankratz, N. M. C., Bauer, R. M. M. J., & Derwall, J. (2023) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2023.4685 · Cited by 717
Climate Risk and Capital Structure
Ginglinger, É., & Moreau, Q. (2019) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2023.4952 · Cited by 688
Climate Change Concerns and the Performance of Green vs. Brown Stocks
Ardia, D., Bluteau, K., Boudt, K., & Inghelbrecht, K. (2023) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2022.4636 · Cited by 639
Corporate Climate Risk: Measurements and Responses
Li, Q., Shan, H., Tang, Y., & Yao, V. W. (2020) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhad094 · Cited by 571
Climate Change News Risk and Corporate Bond Returns
Huynh, T., & Xia, Y. (2020) · Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis · doi:10.1017/s0022109020000757 · Cited by 535
ESG Shareholder Engagement and Downside Risk
Hoepner, A. G. F., Oikonomou, I., Sautner, Z., Starks, L. T., & Zhou, X. Y. (2016) · European Finance Review · doi:10.1093/rof/rfad034 · Cited by 639
Self-citationPresidential Address: Sustainable Finance and ESG Issues— Value versus Values
STARKS, L. T. (2023) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.13255 · Cited by 474
Are Carbon Emissions Associated with Stock Returns?
Aswani, J., Raghunandan, A., & Rajgopal, S. (2023) · European Finance Review · doi:10.1093/rof/rfad013 · Cited by 459
Dissecting climate risks: Are they reflected in stock prices?
Faccini, R., Matin, R., & Skiadopoulos, G. S. (2023) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jbankfin.2023.106948 · Cited by 468
A news-based climate policy uncertainty index for China
Ma, Y., Liu, Z., Ma, D., Zhai, P., Guo, K., Zhang, D., & Ji, Q. (2023) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02817-5 · Cited by 433
Climate Regulatory Risk and Corporate Bonds
Seltzer, L., Starks, L. T., & Zhu, Q. (2022) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w29994 · Cited by 392
The pricing of carbon risk in syndicated loans: Which risks are priced and why?
Ehlers, T., Packer, F., & de Greiff, K. (2021) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jbankfin.2021.106180 · Cited by 372
Corporate Governance and Pollution Externalities of Public and Private Firms*
Shive, S. A., & Forster, M. M. (2020) · The Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhz079 · Cited by 343
Climate change, risk factors and stock returns: A review of the literature
Venturini, A. (2021) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101934 · Cited by 329
Investor rewards to environmental responsibility: Evidence from the COVID-19 crisis
Garel, A., & Petit-Romec, A. (2021) · Journal of Corporate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101948 · Cited by 330
Climate‐related risks in financial assets
Campiglio, E., Daumas, L., Monnin, P., & von Jagow, A. (2022) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/joes.12525 · Cited by 340
Park, S. R., & Jang, J. Y. (2021) · International Journal of Financial Studies · doi:10.3390/ijfs9030048 · Cited by 296
Pricing Climate Change Exposure
Sautner, Z., van Lent, L., Vilkov, G., & Zhang, R. (2021) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2023.4686 · Cited by 300
Self-citationDegryse, H., Goncharenko, R., Theunisz, C., & Vadász, T. (2023) · Journal of Corporate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2023.102355 · Cited by 234
Banking on Carbon: Corporate Lending and Cap-and-Trade Policy
Ivanov, I., Kruttli, M. S., & Watugala, S. W. (2020) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhad085 · Cited by 232
Ceccarelli, M., Ramelli, S., & Wagner, A. F. (2024) · Review of Finance · doi:10.1093/rof/rfad015 · Cited by 224
Carbon Returns across the Globe
Zhang, S. (2024) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.13402 · Cited by 212
Reghezza, A., Altunbaş, Y., Marqués-Ibáñez, D., d’Acri, C. R., & Spaggiari, M. (2022) · Journal of Financial Stability · doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2022.101049 · Cited by 221
Is Carbon Risk Priced in the Cross Section of Corporate Bond Returns?
Duan, T., Li, F. W., & Wen, Q. (2020) · Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis · doi:10.1017/s0022109023000832 · Cited by 181
Koelbel, J., Leippold, M., Rillaerts, J., & Wang, Q. (2022) · Journal of Financial Econometrics · doi:10.1093/jjfinec/nbac027 · Cited by 184
Trump vs. Paris: The impact of climate policy on U.S. listed oil and gas firm returns and volatility
Diaz‐Rainey, I., Gehricke, S. A., Roberts, H., & Zhang, R. (2021) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101746 · Cited by 178
How does Climate Risk Spillover and Uncertainty Affect US Stock Markets?Preprint
Khalfaoui, R., Mefteh‐Wali, S., Viviani, J., Jabeur, S. B., Abedin, M. Z., & Lucey, B. M. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122083 · Cited by 189
Being stranded with fossil fuel reserves? Climate policy risk and the pricing of bank loans
Delis, M. D., de Greiff, K., Iosifidi, M., & Ongena, S. R. G. (2024) · Financial Markets Institutions and Instruments · doi:10.1111/fmii.12189 · Cited by 179
Sea-Level Rise Exposure and Municipal Bond Yields
Goldsmith-Pinkham, P. S., Gustafson, M., Lewis, R. C., & Schwert, M. (2023) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhad041 · Cited by 176
Panic Selling When Disaster Strikes: Evidence in the Bond and Stock Markets
Huynh, T., & Xia, Y. (2021) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2021.4018 · Cited by 174
Haas, R. D., & Popov, A. A. (2022) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1093/ej/ueac081 · Cited by 181
Climate Change, Firm Performance, and Investor SurprisesPreprint
Pankratz, N. M. C., Bauer, R. M. M. J., & Derwall, J. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3443146 · Cited by 166
A review on ESG investing: Investors' expectations, beliefs and perceptions
Kräussl, R., Oladiran, T., & Stefanova, D. (2024) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/joes.12599 · Cited by 175
ESG Shareholder Engagement and Downside RiskPreprint
Hoepner, A. G. F., Oikonomou, I., Sautner, Z., Starks, L. T., & Zhou, X. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2874252 · Cited by 161
Self-citationRamelli, S., Wagner, A. F., Zeckhauser, R., & Ziegler, A. (2021) · The Review of Corporate Finance Studies · doi:10.1093/rcfs/cfab010 · Cited by 193
Climate risk, digital transformation and corporate green innovation efficiency: Evidence from China
Ren, X., Li, W., & Li, Y. (2024) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123777 · Cited by 160
Brown, J. R., Martinsson, G., & Thomann, C. J. (2021) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhac003 · Cited by 155
Nguyen, Q., Diaz‐Rainey, I., & Kuruppuarachchi, D. (2021) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105129 · Cited by 147
Disaggregating confusion? The EU Taxonomy and its relation to ESG rating
Dumrose, M., Rink, S., & Eckert, J. (2022) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2022.102928 · Cited by 140
International Political Uncertainty and Climate Risk Premium
Gong, X., Fu, C., Huang, Q., & Lin, M. (2022) · Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money · doi:10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101683 · Cited by 141
The Effect of Carbon Pricing on Firm Emissions: Evidence from the Swedish CO2 Tax
Martinsson, G., Sajtos, L., Strömberg, P., & Thomann, C. J. (2023) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhad097 · Cited by 165
Attention to climate change and downside risk: Evidence from China
Chen, X., Xian, C., Xu, L., & Wen, F. (2022) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.13975 · Cited by 132
Yoo, S., Keeley, A. R., & Managi, S. (2021) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112330 · Cited by 130
Investor climate sentiment and financial markets
Santi, C. (2020) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102490 · Cited by 146
Climate Change and Uncertainty: An Asset Pricing Perspective
Barnett, M. (2023) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2022.4635 · Cited by 135
Where is the carbon premium? Global performance of green and brown stocks
Bauer, M. D., Huber, D., Rudebusch, G. D., & Wilms, O. (2022) · Journal of Climate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jclimf.2023.100006 · Cited by 126
Stock Prices and the Russia-Ukraine War: Sanctions, Energy and ESGPreprint
Deng, M., Leippold, M., Wagner, A. F., & Wang, Q. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4080181 · Cited by 126
Climate Sin Stocks: Stock Price Reactions to Global Climate Strikes
Ramelli, S., Ossola, E., & Rancan, M. (2020) · Journal of Corporate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.102018 · Cited by 133
Hoang, K. C. G. (2022) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.2246 · Cited by 123
Cicchiello, A. F., Marrazza, F., & Perdichizzi, S. (2022) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.2408 · Cited by 121
Lei, N., Qin, M., & Yao, X. (2023) · Economic Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2023.106478 · Cited by 119
Biodiversity risk and firm performance: Evidence from US firms
Bach, T. N., Hoang, K. C. G., & Le, T. Q. (2024) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.4039 · Cited by 119
Climate Regulatory Risks and Corporate BondsPreprint
Seltzer, L., Starks, L. T., & Zhu, Q. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3563271 · Cited by 119
Climate change exposure, risk management and corporate social responsibility: Cross-country evidence
Mbanyele, W., & Muchenje, L. T. (2022) · Journal of Multinational Financial Management · doi:10.1016/j.mulfin.2022.100771 · Cited by 119
Corporate social responsibility and credit risk
Bannier, C. E., Bofinger, Y., & Rock, B. (2021) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2021.102052 · Cited by 114
ESG Performance and Stock Price Volatility in Public Health Crisis: Evidence from COVID-19 Pandemic
Zhou, D., & Zhou, R. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19010202 · Cited by 114
Daumas, L. (2023) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/joes.12551 · Cited by 133
Climate Change Concerns and the Performance of Green Versus Brown StocksPreprint
Ardia, D., Bluteau, K., Boudt, K., & Inghelbrecht, K. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3717722 · Cited by 112
Sustainable Finance: ESG/CSR, Firm Value, and Investment Returns*
Chang, X., Fu, K., Jin, Y., & Liem, P. F. (2022) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies · doi:10.1111/ajfs.12379 · Cited by 111
The influence of green innovation on default risk: Evidence from Europe
Meles, A., Salerno, D., Sampagnaro, G., Verdoliva, V., & Zhang, J. (2022) · International Review of Economics & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.iref.2022.11.036 · Cited by 122
Global climate policy uncertainty and financial markets
Ji, Q., Ma, D., Zhai, P., Fan, Y., & Zhang, D. (2024) · Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money · doi:10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102047 · Cited by 116
Regulating Sustainable Finance in the Dark
Zetzsche, D. A., & Anker-Sørensen, L. (2022) · European Business Organization Law Review · doi:10.1007/s40804-021-00237-9 · Cited by 132
Measuring Corporate Weather Exposure using Computational Linguistics
Nagar, V., & Schoenfeld, J. (2019) · Review of Accounting Studies · doi:10.1007/s11142-022-09711-2 · Cited by 113
Climate change financial risks: Implications for asset pricing and interest rates
Karydas, C., & Xepapadeas, A. (2022) · Journal of Financial Stability · doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2022.101061 · Cited by 101
Deng, W., Zhang, Z., & Guo, B. (2023) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2023.103026 · Cited by 100
Being Stranded with Fossil Fuel Reserves? Climate Policy Risk and the Pricing of Bank LoansPreprint
Delis, M. D., de Greiff, K., Iosifidi, M., & Ongena, S. R. G. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3125017 · Cited by 95
Azimli, A. (2022) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2022.103456 · Cited by 94
Issuing bonds during the Covid-19 pandemic: Was there an ESG premium?
Ferriani, F. (2023) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102653 · Cited by 94
van der Beck, P. (2026) · Journal of Finance · doi:10.37214/jofdata.35 · Cited by 1
Climate risk, ESG performance, and ESG sentiment in US commercial banks
Erhemjamts, O., Huang, K., & Tehranian, H. (2023) · Global Finance Journal · doi:10.1016/j.gfj.2023.100924 · Cited by 87
Khalfaoui, R., Stef, N., Arfi, W. B., & Jabeur, S. B. (2022) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121743 · Cited by 83
Ma, F., Cao, J.-M., Wang, Y.-Z., Vigne, S., & Dong, D.-Y. (2023) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.14265 · Cited by 84
Global Pricing of Carbon-Transition RiskPreprint
Bolton, P. G. M., & Kacperczyk, M. T. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3550233 · Cited by 84
Naseer, M. M., Guo, Y., Bagh, T., & Zhu, X. (2024) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103492 · Cited by 101
Stock market reaction to mandatory ESG disclosure
Wang, J., Hu, X., & Zhong, A. (2022) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2022.103402 · Cited by 80
Green credit policy and corporate climate risk exposure
He, F., Lin, D., Cao, Y., & Wen, S. (2024) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107509 · Cited by 80
Pricing Poseidon: Extreme Weather Uncertainty and Firm Return Dynamics
Kruttli, M. S., Tran, B. R., & Watugala, S. W. (2025) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.13416 · Cited by 78
The effect of climate news risk on uncertainties
Ye, L. (2022) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121586 · Cited by 80
Aslan, A., Poppe, L., & Posch, P. N. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13158568 · Cited by 74
Does Climate Change Affect Bank Lending Behavior?
Aslan, Ç., Bulut, E., Çepni, O., & Yılmaz, M. H. (2022) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110859 · Cited by 74
Stranded Fossil Fuel Reserves and Firm Value
Atanasova, C., & Schwartz, E. S. (2019) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w26497 · Cited by 72
Tracking policy uncertainty under climate change
Lin, B., & Zhao, H. (2023) · Resources Policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103699 · Cited by 74
A Review of the Global Climate Finance Literature
Kouwenberg, R. R. P., & Zheng, C. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15021255 · Cited by 69
Corporate climate risk and stock market reaction to performance briefings in China
Wu, N., Xiao, W.-G., Liu, W., & Zhang, Z.-P. (2022) · Environmental science and pollution research international · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-19479-2 · Cited by 59
Climate Risk Disclosure and Institutional InvestorsPreprint
Ilhan, E., Krueger, P., Sautner, Z., & Starks, L. T. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3437178 · Cited by 66
Self-citationParikh, A., Kumari, D., Johann, M., & Mladenović, D. (2023) · Cleaner and Responsible Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100101 · Cited by 65
Risk modelling of ESG (environmental, social, and governance), healthcare, and financial sectors
Chaudhry, S. M., Chen, X. H., Ahmed, R., & Nasir, M. A. (2023) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.14195 · Cited by 65
The impact of the war in Ukraine on energy prices: Consequences for firms’ financial performance
Ferriani, F., & Gazzani, A. G. (2023) · International Economics · doi:10.1016/j.inteco.2023.04.006 · Cited by 64
Spillover of stock price crash risk: Do environmental, social and governance (ESG) matter?
Wang, L., Ji, Y., & Ni, Z. (2023) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102768 · Cited by 64
CRISK: Measuring the climate risk exposure of the financial system
Jung, H., Engle, R. F., & Berner, R. B. (2025) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2025.104076 · Cited by 64
Metadata
- Authors
- Ilhan, E., Sautner, Z., & Vilkov, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Frankfurt School of Finance & Management (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Sautner, Zacharias
- Venue
- The Review of Financial Studies
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-06-27
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1540-1571
- ISSN
- 0893-9454 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-7368
- OpenAlex
- W3121471843
- Cited by
- 1,136
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 292 · 2025: 279 · 2024: 202 · 2023: 152 · 2022: 105 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 28
- FWCI
- 39.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Review of Financial Studies (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Sustainable Finance and Green Bonds
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Stochastic processes and financial applications
- Keywords
- climate policy uncertainty, carbon-intensive firms, options market, downside risk protection, climate change skepticism, Trump administration, carbon pricing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review