The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Effect of Liquidity on Governance
Abstract
This paper demonstrates a positive effect of stock liquidity on blockholder governance. Liquidity increases the likelihood of block formation. Conditional upon acquiring a stake, liquidity reduces the likelihood that the blockholder governs through voice (intervention)—as shown by the lower propensity for active investment (filing Schedule 13D) than passive investment (filing Schedule 13G). The lower frequency of activism does not reflect the abandonment of governance, but governance through the alternative channel of exit (selling one's shares): A 13G filing leads to positive announcement returns and improvements in operating performance, especially in liquid firms. Moreover, taking into account the increase in block formation, liquidity has an unconditional positive effect on voice as well as exit. We use decimalization as an exogenous shock to liquidity to identify causal effects.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Cross‐Section of Expected Stock Returns
FAMA, E. F., & FRENCH, K. R. (1992) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04398.x · Cited by 17,261
Illiquidity and stock returns: cross-section and time-series effects
Amihud, Y. (2002) · Journal of Financial Markets · doi:10.1016/s1386-4181(01)00024-6 · Cited by 9,963
Continuous Auctions and Insider Trading
Kyle, A. S. (1985) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1913210 · Cited by 9,580
Corporate Governance and Equity Prices
Gompers, P., Ishii, J., & Metrick, A. (2003) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/00335530360535162 · Cited by 6,120
Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion
Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2008) · doi:10.2307/j.ctvcm4j72 · Cited by 5,051
Interaction terms in logit and probit models
Ai, C., & Norton, E. C. (2003) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/s0165-1765(03)00032-6 · Cited by 4,599
Takeover Bids, The Free-Rider Problem, and the Theory of the Corporation
Grossman, S. J., & Hart, O. D. (1980) · The Bell Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/3003400 · Cited by 3,098
Managerial incentives and risk-taking☆
COLES, J., DANIEL, N., & NAVEEN, L. (2006) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2004.09.004 · Cited by 2,909
Core, J., & Guay, W. (2002) · Journal of Accounting Research · doi:10.1111/1475-679x.00064 · Cited by 1,696
Asset fire sales (and purchases) in equity markets
Coval, J., & Stafford, E. (2007) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2006.09.007 · Cited by 1,672
Cited by
Behind the Scenes: The Corporate Governance Preferences of Institutional Investors
McCAHERY, J. A., SAUTNER, Z., & STARKS, L. T. (2016) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.12393 · Cited by 1,494
Does Stock Liquidity Enhance or Impede Firm Innovation?
FANG, V. W., TIAN, X., & TICE, S. (2014) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.12187 · Cited by 1,339
Self-citationDimson, E., Karakaş, O., & Li, X. (2015) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/hhv044 · Cited by 1,242
Corporate governance and blockchains
Yermack, D. (2017) · Review of Finance · doi:10.1093/rof/rfw074 · Cited by 1,082
Passive investors, not passive owners
Appel, I. R., Gormley, T. A., & Keim, D. B. (2016) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2016.03.003 · Cited by 965
Metadata
- Authors
- Edmans, A., Fang, V. W., & Zur, E.
- Venue
- Review of Financial Studies
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-04-10
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1443-1482
- ISSN
- 0893-9454 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-7368
- OpenAlex
- W3022527834
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 63
- FWCI
- 76.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Effect of Liquidity on Governance. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/rfs/hht012
- The paper
- Edmans, A., Fang, V. W., & Zur, E. (2013). The Effect of Liquidity on Governance. Review of Financial Studies. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hht012
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.