Quantitative meta-analysis on state and trait aspects of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) have a high prevalence in schizophrenic patients. An array of studies have explored the neural correlates of AVHs by means of functional neuroimaging and have associated AVHs with diverse brain regions, some of which have been shown to be involved in speech generation, speech perception, and auditory stimulus processing. We divided these studies into "state" studies comparing periods of presence and absence of AVHs within-subject and "trait" studies comparing patients experiencing AVHs with patients without AVHs or healthy controls during tasks with verbal material. We set out to test the internal consistency and possible dissociations of the neural correlates of AVHs. We used activation likelihood estimation to perform quantitative meta-analyses on brain regions reported in state and trait studies on AVHs to assess significant concordance across studies. State studies were associated with activation in bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral postcentral gyrus, and left parietal operculum. Trait studies on the other hand showed convergence of decreases in hallucinating subjects in left superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, and left premotor cortex activity. Based on the clear dissociation of brain regions that show convergence across state in comparison to trait studies, we conclude that the state of experiencing AVHs is primarily related brain regions that have been implicated in speech production ie, Broca's area, whereas the general trait that makes humans prone to AVHs seems to be related to brain areas involved in auditory stimuli processing and speech perception, ie, auditory cortex.
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Our present study shows commonalities between many of the neural regions activated during AVH (such as left STG, left insula, left IFG) and those strongly activated during dialogic inner speech.
“Our present study extends this by showing commonalities between many of the neural regions activated during AVH (such as left STG, left insula, left IFG) and those strongly activated during dialogic inner speech (Jardri et al., 2011; Kühn and Gallinat, 2012).”
From The brain's conversation with itself: neural substrates of dialogic inner speech (2016) · cites this paper as Kühn and Gallinat, 2012
The Discussion reports left IFG activation in AVH state studies and left STG findings in trait studies. It does not identify left insula as a convergent region, and it describes the left STG trait finding as decreased activity rather than reliable activation during AVHs. The comparison with dialogic inner speech is framed as the citing authors’ own result, not a finding attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMeta-analyses of symptom-capture studies have only partially overlapping conclusions.
“Recent meta-analyses of symptom-capture studies have come to only partially overlapping conclusions: while Jardri et al. (2011) found AVHs to be associated with activation in left IFG, anterior insula, superior temporal, and hippocampal areas, Kühn and Gallinat (2012) could only find consistent results for bilateral IFG, postcentral gyrus, and parietal areas.”
From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Kühn and Gallinat (2012)
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Cited by
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Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology
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“…studies (investigating neural correlates of the occurrence of AVHs in the scanner) show activation of inferior frontal gyrus bilaterally (Kühn & Gallinat, 2012), while speech-processing atypicalities in schizophrenia patients who experience AVHs are also consistent with a model in…”
ResultThe neural mechanisms of hallucinations: A quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies
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“The STG (left and right) are almost universally active during AVH (Jardri et al., 2011; Kuhn and Gallinat, 2010).”
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The auditory steady-state response (ASSR)
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“trait aspects, Kuhn found the state of experiencing AVHs related to brain regions that have been implicated in speech production, that is, Broca’s area, whereas trait proneness to AVHs seems to be related to areas involved in auditory stimuli processing and speech perception, that is, auditory cortex (149).”
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“For example, auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) have been hypothesized to result from a misattribution of inner speech to an external source [50, 51], a theory that is based largely on the fact that left IFG is activated both in neuroimaging studies of AVH (see meta-analyses in [52, 53]) and in neuroimaging studies…”
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“…in a number of early symptomcapture studies of people hearing voices while being scanned (Shergill et al., 2000), although later meta-analyses have failed to consistently identify this region during the hallucinatory state (Jardri et al., 2011; Kühn and Gallinat, 2012; Zmigrod et al., 2016).”
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Not on speaking terms: hallucinations and structural network disconnectivity in schizophrenia
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“A second meta-analysis by Kühn and Gallinat (2012), which did not find convergence in the PAC utilizing a partly overlapping set of studies, is not directly comparable to Kompus et al. (2011) study, as the included contrasts involved a wide variety of conditions (e.g., auditory imagery, speech…”
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“Similar to previous findings (Kuhn & Gallinat, 2010), this group reported reduced activation of left primary auditory cortex to incoming auditory stimuli in SZ patients prone to AHs, which may reflect competition for resources between internallyand externally-generated auditory events, progressive…”
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“A meta-analysis by Kühn and Gallinat (2012) revealed differences in brain regions during analysis of the ‘‘state’’ and ‘‘trait’’ of hallucinatory experience.”
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“…the inferior frontal gyri, insula, pre- and postcentral gyri, frontal and parietal operculum, middle and superior temporal gyri, inferior parietal lobule and hippocampus/ parahippocampal region (Sommer et al. 2008b ; Jardri et al. 2010 ; Kuhn & Gallinat, 2010 ; Diederen et al. 2011, 2012).”
BackgroundResultAuditory verbal hallucinations: neuroimaging and treatment
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“…studies measuring trait aspects of AVH show that regions including the bilateral ACC), the left superior and middle temporal gyrus and the left premotor cortex are hypoactive in patients with psychosis experiencing AVH during language-related tasks (for a meta-analysis, see Kühn & Gallinat, 2012).”
Dyck, M. S., Mathiak, K. A., Bergert, S., Sarkheil, P., Koush, Y., Alawi, E. M., Zvyagintsev, M., Gaebler, A. J., Shergill, S. S., & Mathiak, K. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00037 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Studying Schizophrenia, Negative Symptoms, and the Glutamate System
Gruber, O., Chadha, A. S., & Aach, H. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00032 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“A second meta-analysis by Kühn and Gallinat (23) came to the conclusion that a current psychopathological state of experiencing auditory–verbal hallucinations may be associated with abnormal activation of brain regions that are also involved in speech production (e.”
BackgroundOertel-Knöchel, V., Knöchel, C., Matura, S., Prvulovic, D., Linden, D., & van de Ven, V. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.04.024 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“Furthermore, predispositions towards hallucinations (RHS) was significantly associated with left STG activation in first-degree relatives , which supports the hypothesis by (Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012) about trait-related associations between AVH and STG activation.”
ResultBais, L., Liemburg, E., Vercammen, A., Bruggeman, R., Knegtering, H., & Aleman, A. (2017) · Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.017 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“…engagement of a distributed network involved in language processing and verbal memory, including the inferior frontal gyrus, middle/ superior temporal gyri and medial regions such as the hippocampus and insula, when comparing AVH periods to rest (Jardri et al., 2011; Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012).”
Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Hallucinations—Understanding Perception without Stimulus
Tracy, D., & Shergill, S. (2013) · Brain Science · doi:10.3390/brainsci3020642 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“Kühn and Gallinat [87] recently undertook a meta-analysis of neuroimaging data on state and trait aspects of AVH in schizophrenia: that is those areas whose activation varied within-subjects (hallucinators) depending upon the presence or absence of AVH (state); and those areas whose activation varied between groups of…”
BackgroundChang, X., Collin, G., Xi, Y.-B., Cui, L.-B., Scholtens, L. H., Sommer, I., Wang, H.-N., Yin, H., Kahn, R., & van den Heuvel, M. P. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.01.024 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“org areas) and other regions of the cortex (Jardri et al., 2011; Kompus et al., 2011; Kühn and Gallinat, 2010).”
Linked 4-Way Multimodal Brain Differences in Schizophrenia in a Large Chinese Han Population
Liu, S., Wang, H., Song, M., Lv, L., Cui, Y., Liu, Y., Fan, L.-Z., Zuo, N.-M., Xu, K.-B., Du, Y.-H., et al. (2019) · Schizophrenia bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sby045 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Homan, P., Kindler, J., Hauf, M., Walther, S., Hubl, D., & Dierks, T. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00304 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“…experienced AVH) in the temporal lobe, which would then contribute to the small differences that were observed in the within-subject comparison between conditions and to the seemingly decreased activation in hallucinating subjects compared to non-hallucinating subjects (Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialBarber, L., Reniers, R., & Upthegrove, R. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01670-7 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Furthermore, both Jardri et al. [5] and Kühn and Gallinat [14] used the false discovery rate to correct for multiple comparisons; the more stringent cluster-level FWE correction was used here.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialYoon, Y., Yun, J.-Y., Jung, W., Kang, I.-C. K., Kim, S., Lee, T., Park, H., & Kwon, J. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135347 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“A meta-analysis revealed that the core regions responsible for hallucinations are the regions related to speech production, whereas an individual’s hallucinatory trait is associated with the speech perception areas [50].”
BackgroundKnott, V., Shah, D., Millar, A., McIntosh, J., Fisher, D., Blais, C., & Ilivitsky, V. (2012) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00172 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Whitford, V., O'Driscoll, G. A., Pack, C. C., Joober, R., Malla, A., & Titone, D. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/a0028062 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Kubera, K., Rashidi, M., Schmitgen, M., Barth, A., Hirjak, D., Sambataro, F., Calhoun, V., & Wolf, R. C. (2019) · Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.03.007 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Cerebral blood flow alterations specific to auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia.
Zhuo, C., Zhu, J., Qin, W., Qu, H., Ma, X.-L., & Yu, C.-S. (2017) · The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.115.174961 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Kirschner, M., Hodzic-Santor, B., Antoniades, M., Nenadić, I., Kircher, T., Krug, A., Meller, T., Grotegerd, D., Fornito, A., Arnatkevic̆iūtė, A., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01359-9 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“Prior schizotypy studies reported mixed findings, including greater prefrontal [38] or spared OFC thickness [36], and lower frontal grey matter volume [37,”
Rollins, C. P. E., Garrison, J., Simons, J., Rowe, J., O'Callaghan, C., Murray, G., & Suckling, J. (2018) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.01.012 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“Indeed, AVH in schizophrenia has been associated with increased functional activation in the STG, insula, anterior cingulate, and pre/post central gyrus [21,22], reduced resting connectivity between default mode regions [99], disruptions to the salience network [30], and altered interactions between resting-state netw…”
BackgroundNeuroimaging of Voice Hearing in Non-Psychotic Individuals: A Mini Review
Diederen, K., van Lutterveld, R., & Sommer, I. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00111 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Garrison, J. R., Bond, R. L., Gibbard, E., Johnson, M. K., & Simons, J. S. (2016) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.018 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“…this proposal comes from fMRI analysis of cortical activation during state studies of both auditory and visual hallucinations (Garrison, 2015; Kühn & Gallinat, 2012), which have identified hallucination-related activation in the respective sensory cortices, and from research observing…”
BackgroundKubera, K., Barth, A., Hirjak, D., Thomann, P., & Wolf, R. C. (2015) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2015.00131 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Abnormal activation of the right hemisphere regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus and the postcentral gyrus is a frequently reported finding in patients who experience persistent AVH (Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012).”
BackgroundRaij, T. T., & Riekki, T. J. J. (2012) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2012.09.007 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Imaging studies that have compared AVHrelated brain activation with non-AVH periods do not typically report SMA activation (Jardri et al., 2011; Allen et al., 2008; Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialAtagün, M. I., Şıkoğlu, E., Can, S., Karakaş-Uğurlu, G., Ulusoy-Kaymak, S., Çayköylü, A., Algın, O., Phillips, M., Moore, C. M., & Öngür, D. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.012 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Moreover, left superior temporal cortices have been associated with symptom domains such as auditory hallucinations (Dierks et al., 1999; Jardri et al., 2011; Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012; Modinos et al., 2013; Shinn et al., 2013) and thought disorder (Seese et al.”
BackgroundMatheson, S. L., Shepherd, A. M., & Carr, V. J. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714000166 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Compared with patients without hallucinations, hallucinating patients show decreased activation during verbal tasks in the left superior and middle temporal gyri, anterior cingulate cortex and left premotor cortex (Kuhn & Gallinat, 2012).”
BackgroundChang, X., Zhao, W. D., Kang, J., Xiang, S., Xie, C., Hernández, H. C., Palaniyappan, L. K., & Feng, J. (2022) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-022-00308-x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Hjelmervik, H., Craven, A., Sinceviciute, I., Johnsen, E., Kompus, K., Bless, J., Kroken, R., Løberg, E., Ersland, L., Grüner, R., et al. (2019) · Schizophrenia bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbz099 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Zhu, J., Wang, C., Liu, F., Qin, W., Li, J., & Zhuo, C. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00114 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“…white matter integrity (Geoffroy et al., 2014; Wigand et al., 2015), state activation (Jardri et al., 2011; Kompus et al., 2011; Allen et al., 2012; Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012), and resting-state functional connectivity (Hoffman and Hampson, 2011)] related to AVH has been accumulating in recent years.”
BackgroundJensen, K. M., Calhoun, V. D., Fu, Z., Yang, K., Faria, A. V., Ishizuka, K., Sawa, A., Andrés-Camazón, P., Coffman, B. A., Seebold, D., et al. (2024) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103584 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Both of these regions are involved in the language network, and as a result, many studies have investigated and identified associations between the IFG, STG, and auditory verbal hallucinations (Jardri et al., 2011; Kompus et al., 2011; Kuhn & Gallinat, 2012; Zhang et al., 2015).”
BackgroundAuditory Hallucinations as Translational Psychiatry: Evidence from Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Hugdahl, K. (2017) · Balkan Medical Journal · doi:10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.1226 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“From the “classic” studies by (11,13,15), which were mainly”
BackgroundPinheiro, A., Rezaii, N., Rauber, A., Nestor, P., Spencer, K., & Niznikiewicz, M. (2017) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12880 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Stoyanov, D., Kandilarova, S., Aryutova, K., Paunova, R., Todeva-Radneva, A., Latypova, A., & Kherif, F. (2020) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics11010019 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Castiajo, P., & Pinheiro, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01138 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“…than clinical hallucinations (e.g., de Leede-Smith and Barkus, 2013), the study of this phenomenon in a nonclinical population is particularly advantageous as it avoids confounding effects of medication and hospitalization that are often ascribed to clinical samples (e.g., Kühn and Gallinat, 2010).”
BackgroundNeurological Soft Signs Predict Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Patients With Schizophrenia.
Wolf, R. C., Rashidi, M., Schmitgen, M., Fritze, S., Sambataro, F., Kubera, K., & Hirjak, D. (2020) · Schizophrenia bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa146 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Neuroimaging auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia patient and healthy populations
Biase, M. D. D., Zhang, F., Lyall, A., Kubicki, M., Mandl, R., Sommer, I., & Pasternak, O. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291719000205 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies comparing schizophrenia patients with and without AVH implicate volume and gray matter thickness (GMT) changes in predominantly language-related gray matter areas, such as temporal cortical regions, Broca’s area, and prefrontal regions in the pathology of AVH (Kühn and Gallinat…”
BackgroundThoma, R., Chaze, C., Lewine, J., Calhoun, V., Clark, V., Bustillo, J., Houck, J., Ford, J., Bigelow, R., Wilhelmi, C., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00039 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Montagne-Larmurier, A., Etard, O., Maiza, O., & Dollfus, S. (2011) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e32834bd26e · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Fovet, T., Orlov, N., Dyck, M., Allen, P., Mathiak, K., & Jardri, R. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00103 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“For example, two meta-analyses of AVHs in schizophrenia demonstrated that the human voice sensitive region of the left and right STG is associated with the experience of AVHs (66, 79).”
BackgroundA Cognitive Neuroscience View of Voice-Processing Abnormalities in Schizophrenia
Conde, T., Gonçalves, Ó. F., & Pinheiro, A. P. (2016) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000082 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Temporal cortical areas and emotion-related structures (amygdala, insula, and orbitofrontal cortex) have been previously implicated in the experience of auditory hallucinations.(119,120) The activation pattern of such areas in these studies(117,118) suggests that experiencing AVH engages the same neural resources unde…”
BackgroundInsights into hallucinations in schizophrenia: Novel treatment approaches
Aleman, A., & Larøi, F. (2011) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.11.90 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Neurocognitive Basis of Schizophrenia: Information Processing Abnormalities and Clues for Treatment
Aleman, A. (2014) · Advances in Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2014/104920 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Zhuo, C.-J., Zhu, J.-J., Wang, C.-L., Wang, L.-N., Li, J., & Qin, W. (2016) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.4103/0366-6999.178974 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Language-Related Neurophysiological Deficits in Schizophrenia
Hirano, S., Spencer, K., Onitsuka, T., & Hirano, Y. (2019) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1550059419886686 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The Etiology of Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: From Multidimensional Levels
Shao, X., Liao, Y., Gu, L., Chen, W., & Tang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.755870 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Across populations of schizophreniaspectrum disorder, psychotic disorder, and healthy controls, meta-analyses of trait studies revealed that AVHs were frequently related to activations in the left middle and superior temporal gyrus, left postcentral and precentral gyrus, left insula, left hippocampus/parahippocampal r…”
BackgroundCui, L., Chen, G., Xu, Z., Liu, L., Wang, H., Guo, L., Liu, W.-M., Liu, T., Qi, S., Liu, K., et al. (2016) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.12.006 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Xie, Y.-J., Guan, M.-Z., He, Y., Wang, Z.-H., Ma, Z.-J., Fang, P., & Wang, H.-N. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1071769 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Functional imaging studies have explored the neural correlates of AVH and have suggested that experiencing AVH is primarily involved the language-related network associated with the Broca area, the anterior insula, the inferior frontal gyrus, the middle temporal gyrus, the superior temporal gyrus (4, 49).”
BackgroundXie, Y.-J., Guan, M.-Z., Cai, Y., Wang, Z.-H., Ma, Z.-J., Fang, P., & Wang, H.-N. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114974 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Xie, Y., Guan, M., Wang, Z., Ma, Z., Fang, P., & Wang, H. (2023) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-023-01624-8 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“The mixed findings could potentially be attributed to differences in brain activation patterns observed in state (within-subject analysis) and trait (between-subject analysis) studies [42].”
BackgroundLee, W., Kennedy, N. I., Bikson, M., & Frangou, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00048 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Both of these regions have been associated with increased AVH frequency in patients who experience persistent AVH (44).”
BackgroundPaul, A., Bose, A., Kalmady, S., Shivakumar, V., Sreeraj, V., Parlikar, R., Narayanaswamy, J., Dursun, S., Greenshaw, A., Greiner, R., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.923938 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Other regions contributing to the tDCS response prediction model include bilateral precentral and postcentral gyri; both these regions show activation (73) and higher activation likelihood estimate during the occurrence of AVH (43, 44).”
BackgroundRecent findings on neurofeedback training for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia
Hirano, Y., & Tamura, S. (2021) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000693 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Auditory verbal hallucinations reflect stable auditory attention deficits: a prospective study
Løberg, E., Jørgensen, H. A., Kroken, R., & Johnsen, E. (2015) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2014.977857 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“The authors suggested that the AVH state was more related to speech production areas, and trait was related more related to auditory and speech perception areas of the brain (Kuhn & Gallinat, 2012).”
BackgroundWeber, S., Hjelmervik, H., Craven, A., Johnsen, E., Kroken, R., Løberg, E., Ersland, L., Kompus, K., & Hugdahl, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.643564 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“There were Glx effects on left STG connectivity with occipital and postcentral areas and the thalamus, all of which have been associated with hallucinations (3, 31, 32).”
BackgroundAssociation of cognitive and P50 suppression deficits in chronic patients with schizophrenia.
Xia, L., Wang, D.-M., Wang, J.-S., Xu, H., Huo, L., Tian, Y., Dai, Q., Wei, S.-C., Wang, W., Zhang, G.-Y., et al. (2020) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.405 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Abnormal auditory tonotopy in patients with schizophrenia
Doucet, G., Luber, M. J., Balchandani, P., Sommer, I., & Frangou, S. (2019) · npj Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-019-0084-x · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The effect of rTMS on auditory hallucinations: clues from an EEG-rTMS study.
van Lutterveld, R., Koops, S., Schutter, D., Geertsema, E., Stam, C., Kahn, R., & Sommer, I. (2012) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.01.010 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A working model of neural activity and phenomenal experience in psychosis
Martino, M., & Magioncalda, P. (2024) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-024-02607-4 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“…shown by a consistent reduction of activation (and FC) in the superior temporal gyrus/auditory cortex during exteroceptive auditory stimulation [63, 64, 68, 111] (while a de fi cit in the sensory processing of visual stimuli and retinopathy, frequently occurring in schizophrenia, may be associated…”
Boisvert, M., Lungu, O., Pilon, F., Dumais, A., & Potvin, S. (2023) · Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111720 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Gao, J., Zhang, D.-S., Wang, L., Wang, W., Fan, Y.-J., Tang, M., Zhang, X., Lei, X.-Y., Wang, Y.-R., Yang, J., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00575 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Liang, N., Liu, S., Li, X.-R., Wen, D., Li, Q.-Q., Tong, Y., & Xu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.865738 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“the association of AVH with activation in the postcentral regions related to subvocal speech (Kühn and Gallinat, 2012) and therefore being considered involving inner speech generation (Feinberg, 1978; Shergill et al.”
BackgroundChen, J.-L., Xue, K.-K., Yang, M., Wang, K.-F., Xu, Y.-H., Wen, B.-H., Cheng, J.-L., Han, S.-Q., & Wei, Y.-R. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.821078 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Frajman, A., Maggio, N., Muler, I., Haroutunian, V., Katsel, P., Yitzhaky, A., Weiser, M., & Hertzberg, L. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.027 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Nicotinic modulation of salience network connectivity and centrality in schizophrenia
Smucny, J., Wylie, K. P., Kronberg, E., Legget, K. T., & Tregellas, J. R. (2017) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.01.018 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Finally, salience network dysfunction has been linked to all three domains of symptoms in schizophrenia (Kuhn and Gallinat, 2012; Lahti et al., 2006; Manoliu et al., 2013; Palaniyappan et al., 2013).”
BackgroundHearing a Voice as one’s own: Two Views of Inner Speech Self-Monitoring Deficits in Schizophrenia
Langland-Hassan, P. (2016) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-015-0250-7 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Varieties of inner speech and creative potential
de Rooij, A. (2022) · Imagination, Cognition and Personality · doi:10.1177/02762366211070999 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Soler-Vidal, J., Salgado-Pineda, P., Garcia-Leon, M., Ramiro, N., Santo-Angles, A., Torres, M. L., Tristany, J., Guerrero-Pedraza, A., Munuera, J., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98269-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Richards, S., Hughes, M., Woodward, T., Rossell, S., & Carruthers, S. (2021) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.006 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kuhn, S., & Gallinat, J.
- Affiliations
- St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus (DE)
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-12-22
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 779-786
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC3406531
- OpenAlex
- W2159319538
- Cited by
- 245
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- AstraZeneca
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01GS08159)
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Vlaamse regering
- Cilag
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- auditory verbal hallucinations, schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Auditory Perception, Brain, Frontal Lobe, Gyrus Cinguli, Hallucinations, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Parietal Lobe, Schizophrenia, Speech Perception, Temporal Lobe, Positron-Emission Tomography, Functional Neuroimaging
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