High-fat high-sugar diet induces polycystic ovary syndrome in a rodent model†

Roberts, Jacob S.; Perets, Ron A.; Sarfert, Kathryn S.; Bowman, John J.; Ozark, Patrick A.; Whitworth, Gregg B.; Blythe, Sarah N.; Toporikova, Natalia

doi:10.1095/biolreprod.116.142786

Cited by 58Ovarian function and disordersReproductive Biology and FertilityDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

High-fat high-sugar diet induces polycystic ovary syndrome in a rodent model†

Roberts, Jacob S., Perets, Ron A., Sarfert, Kathryn S., Bowman, John J., Ozark, Patrick A., Whitworth, Gregg B., Blythe, Sarah N., Toporikova, Natalia·2017·Biology of Reproduction

DOI 10.1095/biolreprod.116.142786

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Abstract

Obesity has been linked with a host of metabolic and reproductive disorders including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). While a clear association exists between obesity and PCOS, the exact nature of this relationship remains unexplained. The primary symptoms of PCOS include hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Most animal models utilize androgen treatments to induce PCOS. However, these models often fail to address the underlying causes of the disease and do not effectively reproduce key metabolic features such as hyperinsulinemia. Here, we present a novel rodent model of diet-induced obesity that recapitulates both the metabolic and reproductive phenotypes of human PCOS. Rats on a high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet not only demonstrated signs of metabolic impairment, but they also developed polycystic ovaries and experienced irregular estrous cycling. Though hyperandrogenism was not characteristic of HFHS animals as a group, elevated testosterone levels were predictive of high numbers of ovarian cysts. Alterations in steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis gene expression were also found via RNA sequencing of ovarian tissue. Importantly, the PCOS-like symptoms induced in these rats may share a similar etiology to PCOS in humans. Therefore, this model offers a unique opportunity to study PCOS at its genesis rather than following the development of disease symptoms.

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Ovarian dysfunction in PCOS may be further enhanced by specific nutritional deficiencies and high dietary contents of sugar and fat.
“Besides a well-established role of weight gain in the pathophysiology of IR, there is evidence that ovarian dysfunction in PCOS may be further enhanced by specific nutritional deficiencies and high dietary contents of sugar and fat [126,127].”
From Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases (2020) · cites this paper as [126]

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High-fat diets induces polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype in rats
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High-fat and high-sucrose diet impairs female reproduction by altering ovarian transcriptomic and metabolic signatures
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Authors: Roberts, J. S., Perets, R. A., Sarfert, K. S., Bowman, J. J., Ozark, P. A., Whitworth, G. B., Blythe, S. N., & Toporikova, N.
Affiliations: Washington and Lee University (US)
Corresponding author: Toporikova, Natalia
ORCID: Sarfert, Kathryn S.
Ozark, Patrick A.
Toporikova, Natalia
Venue: Biology of Reproduction
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2017-01-27
Volume: 96
Issue: 3
Pages: 551-562
ISSN: 0006-3363 (ISSN-L)
1529-7268
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.142786
OpenAlex: W2587987447
Cited by: 58
References: 71
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 2
FWCI: 2.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Biology of Reproduction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Washington and Lee University
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, high-fat high-sugar diet, diet-induced obesity, rodent models, hyperandrogenism, testosterone, ovarian cysts, steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, hyperinsulinemia, anovulation

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High-fat high-sugar diet induces polycystic ovary syndrome in a rodent model†

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