Fasting, lipid metabolism, and triiodothyronine in rat gastrocnemius muscle: interrelated roles of uncoupling protein 3, mitochondrial thioesterase, and coenzyme Q
Abstract
We investigated the role of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) during fasting and examined the effect of triiodothyronine (T3) administration in such a condition. The possible involvement of mitochondrial thioesterase (MTE I) and the role of putative cofactors, such as coenzyme Q (CoQ), was also examined. Here, we report that fasting induced a more than twofold elevation in the expression and activity of MTE I, and an increase in UCP3 expression, without any associated uncoupling activity. Administration of T3 to fasting rats further up‐regulated UCP3 as well as MTE I expression, markedly enhanced MTE I enzyme activity and prevented the impairment of the uncoupling activity of UCP3 normally seen during fasting. Indeed, T3‐treatment induced an UCP3‐dependent decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, which was abolished by the addition of either GDP or superoxide dismutase (SOD). T3 administration also prevented the marked decrease of CoQ levels observed in fasting rats and this provides evidence that also, in vivo , CoQ represents an essential cofactor for the UCP3‐mediated uncoupling. The data also show that MTE I and UCP3 are likely involved in the same biochemical mechanism and that UCP3 postulated functions, such as lipid handling and uncoupling, are not mutually exclusive but may coexist in vivo .
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Fasting has been quite convincingly shown to increase UCP3 protein levels in animal studies.
“fasting has been quite convincingly shown to increase UCP3 protein levels in animal studies (36,37).”
From Prolonged fasting identifies skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction as consequence rather than cause of human insulin resistance (2010) · cites this paper as [36]
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- Authors
- Moreno, M., Lombardi, A., De Lange, P., Silvestri, E., Ragni, M., Lanni, A., & Goglia, F.
- Affiliations
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali Università degli Studi del Sannio Via Port'Arsa 11 82100 Benevento Italy
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli Via Vivaldi 43 81100 Caserta Italy
- University of Sannio (IT)
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-04-08
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1112-1114
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W2147039012
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (2002058717)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
- Keywords
- fasting, UCP3, coenzyme Q10, triiodothyronine, gastrocnemius, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial uncoupling, mitochondrial membrane potential, superoxide dismutase, gross domestic product, thyroid hormone regulation
- MeSH terms
- Uncoupling Protein 3, Animals, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase, Carrier Proteins, Fasting, Fatty Acids, Ion Channels, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, Oxidation-Reduction, Palmitoylcarnitine, RNA, Messenger, Thiolester Hydrolases, Triiodothyronine, Ubiquinone, Muscle, Skeletal, Mitochondrial Proteins, Lipid Metabolism, Rats
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