Inhibition of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 enhances TLR-mediated inflammation and promotes endotoxin-driven organ failure
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Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK)1 is associated with several important pathologic conditions and plays a modulatory role in adaptive immune responses. However, the involvement and functional role of SGK1 in innate immune responses remain entirely unknown. In this study, we establish that SGK1 is a novel and potent negative regulator of TLR-induced inflammation. Pharmacologic inhibition of SGK1 or suppression by small interfering RNA enhances proinflammatory cytokine (TNF, IL-12, and IL-6) production in TLR-engaged monocytes, a result confirmed in Cre-loxP-mediated SGK1-deficient cells. SGK1 inhibition or gene deficiency results in increased phosphorylation of IKK, IκBα, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated cells. Enhanced NF-κB p65 DNA binding also occurs upon SGK1 inhibition. The subsequent enhancement of proinflammatory cytokines is dependent on the phosphorylation of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), as confirmed by TAK1 gene silencing. In vivo relevance was established in a murine endotoxin model, in which we found that SGK1 inhibition aggravates the severity of multiple organ damage and enhances the inflammatory response by heightening both proinflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. These findings have identified an anti-inflammatory function of SGK1, elucidated the underlying intracellular mechanisms, and establish, for the first time, that SGK1 holds potential as a novel target for intervention in the control of inflammatory diseases.
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SGK1 acts as an effective negative regulator in TLR-induced inflammation; pharmacological inhibition or siRNA of SGK1 enhances production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-12, and IL-6 in monocytes bound to TLR.
“In contrast, SGK1 acts as an effective negative regulator in TLR-induced inflammation. Pharmacological inhibition or suppression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) of SGK1 enhances the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF, IL-12, and IL-6) in monocytes bound to TLR”
From Serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) in neurological disorders: pain or gain (2024) · cites this paper as Zhou et al., 2015
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AGC Kinase Inhibitors Regulate STING Signaling Through SGK-Dependent and SGK-Independent MechanismsPreprint
Cabrera, J. C., Dang, H., Zhang, Z., Torres-Castillo, J. L., Li, K., Liu, P., Aubé, J., Damania, B., Hagan, R. S., & Baldwin, A. S. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4190671
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- Authors
- Zhou, H., Gao, S., Duan, X., Liang, S., Scott, D. A., Lamont, R. J., & Wang, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Louisville (US)
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3737-3749
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- PMC
- PMC4550376
- OpenAlex
- W1894200683
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01DE017680, DE017680, R01DE017921, R21DE023633, DE 011111, R37DE011111, DE 017921, DE023633, R01DE011111)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Keywords
- SGK1, Toll-like receptor signaling, innate immunity, inflammation, NF-κB signaling, TAK1, inflammatory cytokines, endotoxin, multiple organ failure, monocytes, neutrophil infiltration, anti-inflammatory targets
- MeSH terms
- MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 7, Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases, Animals, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Multiple Organ Failure, Cytokines, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Immediate-Early Proteins, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases, RNA, Small Interfering, Toll-Like Receptors, Mice, I-kappa B Kinase, Transcription Factor RelA
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