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Cited by 303Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionHormonal Regulation and Hypertension

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

High prevalence of cardiac and extracardiac target organ damage in refractory hypertension

Cuspidi, Cesare, Macca, Giuseppe, Sampieri, Lorena, Michev, Iassen, Salerno, Maurizio, Fusi, Veronica, Severgnini, Barbara, Meani, Stefano, Magrini, Fabio, Zanchetti, Alberto·2001·Journal of Hypertension
DOI 10.1097/00004872-200111000-00018
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Target organ damage (TOD) in chronically treated hypertensives is related to effective blood pressure (BP) control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cardiac and extracardiac TOD in patients with refractory hypertension (RH) compared with well-controlled treated hypertensives (C). METHODS: Fifty-four consecutive patients with RH (57 +/- 10 years), selected according to WHO/ISH guidelines definition, and 51 essential hypertensives (55 +/- 10 years) with satisfactory BP control obtained by association therapy, underwent the following procedures: (1) clinic BP measurement; (2) blood sampling for routine chemistry examinations; (3) 24 h urine collection for microalbuminuria; (4) non-mydriatic retinography; (5) echocardiogram; (6) carotid ultrasonogram. In order to exclude 'office resistance' (defined as clinic BP > 140/90 mmHg and average 24 h BP </= 125/79 mmHg), all patients with RH were subjected to 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. RESULTS: Both groups were similar for age, gender, body surface area, smoking habit and duration of hypertension, glucose, creatinine and lipid levels. By definition, clinic BP was significantly higher in RH than C (161 +/- 19/96 +/- 9 versus 127 +/- 6/80 +/- 5 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.01). The increased prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and carotid intima-media (IM) thickening (40 versus 12%, P < 0.01, according to a non-gender-specific partition value of 125 g/m2; and 36 versus 14%, P < 0.01, according to IM thickness > or =1.0 mm, respectively); a higher prevalence of carotid plaques (65 versus 32%, P < 0.05), a more advanced retinal involvement (grade II and III, 73 and 5% versus 38 and 0%, P < 0.01) and a greater albumin urinary excretion (22 +/- 32 mg/24 h versus 11 +/- 13 mg/24 h, P < 0.01) were found in RH compared to C. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that RH is a clinical condition associated with a high prevalence of TOD at cardiac, macro- and microvascular level and consequently with high absolute cardiovascular risk, which needs a particularly intensive therapeutic approach aimed to normalize BP levels and to induce TOD regression.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1097/00004872-200111000-00018

Cites

46 of 46 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Obesity, left ventricular hypertrophy, albuminuria, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, higher Framingham 10-year risk score, and obstructive sleep apnea are more common in resistant hypertension than non-resistant hypertension.

    “Obesity,39–41 left ventricular hypertrophy,42 albuminuria,14,43 diabetes mellitus,14,38,39 CKD,38,39,44 higher Framingham 10-year risk score,39 and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)45,46 are more common in RH than non-RH.”

    From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [42]

  • Physiological aberrations in resistant hypertension include vascular disease/dysfunction as evidenced by high rates of peripheral and carotid artery atherosclerosis, impaired endothelial function, reduced arterial compliance, and raised systemic vascular resistance, all of which may be more pronounced in resistant hypertension compared with non-resistant hypertension.

    “Physiological aberrations in RH include vascular disease/dysfunction as evidenced by high rates of peripheral39 and carotid artery atherosclerosis,42 impaired endothelial function,51,52 reduced arterial compliance, and raised systemic vascular resistance,40 all of which may be more pronounced in RH compared with non-RH.”

    From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [42]

Citations

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. &NA;, 1997, Arch Intern Med, 157, 2413, 10.1001/archinte.157.21.2413 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Mogensen, 1991, Adv Nephrol, 20, 191
  3. Hernandez-del Rey, 1998, Blood Press Monit, 3, 331
  4. 1999, J Hypertens, 17, 151
  5. Ciulla, 2000, Ital Heart J, 1, 233

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Metadata

Authors
Cuspidi, C., Macca, G., Sampieri, L., Michev, I., Salerno, M., Fusi, V., Severgnini, B., Meani, S., Magrini, F., & Zanchetti, A.
Affiliations
University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author
Cuspidi, Cesare
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2001-11
Volume
19
Issue
11
Pages
2063-2070
ISSN
0263-6352 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00004872-200111000-00018
OpenAlex
W2092430951
Cited by
303
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 34
FWCI
2.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
Keywords
resistant hypertension, target organ damage, left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid intima-media thickening, carotid plaque, retinal involvement, microalbuminuria, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, essential hypertension, blood pressure control, hypertension prevalence, echocardiography, retinal imaging, carotid ultrasound, 24-hour urine
MeSH terms
Albuminuria, Carotid Artery Diseases, Echocardiography, Humans, Hypertension, Retinal Diseases, Prevalence, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular

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