Somatic Effects of Predictable and Unpredictable Shock
Abstract
Four experiments examined the effects of stressor predictability on a variety of stress responses, such as stomach ulceration, plasma corticosterone concentration and body weight changes. Rats that received electric shocks unpredictably showed greater somatic stress reactions and more stress-induced pathology than animals that received the same shocks but could predict their occurrence by a signal. Subjects in the Unpredictable and Predictable shock conditions received shock simultaneously through fixed body electrodes wired in series, thus insuring that shock was always of exactly the same intensity and duration for the 2 groups. The results point up the importance of psychologic variables in affecting stress by showing that consequences of the same physical stressor can be markedly altered by psychologic factors such as predictability.
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There is an extensive body of evidence demonstrating the importance of both predictability and control in determining the behavioural and physiological effects of aversive stimuli.
“There is an extensive body of evidence demonstrating the importance of both predictability and control in determining the behavioural and physiological effects of aversive stimuli [55,56,57].”
From Effects of Regulating Visitor Viewing Proximity and the Intensity of Visitor Behaviour on Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor) Behaviour and Welfare (2019) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Weiss, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Rockefeller University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Weiss, Jay M.
- ORCID
- Weiss, Jay M.
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 1970-07
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 397-408
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2327517022
- Cited by
- 357
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- stressor predictability, psychosomatic stress response, gastric ulcer, plasma corticosterone, weight change, rats, electric shock stress
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Auditory Perception, Behavior, Animal, Body Temperature, Body Weight, Corticosterone, Defecation, Drinking Behavior, Electrodes, Electroshock, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Probability, Stomach, Stomach Ulcer, Stress, Psychological, Visual Perception, Rats
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