Cited by 77Influenza Virus Research StudiesGut microbiota and healthMicrobial infections and disease research

The administration of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine induces changes in the nasal microbiota and nasal epithelium gene expression profiles

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Tarabichi, Y., Li, K., Hu, S., Nguyen, C., Wang, X., Elashoff, D., Saira, K., Frank, Bryan +4 more·2015·Microbiome

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Viral infections such as influenza have been shown to predispose hosts to increased colonization of the respiratory tract by pathogenic bacteria and secondary bacterial pneumonia. To examine how viral infections and host antiviral immune responses alter the upper respiratory microbiota, we analyzed nasal bacterial composition by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing in healthy adults at baseline and at 1 to 2 weeks and 4 to 6 weeks following instillation of live attenuated influenza vaccine or intranasal sterile saline. A subset of these samples was submitted for microarray host gene expression profiling. RESULTS: We found that live attenuated influenza vaccination led to significant changes in microbial community structure, diversity, and core taxonomic membership as well as increases in the relative abundances of Staphylococcus and Bacteroides genera (both p < 0.05). Hypergeometric testing for the enrichment of gene ontology terms in the vaccinated group reflected a robust up-regulation of type I and type II interferon-stimulated genes in the vaccinated group relative to controls. Translational murine studies showed that poly I:C administration did in fact permit greater nasal Staphylococcus aureus persistence, a response absent in interferon alpha/beta receptor deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our findings demonstrate that although the human nasal bacterial community is heterogeneous and typically individually robust, activation of a type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response may foster the disproportionate emergence of potentially pathogenic species such as S. aureus. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov on 11/3/15, NCT02597647 .

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  1. [70]Mestecky, J. Mucosal immunology. 4th ed. Amsterdam: Academic Press; 2015.

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Authors
Tarabichi, Y., Li, K., Hu, S., Nguyen, C., Wang, X., Elashoff, D., Saira, K., Frank, B., Bihan, M., Ghedin, E., Methé, B. A., & Deng, J. C.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • J. Craig Venter Institute (US)
  • Southern Research Institute (US)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
  • Methé, Barbara A.
  • Deng, Jane C.
Venue
Microbiome
Published
2015-12
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
74-74
ISSN
2049-2618 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1125694555
Cited by
77
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6
FWCI
6.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Microbiome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (HHNS272200900007C)
  • National Institutes of Health (HL108949, T32HL072752)
  • National Institutes of Health/National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) UCLA CTSI (UL1TR000124)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
Keywords
live attenuated influenza vaccine, nasal microbiota, upper respiratory tract microbiome, type I interferon response, interferon-stimulated genes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides, bacterial colonization, IFNAR, poly(I:C), host-virus interaction
MeSH terms
Administration, Intranasal, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Bacteroides, Female, Humans, Influenza Vaccines, Interferon Type I, Male, Middle Aged, Nasal Mucosa, Poly I-C, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus, Vaccines, Attenuated, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Profiling, Mice, Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta, Young Adult, Microbiota, Healthy Volunteers

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