Temperature extremes and health: impacts of climate variability and change in the United States
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated temperature-related morbidity and mortality for the 2007 U.S. national assessment on impacts of climate change and variability on human health. METHODS: We assessed literature published since the 2000 national assessment, evaluating epidemiologic studies, surveys, and studies projecting future impacts. RESULTS: Under current climate change projections, heat waves and hot weather are likely to increase in frequency, with the overall temperature distribution shifting away from the colder extremes. Vulnerable subgroups include communities in the northeastern and Midwestern U.S.; urban populations, the poor, the elderly, children, and those with impaired health or limited mobility. CONCLUSIONS: Temperature extremes and variability will remain important determinants of health in the United States under climate change. Research needs include estimating exposure to temperature extremes; studying nonfatal temperature-related illness; uniform criteria for reporting heat-related health outcomes; and improving effectiveness of urban heat island reduction and extreme weather response plans.
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Children could be particularly at risk for negative health outcomes from rapid or delayed heatwaves.
“Children could be particularly at risk for negative health outcomes from rapid or delayed heatwaves.21”
From Climate change and child health: A scoping review and an expanded conceptual framework (2021) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- O’Neill, M. S., & Ebi, K. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- O’Neill, Marie S.
- Venue
- Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-25
- ISSN
- 1076-2752 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2032738961
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 132
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Keywords
- temperature extremes, climate change, climate variability, heat-related morbidity, heat-related mortality, heat waves, vulnerable populations, urban heat island, health impacts of climate change, United States
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollution, Climate, Cold Temperature, Environmental Exposure, Epidemiologic Methods, Health Status, Hot Temperature, Humans, Mortality, United States, Greenhouse Effect, Risk Assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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