Sarcopenic obesity in fatty liver
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steato hepatitis have an increasing prevalence among liver diseases. Overweight and obesity are frequently associated conditions in patients with fatty liver. Skeletal muscle mass depletion may also coexist with chronic liver disease even in obese patients. This review will focus on the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and fatty liver. RECENT FINDINGS: Obesity and sarcopenia are frequently encountered in patients with NAFLD. Adipose tissue is able to release molecules (adipokines) that regulate lipid metabolism, interact with insulin sensitivity and may contribute to induce fibrogenesis in the liver. Skeletal muscle tissue is able to secrete myokines regulating muscle metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Myokines perturbation has been reported to influence adipose tissue mass and fat deposition in the liver. Sarcopenia has been reported as independent risk factor for the development of NAFLD, and for a more severe liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. SUMMARY: The interaction between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the liver may play a role in the development of NAFLD. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are risk factors for the development of fatty liver and associated with more severe liver fibrosis. Management is not standardized, but dietary counseling and physical training have been proposed as promising strategies. Bariatric surgery may be considered in patients with severe 'resistant' obesity.
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Studies have shown high prevalence rates of sarcopenia in NAFLD patients.
“This is especially important in obese patients with NAFLD since those initially do not appear malnourished or sarcopenic; however, studies have shown high prevalence rates of sarcopenia also in NAFLD patients [112, 113].”
From Current treatment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
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Quint, E. E., Westenberg, L. B., Nieuwenhuijs‐Moeke, G. J., van den Broek, E. A. N., Zorgdrager, M., Viddeleer, A. R., Bakker, S. J. L., Nolte, I. M., van Londen, M., Pol, R. A., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Nephrology · doi:10.3389/fneph.2024.1467669 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sarcopenia as a Risk Factor for Mortality in NAFLD : How Should We Diagnose It?
Stankevicius, C., Davis, R. H., Huynh, D. K., Hatzi, M., Morgillo, S., & Day, A. S. (2024) · Journal of Digestive Diseases · doi:10.1111/1751-2980.13329 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Xu, M., Lin, Y., Yang, N., Li, J., Li, L., Ding, H., & Xu, C. (2024) · Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira · doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20230963 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ye, T., Mi, K., Zhu, L., Li, J. C., & Pan, C. Q. (2024) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000541650 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Therapeutic effects of chitin from Pleurotus eryngii on high-fat diet induced obesity in rats [pdf]
Huang, J., Zhangzhou, C., Zhangzhou, C., Zhangzhou, C., Wu, Q., Lin, Z., Liu, S., Su, Q., & Pan, Y. (2020) · Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria · doi:10.17306/j.afs.2020.0775
Li, Y., Feng, W., Sun, X., & Dong, Y. (2025) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104207
Jiang, W., Huang, S., Ma, S., Gong, Y., Fu, Z., Zhou, L., Hu, W., Mao, G., Ma, Z., Yang, L., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13710529
- Authors
- Merli, M., Lattanzi, B., & Aprile, F.
- Affiliations
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Merli, Manuela
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 185-190
- ISSN
- 1363-1950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2931516103
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 1.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- sarcopenic obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, sarcopenia, liver fibrosis, adipokines, myokines, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, insulin sensitivity, obesity, bariatric surgery, exercise training, nutrition counseling
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, Sarcopenia, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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