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Developmental origins of health and disease: a paradigm for understanding disease cause and prevention
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although diseases may appear clinically throughout the lifespan, it is clear that many diseases have origins during development. Altered nutrition, as well as exposure to environmental chemicals, drugs, infections, or stress during specific times of development, can lead to functional changes in tissues, predisposing those tissues to diseases that manifest later in life. This review will focus on the role of altered nutrition and exposures to environmental chemicals during development in the role of disease and dysfunction. RECENT FINDINGS: The effects of altered nutrition or exposure to environmental chemicals during development are likely because of altered programming of epigenetic marks, which persist across the lifespan. Indeed some changes can be transmitted to future generations. SUMMARY: The evidence in support of the developmental origins of the health and disease paradigm is sufficiently robust and repeatable across species, including humans, to suggest a need for greater emphasis in the clinical area. As a result of these data, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular morbidity, and neuropsychiatric diseases can all be considered pediatric diseases. Disease prevention must start with improved nutrition and reduced exposure to environmental chemicals during development.
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“Some of these effects may be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms.66,67”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [67]
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“Some of these effects may be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms.(66,67) Early stages of life, from embryonic development through adolescence, include the ages during which the development and the later plasticity capacity of neuronal circuits are formed, along with immune, stress response, and hormone regulation pathwa…”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Heindel, J. J., & Vandenberg, L. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Heindel, Jerrold J.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Pediatrics
- Published
- 2015-04
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 248-253
- ISSN
- 1040-8703 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4535724
- OpenAlex
- W2026835968
- Cited by
- 439
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99-ES999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Keywords
- developmental origins of health and disease, fetal programming, epigenetic modifications, environmental chemical exposure, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, disease prevention, childhood diseases
- MeSH terms
- Child, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Male, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Public Health, Epigenomics, Gene-Environment Interaction
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