Attachment anxiety, relationship context, and sleep in women with recurrent major depression
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between attachment anxiety, marital status, bed-partner status, and sleep in recurrently depressed women. METHODS: The current study measured polysomnography (PSG) and subjective sleep quality in 107 women with recurrent major depression. Women were categorized as high or low in attachment anxiety based on Bartholomew and Horowitz's Relationship Questionnaire (1991). RESULTS: There were no significant main or interaction effects of any of the relationship measures on subjective sleep quality. In contrast, PSG results indicated that women with bed partners displayed better sleep efficiency (p < .005). Marital status was also associated with sleep efficiency (p < .05), and married women displayed significantly shorter sleep latencies as compared with never married women (p < .05). Anxiously attached women displayed a reduced percentage of stage 3-4 sleep (p < .05). Moreover, a significant interaction between attachment anxiety and marital status (p < .05) suggested that anxiously attached women who were previously married (i.e., divorced, separated, or widowed) displayed a particularly low percentage of stage 3-4 sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Depressed women who exhibit an anxious attachment style and have experienced a marital rupture show reduced stage 3-4 sleep, which may signal a concomitant reduction in restorative cognitive and metabolic processes. Relationship context influences sleep continuity. These results provide a more nuanced approach to considering qualitative and structural aspects of relationships that may influence sleep.
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Relationship quality is an important predictor of sleep health, especially among women.
“For example, relationship quality has been shown to be an important predictor of sleep health, especially among women, and relationship quality may be an important moderator between sleep quality and health.241–244”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [244]
Relationship quality may be an important moderator between sleep quality and health.
“For example, relationship quality has been shown to be an important predictor of sleep health, especially among women, and relationship quality may be an important moderator between sleep quality and health.241–244”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [244]
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- Authors
- Troxel, W. M., Cyranowski, J. M., Hall, M., Frank, E., & Buysse, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Troxel, Wendy M.
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 692-699
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2723846
- OpenAlex
- W2044329302
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG019362, AG19362)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL076852=076858, R24HL076852)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-49115, R01MH024652, MH-64144, MH 24652, K01MH064144, R01MH049115, T32MH016804, R37MH024652)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000056, RR 00056)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- attachment anxiety, recurrent major depressive disorder, women, sleep, marital status, bed partners, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, relationship context, subjective sleep quality
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Sleep, Polysomnography, Marital Status
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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