Sex differences in neurodevelopmental disorders

What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Loomes, R., Hull, L., & Mandy, W. P. L. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.013 · Cited by 2,804 · see citing works

Why are autism spectrum conditions more prevalent in males?

Baron-Cohen, S., Lombardo, M. V., Auyeung, B., Ashwin, E., Chakrabarti, B., & Knickmeyer, R. (2011) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001081 · Cited by 754 · see citing works

The art of camouflage: Gender differences in the social behaviors of girls and boys with autism spectrum disorder

Dean, M., Harwood, R., & Kasari, C. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316671845 · Cited by 566 · see citing works

The Health and Well-Being of Transgender High School Students: Results From the New Zealand Adolescent Health Survey (Youth'12)

Clark, T. C., Lucassen, M. F. G., Bullen, P., Denny, S. J., Fleming, T. M., Robinson, E. M., & Rossen, F. V. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.11.008 · Cited by 528 · see citing works

Autism Spectrum Disorders in Gender Dysphoric Children and Adolescents

de Vries, A. L. C., Noens, I. L. J., Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T., van Berckelaer‐Onnes, I. A., & DORELEIJERS, T. A. H. (2010) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-0935-9 · Cited by 518 · see citing works

Sex differences in autism spectrum disorder: a review

Ferri, S. L., Abel, T., & Brodkin, E. S. (2018) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0874-2 · Cited by 392 · see citing works

Testing the Empathizing–Systemizing theory of sex differences and the Extreme Male Brain theory of autism in half a million people

Greenberg, D. M., Warrier, V., Allison, C. L., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1811032115 · Cited by 338 · see citing works

Increased Gender Variance in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Strang, J. F., Kenworthy, L. E., Dominska, A., Sokoloff, J. L., Kenealy, L. E., Berl, M. M., Walsh, K. S., Menvielle, E. J., Slesaransky-Poe, G., Kim, K.-E., et al. (2014) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0285-3 · Cited by 282 · see citing works

Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females

Hull, L., Mandy, W., & Petrides, K. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316669087 · Cited by 254 · see citing works

Prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang, T., Liu, K., Li, Z., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Shi, W., & Chen, L. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1187-9 · Cited by 251 · see citing works

Polycystic ovary syndrome and psychiatric disorders: Co-morbidity and heritability in a nationwide Swedish cohort

Cesta, C. E., Månsson, M., Palm, C., Lichtenstein, P., Iliadou, A. N., & Landén, M. (2016) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.08.005 · Cited by 217 · see citing works

A Genetic Investigation of Sex Bias in the Prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Martin, J., Walters, R. K., Demontis, D., Mattheisen, M., Lee, S., Robinson, E., Brikell, I., Ghirardi, L., Larsson, H., Lichtenstein, P., et al. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.026 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

Sex differences in psychiatric disorders: what we can learn from sex chromosome aneuploidies

Green, T., Flash, S., & Reiss, A. L. (2018) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-018-0153-2 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Placental H3K27me3 establishes female resilience to prenatal insults

Nugent, B. M., O’Donnell, C. M., Epperson, C. N., & Bale, T. L. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04992-1 · Cited by 150 · see citing works

ALL OUR SONS: THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY AND NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY OF BOYS AT RISK

Schore, A. N. (2017) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.21616 · Cited by 144 · see citing works

‘I was just so different’: The experiences of women diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder in adulthood in relation to gender and social relationships

Kanfiszer, L., Davies, F., & Collins, S. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316687987 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Polycystic ovary syndrome and autism: A test of the prenatal sex steroid theory

Cherskov, A., Pohl, A. L., Allison, C. L., Zhang, H., Payne, R., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2018) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-018-0186-7 · Cited by 114 · see citing works

Sex differences in ADHD trajectories across childhood and adolescence

Murray, A. L., Booth, T., Eisner, M., Bonnie Auyeung, B., Murray, G. C., & Ribeaud, D. (2018) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12721 · Cited by 114 · see citing works

“Gender Dysphoria” and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Is the Link Real?

Turban, J. L., & van Schalkwyk, G. I. (2018) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.08.017 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Autism spectrum disorder: updated prevalence and comparison of two birth cohorts in a nationally representative Australian sample

May, T., Sciberras, E., Brignell, A., & Williams, K. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015549 · Cited by 97 · see citing works

Gender variance in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder from the National Database for Autism Research

May, T., Pang, K. C., & Williams, K. J. (2016) · International Journal of Transgenderism · doi:10.1080/15532739.2016.1241976 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autoimmune diseases are modified by sex: a population-based cross-sectional study

Hegvik, T.-A., Instanes, J. T., Haavik, J., Klungsøyr, K., & Engeland, A. (2018) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-017-1056-1 · Cited by 79 · see citing works

Is There a Female Protective Effect Against Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder? Evidence From Two Representative Twin Samples

Taylor, M. J., Lichtenstein, P., Larsson, H., Anckarsäter, H. S., Greven, C. U., & Ronald, A. (2016) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.04.004 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Revisiting the Link: Evidence of the Rates of Autism in Studies of Gender Diverse Individuals

Strang, J. F., Janssen, A. C., Tishelman, A. C., Leibowitz, S. F., Kenworthy, L. E., McGuire, J. K., Edwards-Leeper, L. A., Mazefsky, C. A., Rofey, D. L., Bascom, J., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.04.023 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

A Prospective Birth Cohort Study on Early Childhood Lead Levels and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: New Insight on Sex Differences

Ji, Y.-L., Hong, X., Wang, G.-Y., Chatterjee, N., Riley, A., Lee, L.-C., Surkan, P., Bartell, T. R., Zuckerman, B., & Wang, X.-B. (2018) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.03.076 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

Gender Variance and the Autism Spectrum: An Examination of Children Ages 6–12 Years

Nabbijohn, A. N., van der Miesen, A. I. R., Santarossa, A., Peragine, D. E., de Vries, A. L. C., Popma, A., Lai, M., & VanderLaan, D. P. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3843-z · Cited by 56 · see citing works

Brief Report: Gender and Age of Diagnosis Time Trends in Children with Autism Using Australian Medicare Data

May, T., & Williams, K. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3609-7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Proband and Familial Autoimmune Diseases Are Associated With Proband Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Spann, M. N., Timonen‐Soivio, L., Suominen, A., Cheslack‐Postava, K., McKeague, I. W., Sourander, A., & Brown, A. S. (2019) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.444 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Evening salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase at 14 months and neurodevelopment at 4 years: Sex differences

Andiarena, A., Balluerka, N., Murcia, M., Ibarluzea, J. M., Glover, V. A. S., & Vegas, Ó. (2017) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.07.008 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Maternal immune activation and neuroinflammation in human neurodevelopmental disorders

Han, V. X., Patel, S., Jones, H. F., & Dale, R. C. (2021) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-021-00530-8 · Cited by 683 · see citing works

Male sex bias in early and late onset neurodevelopmental disorders: Shared aspects and differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder, and Schizophrenia

Santos, S., Ferreira, H., Martins, J., Gonçalves, J., & Castelo-Branco, M. S. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104577 · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Sex differences in the epilepsies and associated comorbidities: implications for use and development of pharmacotherapies

Christian, C. A., Reddy, D. S., Maguire, J., & Forcelli, P. A. (2020) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.119.017392 · Cited by 105 · see citing works

Sex Differences in the Gut-Brain Axis: Implications for Mental Health

Holingue, C., Budavari, A. C., Rodriguez, K. M., Zisman, C. R., Windheim, G., & Fallin, M. D. (2020) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01202-y · Cited by 85 · see citing works

Fetal brain and placental programming in maternal obesity: A review of human and animal model studies

Shook, L. L., Kışlal, S., & Edlow, A. G. (2020) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.5724 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

Prenatal exposure to bisphenols and cognitive function in children at 7 years of age in the Swedish SELMA study

Bornehag, C., Engdahl, E., Hallerbäck, M. U., Wikström, S., Lindh, C. H., Rüegg, J., Tanner, E. M., & Gennings, C. (2021) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106433 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

Sex differences in antioxidant defence and the regulation of redox homeostasis in physiology and pathology

Tiberi, J., Cesarini, V., Stefanelli, R., Canterini, S., Fiorenza, M. T., & Rosa, P. L. (2023) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2023.111802 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Association between greenness surrounding schools and kindergartens and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children in China

Yang, B.-Y., Zeng, X.-W., Markevych, I., Bloom, M. S., Heinrich, J., Knibbs, L. D., Dharmage, S. C., Lin, S., Jalava, P., Guo, Y., et al. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17862 · Cited by 65 · see citing works

Sex-biased impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals on behavioral development and vulnerability to disease: Of mice and children

Palanza, P., Paterlini, S., Brambilla, M., Ramundo, G., Caviola, G., Gioiosa, L., Parmigiani, S., Saal, F. S. V., & Ponzi, D. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.015 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

Sex difference of pre- and post-natal exposure to six developmental neurotoxicants on intellectual abilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies

Goodman, C. V., Green, R. R., DaCosta, A., Flora, D. B., Lanphear, B. P., & Till, C. (2023) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-023-01029-z · Cited by 52 · see citing works

Genetics and Epigenetics of One-Carbon Metabolism Pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Sex-Specific Brain Epigenome?

Tisato, V., Silva, J. A., Longo, G., Gallo, I., Singh, A. V., Milani, D., & Gemmati, D. (2021) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes12050782 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

In Utero Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 and Offspring Neurodevelopment Through Age 24 Months

Greenwood, E. A., Huddleston, H. G., Lindquist, K. J., Wu, A. H. B., Bishop, S. L., Kim, Y.-S., Kaing, A., Prahl, M. K., Gaw, S. L., Corley, J., et al. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39792 · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Prevalence, comorbidities, and profiles of neurodevelopmental disorders according to the DSM-5-TR in children aged 6 years old in a European region

Francés, L., Ruiz, A., Soler, C. V., Francés, J., Caules, J., Amaia Hervas, G., Carretero, C., Cardona, B., Quezada, E. M., Fernández, A., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1260747 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Early manifestations of genetic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders

Askeland, R. B., Hannigan, L. J., Ask, H., Ayorech, Z., Tesli, M., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, P. M., Njølstad, P. R., Andreassen, O. A., Smith, G. D., et al. (2021) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13528 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Burden and trends of mental disorders in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Deng, Y., Sun, S., Wu, S., Chen, K., Liu, Y., Wei, W., Bei, N., Qiu, C., & Li, X. (2023) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-023-02594-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Research advances and future directions in female ADHD: the lifelong interplay of hormonal fluctuations with mood, cognition, and disease

Kooij, J. J. S., de Jong, M., Agnew‐Blais, J. C., Amoretti, S., Madsen, K. B., Barclay, I., Bölte, S., Skoglund, C. B., Broughton, T., Carucci, S., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Global Women s Health · doi:10.3389/fgwh.2025.1613628 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Sex‐related differences among individuals assessed for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Canada

Flannigan, K., Poole, N., Cook, J. L., & Unsworth, K. (2023) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15017 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Moderate Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnant Mice Results in Behavioral Alterations in Offspring with Sex-Specific Changes in Methyl Metabolism

Cosín‐Tomás, M., Luan, Y., Leclerc, D., Malysheva, O., Lauzon, N., Bahous, R. H., Christensen, K. E., Caudill, M. A., & Rozen, R. R. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12061716 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Prenatal caffeine exposure: association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in 9‐ to 11‐year‐old children

Zhang, R., Manza, P., & Volkow, N. D. (2021) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13495 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Behavioral Health Diagnoses in Youth with Differences of Sex Development or Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Compared with Controls: A PEDSnet Study

Sewell, R. L., Buchanan, C., Davis, S., Christakis, D., Dempsey, A. F., Furniss, A., Kazak, A. E., Kerlek, A. J., Magnusen, B., Pajor, N. M., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.08.066 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

A comprehensive approach to modeling maternal immune activation in rodents

Bucknor, M. C., Gururajan, A., Dale, R. C., & Hofer, M. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.1071976 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Recommendations, guidelines, and best practice for the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells for neuropharmacological studies of neuropsychiatric disorders

Polit, L. D., Eidhof, I., McNeill, R. V., Warre-Cornish, K. M., Ohki, C. M. Y., Walter, N. M., Sala, C., Verpelli, C., Radtke, F., Galderisi, S., et al. (2023) · Neuroscience Applied · doi:10.1016/j.nsa.2023.101125 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Serotonin sensing by microglia conditions the proper development of neuronal circuits and of social and adaptive skills

Albertini, G., D’Andrea, I., Druart, M., Béchade, C., Nieves-Rivera, N., Etienne, F., Magueresse, C. L., Rebsam, A., Heck, N., Maroteaux, L., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02048-5 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

The prevalence of developmental coordination disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Li, H., Ke, X., Huang, D., Xu, X., Tian, H., Gao, J., Jiang, C., & Song, W. (2024) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1387406 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Sex differences in the course of autistic and co-occurring psychopathological symptoms in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder

Horwitz, E., Vos, M., de Bildt, A. A., Greaves‐Lord, K., Rommelse, N. N. J., Schoevers, R. A., & Hartman, C. A. (2023) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613221146477 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

The association between thyroid function biomarkers and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Albrecht, D., Ittermann, T., Thamm, M., Grabe, H. J., Bahls, M., & Völzke, H. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75228-w · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Prenatal and perinatal exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-contaminated drinking water impacts offspring neurobehavior and development

Marchese, M. J., Zhu, T., Hawkey, A. B., Wang, K. L., Yuan, E., Wen, J., Be, S. E., Levin, E. D., & Feng, L. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170459 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Themes and Trends of the Co-Occurrence of Autism and ADHD

Liu, A., Lu, Y., Gong, C., Sun, J., Wang, B., & Jiang, Z. (2023) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s404801 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Associations between Chronic Pain and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Youth: A Scoping Review

Battison, E., Brown, P. C. M., Holley, A. L., & Wilson, A. C. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10010142 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites regulate neuronal morphogenesis in vitro

Souza, F. D. C., Grodzki, A. C., Morgan, R. K., Zhang, Z., Taha, A. Y., & Lein, P. J. (2023) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105506 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

The impact of maternal immune activation on embryonic brain development

McEwan, F., Glazier, J. D., & Hager, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1146710 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Large-scale analysis reveals racial disparities in the prevalence of ADHD and conduct disorders

Shalaby, N., Sengupta, S., & Williams, J. B. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-75954-5 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

How children with neurodevelopmental disorders can benefit from the neurocognitive effects of exercise

Ludyga, S., Pühse, U., Gerber, M., & Kamijo, K. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.039 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Prenatal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Cerebral Palsy

Zhang, Y., Hu, Y., Talarico, R., Qiu, X.-Y., Schwartz, J., Fell, D., Oskoui, M., Lavigne, É., & Messerlian, C. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.20717 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Strain differences in behaviour and immunity in aged mice: Relevance to Autism

O’Connor, R., van de Wouw, M., Moloney, G. M., Ventura‐Silva, A. P., O’Riordan, K. J., Golubeva, A. V., Dinan, T. G., Schellekens, H., & Cryan, J. F. (2020) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113020 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Maternal exposure to a human based mixture of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) affect gene expression related to brain function in mice offspring hippocampus

Myhre, O., Zimmer, K. E., Hudecova, A. M., Hansen, K. E. A., Khezri, A., Berntsen, H. F., Berg, V., Lyche, J. L., Mandal, S., Duale, N., et al. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130123 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Measures of Brain Connectivity and Cognition by Sex in US Children

Tomasi, D. G., & Volkow, N. D. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0157 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Measurement bias in caregiver‐report of early childhood behavior problems across demographic factors in an ECHO‐wide diverse sample

Zheng, S., Mansolf, M. A., McGrath, M., Churchill, M. L., Bekelman, T. A., Brennan, P. A., Margolis, A. E., Nozadi, S. S., Bastain, T. M., Elliott, A. J., et al. (2023) · JCPP Advances · doi:10.1002/jcv2.12198 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Toward a Multidimensional Understanding of Misophonia Using Cluster-Based Phenotyping

Norris, J. E., Kimball, S. H., Nemri, D. C., & Ethridge, L. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.832516 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Prenatal metal mixtures and sex-specific infant negative affectivity

Cowell, W., Colicino, E., Levin‐Schwartz, Y., Enlow, M. B., Amarasiriwardena, C. J., Andra, S. S., Gennings, C., Wright, R. O., & Wright, R. J. (2021) · Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ee9.0000000000000147 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Comparison of the Metabolic Profiles in the Plasma and Urine Samples Between Autistic and Typically Developing Boys: A Preliminary Study

Xu, X., Cai, X., Meng, F., Song, T.-J., Wang, X., Wei, Y.-Z., Zhai, F.-J., Long, B., Wang, J., You, X., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657105 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Impacts of Gestational FireMaster 550 Exposure on the Neonatal Cortex Are Sex Specific and Largely Attributable to the Organophosphate Esters

Witchey, S. K., Doyle, M. G., Fredenburg, J. D., Armour, G. S., Horman, B. M., Odenkirk, M. T., Aylor, D. L., Baker, E. S., & Patisaul, H. B. (2022) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000526959 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Sex-specific associations between maternal phthalate exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children at 2 years of age in the APrON cohort

Dewey, D., Martin, J. W., MacDonald, A. M., Kinniburgh, D. W., Letourneau, N. L., Giesbrecht, G. F., Field, C. J., Bell, R. C., & England-Mason, G. (2023) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2023.07.005 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

The Phenotypic and Genotypic Spectrum of CSF1R ‐Related Disorder in China

Wu, J., Cheng, X., Ji, D., Niu, H., Yao, S., Lv, X., Wang, J., Li, Z., Zheng, H., Cao, Y., et al. (2024) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.29764 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

ADHD and Neurodegenerative Disease Risk: A Critical Examination of the Evidence

Becker, S., Sharma, M. J., & Callahan, B. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.826213 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction

Qin, Q., Fan, L., Zeng, X., Zheng, D., Wang, H., Li, M., Jiang, Y., Wang, H., Liu, H., Liang, S., et al. (2025) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-025-03250-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works

The mediating role of psychological flexibility in the association of autistic-like traits with burnout and depression in medical students during clinical clerkships in Japan: a university-based cross-sectional study

Watanabe, T., & Akechi, T. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04811-y · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Statistical analysis of childhood and early adolescent externalizing behaviors in a middle low income country

Bishop, S. A., Okagbue, H. I., & Odukoya, J. A. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03377 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Synergic interaction between ritodrine and magnesium sulfate on the occurrence of critical neonatal hyperkalemia: A Japanese nationwide retrospective cohort study

Yada, Y., Ohkuchi, A., Otsuki, K., Goishi, K., Takahashi, M., Yonemoto, N., Saito, S., Kusuda, S., The Survey Group Studying the Effects of Tocolytic Agents on Neonatal Adverse Events in Japan Society of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Ota, H., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64687-w · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Sex-biased gene expression during neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells

Pottmeier, P., Nikolantonaki, D., Lanner, F., Peuckert, C., & JAZIN, E. E. (2024) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2024.1341373 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

The epidemiology of cognitive development

Guez, A., Peyre, H., Williams, C. M., Labouret, G., & Ramus, F. (2020) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104690 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

How does genetic variation modify ND-CNV phenotypes?

Dinneen, T. J., Ghrálaigh, F. N., Walsh, R., Lopez, L. M., & Gallagher, L. (2021) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2021.07.006 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

The role of neuroactive steroids in tic disorders

Branca, C., & Bortolato, M. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105637 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Association between type 1 diabetes and neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xie, X., Lei, X., Xiao, C.-Y., Li, Y., & Lei, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982696 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of 3-Year-Old Children Exposed to Maternal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Utero

Shook, L. L., Castro, V. M., Ibanez-Pintor, L. C., Perlis, R. H., & Edlow, A. G. (2025) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000006112 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Estrogen Receptor β as a Candidate Regulator of Sex Differences in the Maternal Immune Activation Model of ASD

Arnold, M. L., & Saijo, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2021.717411 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Effect of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on neurodevelopment: Evidence-based risk assessment in the TRAEC strategy context

Ning, J., Ding, C., Xu, H., Liu, Z., Guan, Q., Xia, Y., & Xu, Q. (2024) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.109003 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Childhood development of brain white matter myelin: a longitudinal T1w/T2w-ratio study

Dipnall, L. M., Yang, J., Chen, J., Fuelscher, I., Craig, J. M., & Silk, T. (2023) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-023-02718-8 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Impact of Preterm Birth on Neurodevelopmental Disorders in South Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Cha, J. H., Ahn, J., Kim, Y. J., Lee, B. G., Kim, J. I., Park, H., Kim, B.-N., & Lee, H. J. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11092476 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Moderate Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnant Mice Results in Altered Methyl Metabolism and in Sex‐Specific Placental Transcription Changes

Luan, Y., Leclerc, D., Cosín‐Tomás, M., Malysheva, O., Wasek, B. L., Bottiglieri, T., Caudill, M. A., & Rozen, R. R. (2021) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202100197 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Review of neurodevelopmental disorders in patients with HNF1B gene variations

Nittel, C. M., Dobelke, F., König, J. C., Konrad, M., Becker, K., Kamp‐Becker, I., & Weber, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1149875 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Risk of neurodegenerative disease or dementia in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review

Becker, S., Chowdhury, M., Tavilsup, P., Seitz, D. P., & Callahan, B. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1158546 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Placental Changes and Neuropsychological Development in Children—A Systematic Review

Lodefalk, M., Chelslín, F., Karlsson, J. P., & Hansson, S. R. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12030435 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

The risk of prenatal bisphenol A exposure in early life neurodevelopment: Insights from epigenetic regulation

Nayan, N. M., Husin, A., & Siran, R. (2024) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106120 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Comprehensive somatosensory and neurological phenotyping of NCS1 knockout mice

Nguyen, L. D., Nolte, L., Tan, W. J. T., Giuvelis, D., Santos‐Sacchi, J., Bilsky, E. J., & Ehrlich, B. E. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81650-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and placental function: Impact on fetal brain development

Marinello, W. P., & Patisaul, H. B. (2021) · Advances in pharmacology · doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2021.04.003 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Maternal Inflammatory Biomarkers during Pregnancy and Early Life Neurodevelopment in Offspring: Results from the VDAART Study

Kelly, R. S., Lee‐Sarwar, K. A., Chen, Y., Laranjo, N., Fichorova, R. N., Chu, S. H., Prince, N., Lasky-Su, J. A., Weiss, S. T., & Litonjua, A. A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232315249 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Neurodevelopment of children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected in Kenya

Bulterys, M. A., Njuguna, I. N., King’e, M., Chebet, D. J., Moraa, H., Gómez, L., Onyango, A., Malavi, K., Nzia, G., Chege, M. W., et al. (2023) · Journal of the International AIDS Society · doi:10.1002/jia2.26149 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Saliva nitrite is higher in male children with autism spectrum disorder and positively correlated with serum nitrate

Yao, L., Fu, H., Bai, L., Deng, W., Xie, F., Li, Y., Zhang, R., Xu, X., Wang, T., Lai, S., et al. (2021) · Redox Report · doi:10.1080/13510002.2021.1959133 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Effect of parental absence during infancy and early childhood on cognition and depression in later life: A national household longitudinal study

Yang, J., Zhang, Q., Li, J., Guan, S., Wang, K., Xu, H., & Liu, Z. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.113 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Sex effects on gene expression across the human cerebral cortex at cell type resolution

DeCasien, A. R., Auluck, P. K., Liu, S., Feng, N., Elkahloun, A. G., Xu, Q., Marenco, S., Cookson, M., & Raznahan, A. (2026) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aea9063 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Impact of consuming a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy on neurodevelopmental disabilities in offspring: results from the Boston Birth Cohort.

Che, X., Gross, S. M., Wang, G., Hong, X., Pearson, C., Bartell, T. R., & Wang, X. (2023) · PubMed Central · doi:10.1097/pn9.0000000000000047 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Are we getting better at identifying and diagnosing neurodivergent girls and women? Insights into sex ratios and age of diagnosis from clinical population data in Scotland

Maciver, D., Singh-Roy, A., Johnston, L., Boilson, M., Curnow, E., Johnstone-Cooke, V., & Rutherford, M. (2025) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613251383343 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Murine maternal microbiome modifies adverse effects of protein undernutrition on offspring neurobehaviour

Coley, E. J. L., Lum, G. R., Pronovost, G. N., Yu, L. W., Özcan, E., Yu, K. B., McDermott, J., Chakhoyan, A., Goldman, E., Vuong, H. E., et al. (2025) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02022-7 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Evolutionary divergence between homologous X–Y chromosome genes shapes sex-biased biology

DeCasien, A. R., Tsai, K., Liu, S., Thomas, A. G., & Raznahan, A. (2025) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-024-02627-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Neutrophil infiltration and microglial shifts in sepsis induced preterm brain injury: pathological insights

Zhu, J., He, T., Huang, Z., Yu, W., Lu, J.-N., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Dong, H., Xu, Y., Wang, X., et al. (2025) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-025-02002-2 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

The contribution of Xp22.31 gene dosage to Turner and Klinefelter syndromes and sex-biased phenotypes

Davies, W. (2021) · European Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104169 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Association between maternal polycystic ovary syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring aged 3–6 years: A Chinese population-based study

Zhang, Y., Lu, D., Guo, V. Y., Wang, Y., Qiu, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Chen, W., Wang, B., & Yang, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1032315 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Risk factors for perinatal stroke in term infants: A case–control study in Australia

Roy, B., Webb, A., Walker, K., Morgan, C., Badawi, N. A., & Novak, I. (2023) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/jpc.16372 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Differential effects of antiretroviral drug toxicity in male versus female children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected

Gilmore, J. C., Serghides, L., & Bendayan, R. (2020) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000002707 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Age-differential sexual dimorphism in CHD8-S62X-mutant mouse behaviors

Lee, S. Y., Kweon, H., Kang, H., & Kim, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.1022306 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Sex-specific differences in KCC2 localisation and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus

Wolf, D. C., Sanon, N. T., Cunha, A. O. S., Chen, J., Shaker, T., Elhassan, A.-R., do Nascimento, A. S. F., Cristo, G. D., & Weil, A. G. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06769-5 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Combined metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction in pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders

Wang, Q., Luo, Y., Mao, C., Xiang, X., & Chen, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1645137 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Microglia alter sex-specific cerebellar myelination following placental hormone loss

Salzbank, J., Lacaille, H., Gaby, J., O’Reilly, J. J., Kissner, M. D., Vacher, C., & Penn, A. A. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-64814-z · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Based Models for Studying Sex-Specific Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Kiris, E. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/5584_2021_683 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Perinatal serotonergic manipulation shapes anhedonic and cognitive behaviors in a sex- and age-dependent manner: Identification of related biological functions at central and peripheral level

Gallo, M. T., Brivio, P., Dolci, B., Fumagalli, F., & Calabrese, F. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.016 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Atteintes Neurodéveloppementales, Comorbidités Psychiatriques Et Pathologies Associées Chez Des Patients Atteints de Schizophrénie Très Précoce Avec Symptômes Autistiques Prémorbides.

Fernandez, A., Pasquet-Levy, M., Laure, G., Thümmler, S., & Askenazy-Gittard, F. (2021) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743721990822 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Differences in Psychiatric Comorbidities and Gender Distribution among Three Clusters of Personality Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Hsu, C., Wang, L., Lin, P., Hung, C., Yang, Y., Chen, Y.-M., & Kao, H. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10153294 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Sex differences in gene regulatory networks during mid-gestational brain development

de Toledo, V. H. C., Feltrin, A. S., Barbosa, A. D. L., Tahira, A. C., & Brentani, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.955607 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Latent Childhood Exposure to Mixtures of Metals and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in 4–5-Year-Old Children Living in Spain

Notario-Barandiarán, L., Coto, S. D., Jimenez-Redondo, N., Guxens, M., Vrijheid, M., Andiarena, A., Irizar, A., Galán, I. R., Fernández‐Somoano, A., Llop, S., et al. (2023) · Exposure and Health · doi:10.1007/s12403-023-00610-8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Understanding and harnessing differences in women with ADHD: A qualitative study

Bradley, S., Parzych, I., Platts, J., & Powell, L. (2025) · Neurodiversity · doi:10.1177/27546330251317199 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Recapitulation and reversal of neuropsychiatric phenotypes in a mouse model of human endogenous retrovirus type W expression

Herrero, F., Heeb, C., Meier, M. G., Lin, H.-Y., Mueller, F. S., Schalbetter, S. M., Gruchot, J., Weber‐Stadlbauer, U., Notter, T., Perron, H., et al. (2025) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-025-02955-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Associations of prenatal glyphosate exposure with child neurodevelopment in a Canadian pregnancy cohort study

Hall, M., Ashley‐Martin, J., Till, C., Hu, J. M. Y., Lanphear, B. P., Curl, C. L., Arbuckle, T. E., Boivin, M., Booij, L., Muckle, G., et al. (2025) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2025.109480 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Findings of a Multidisciplinary Assessment of Children Referred for Possible Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from a Retrospective Chart Review Study

Alenezi, S., Alkhiri, A., Hassanin, W., AlHarbi, A., Assaf, M. A., Alzunaydi, N., Alsharif, S., Alhaidar, M., Alnujide, A., Alkathiri, F., et al. (2022) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs12120509 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Sex Differences and Behavioral Associations with Typically Developing Pediatric Regional Cerebellar Gray Matter Volume

Rice, L. C., Rochowiak, R., Plotkin, M. R., Rosch, K. S., Mostofsky, S. H., & Crocetti, D. (2023) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-023-01569-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Expanded phenotypic spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder Bryant-Li-Bhoj syndrome with 38 additional individuals

Layo-Carris, D. E., Lubin, E. E., Sangree, A. K., Clark, K. J., Durham, E. L., Gonzalez, E. M., Smith, S. M., Angireddy, R., Wang, X. M., Weiss, E., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-024-01610-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Emerging evidence of context-dependent synapse elimination by phagocytes in the CNS

Shen, F.-S., Liu, C., Sun, H.-Z., Chen, X., Xue, Y., & Chen, L. (2024) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1093/jleuko/qiae098 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

The cumulative impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism and intellectual disability for young people

Hollingdale, J., Woodhouse, E., Tibber, M. S., Simonoff, E. A., Hollocks, M. J., & Charman, T. (2024) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/jir.13170 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Editorial: Autism Spectrum Disorders: Developmental Trajectories, Neurobiological Basis, Treatment Update

Canitano, R., & Bozzi, Y. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00125 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Neuroimmune and behavioral changes elicited by maternal immune activation in mice are ameliorated by early postnatal immune stimulation

Davis, L. K., Ince, L. M., Gullapalli, S., & Fonken, L. K. (2025) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2025.03.005 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

The effects of sex on prevalence and mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders

Nowak, S., & Jacquemont, S. (2020) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00025-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Male sex bias in early and late onset neurodevelopmental disorders: Shared aspects and differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder, and Schizophrenia

Santos, S., Ferreira, H., Martins, J., Gonçalves, J., & Castelo-Branco, M. S. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104577 · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Sex differences in autism spectrum disorder: a review

Ferri, S. L., Abel, T., & Brodkin, E. S. (2018) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0874-2 · Cited by 392 · see citing works

Supervisors

Austin, P. E., Banas, M. K., & Bates, T. C. (2013)

Differential patterns of diurnal cortisol by home and daycare chaos in young children

Duman, E. A., & Çorapçı, F. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.07.184 · Cited by 1 · see citing works