Actigraphy in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Undergoing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: An Open Label Pilot Study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on physical activity and sleep patterns in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) remain unclear. METHOD: We examined the effects of rTMS treatment on the rest-activity cycle and sleep disturbances in MDD. In this open-label pilot study, 14 patients with medication-resistant MDD underwent 10 rTMS sessions over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In addition to Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, waist actigraphy was used to evaluate alterations in the rest-activity cycle over the course of rTMS treatments. Actigraphic data were evaluated at baseline and in the first (rTMS sessions 1-3), second (rTMS sessions 4-7), and third (rTMS sessions 8-10) sections. RESULTS: Although Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were significantly improved by rTMS, sleep variables assessed by actigraphy did not show significant changes. However, post hoc tests indicated a significant increase in mean steps per day between the baseline and first section time points (P = 0.014; t13 = -2.316). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicated that a daytime physical activity response to rTMS occurred in early sessions, whereas subjective symptom improvements were consistent across all sessions. Future double-blind placebo-controlled studies assessing the effects of rTMS on the rest-activity cycle and sleep disturbances in MDD are warranted.
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Nishida et al. found that sleep variables assessed by actigraphy did not show significant changes in medication-resistant MDD patients during rTMS.
“Sleep variables assessed by actigraphy did not show significant changes.”
From A narrative review of digital biomarkers in the management of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant forms (2023) · cites this paper as [37]
In medication-resistant MDD patients, 10 rTMS sessions targeting the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex resulted in significant improvements in depression symptoms and sleep quality measured by rating scales.
“The results showed significant improvements in depression symptoms and sleep quality measured by rating scales”
From A narrative review of digital biomarkers in the management of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant forms (2023) · cites this paper as [37]
Nishida et al. found that a daytime physical activity response to rTMS occurred in early sessions.
“A daytime physical activity response to rTMS occurred in early sessions”
From A narrative review of digital biomarkers in the management of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant forms (2023) · cites this paper as [37]
In the same rTMS study, actigraphy-based sleep measures did not exhibit substantial changes.
“but actigraphy-based sleep measures did not exhibit substantial changes.”
From A narrative review of digital biomarkers in the management of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant forms (2023) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Nishida, M., Kikuchi, S., Nisijima, K., & Suda, S.
- Affiliations
- Jichi Medical University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Nishida, Masaki
- Kikuchi, Senichiro
- Nisijima, Koichi
- Suda, Shiro
- Venue
- The Journal of ECT
- Published
- 2017-03
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 36-42
- ISSN
- 1095-0680 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4112
- OpenAlex
- W2507470169
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 0.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Ect (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Jichi Medical University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, major depressive disorder, actigraphy, rest-activity cycle, sleep disorders, physical activity, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, treatment-resistant depression, step count
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Major Depressive Disorder, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sleep, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Actigraphy, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant
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