The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A simple visual system without neurons in jellyfish larvae
Open accessAbstract
Earlier detailed studies of cnidarian planula larvae have revealed a simple nervous system but no eyes or identifiable light sensing structures. Here, we describe the planula of a box jellyfish, Tripedalia cystophora, and report that these larvae have an extremely simple organization with no nervous system at all. Their only advanced feature is the presence of 10-15 pigment-cup ocelli, evenly spaced across the posterior half of the larval ectoderm. The ocelli are single cell structures containing a cup of screening pigment filled with presumably photosensory microvilli. These rhabdomeric photoreceptors have no neural connections to any other cells, but each has a well-developed motor-cilium, appearing to be the only means by which light can control the behaviour of the larva. The ocelli are thus self-contained sensory-motor entities, making a nervous system superfluous.
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“Such a transformation probably also happened in the case of photoreceptors, which started as cell-autonomous sensory-motor units [36,38,44] and evolved into sensory-motor neurons regulating ciliary bands (figure 2b).”
From Origin and early evolution of neural circuits for the control of ciliary locomotion (2011) · cites this paper as [38]
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On the Evolution of Photoreceptors and Eyes
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Eyes as optical alarm systems in fan worms and ark clams
Nilsson, D. (1994) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1994.0141 · Cited by 137
Localized expression of a dpp / BMP2 / 4 ortholog in a coral embryo
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Laska G., 1982, Morphologie und Ultrastruktur der Lichtsinnesorgan von Tripedalia cystophora Conant (Cnidaria, Cubozoa), Zool. Jb. Anat., 108, 107
- Okada Y. K., 1927, Note sur l'ontogenie de Carybdea rastonii, Bull. Biologique de la France, 61, 241
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Peterson, Y. K., & Luttrell, L. M. (2017) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.116.013367 · Cited by 447
Invertebrate neurophylogeny: suggested terms and definitions for a neuroanatomical glossary
Richter, S., Loesel, R., Purschke, G., Schmidt‐Rhaesa, A., Scholtz, G., Stach, T., Vogt, L., Wanninger, A., Brenneis, G., Döring, C., et al. (2010) · Frontiers in Zoology · doi:10.1186/1742-9994-7-29 · Cited by 334
Phototransduction and the Evolution of Photoreceptors
Fain, G., Hardie, R., & Laughlin, S. B. (2010) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.12.006 · Cited by 319
Mechanism of phototaxis in marine zooplankton
Jékely, G., Colombelli, J., Hausen, H., Guy, K., Stelzer, E., Nédélec, F., & Arendt, D. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07590 · Cited by 298
Metadata
- Authors
- Nordström, K., Wallén, Seymour, J., & Nilsson, D.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- James Cook University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Nilsson, D.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2003-11-22
- Volume
- 270
- Issue
- 1531
- Pages
- 2349-2354
- ISSN
- 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
- 0962-8452
- 1471-2954
- PMC
- PMC1691513
- OpenAlex
- W2018680074
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Keywords
- box jellyfish, Tripedalia cystophora, planula larvae, rhabdomeric photoreceptors, optical sensing, nervous system evolution, larval behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Larva, Microscopy, Electron, Pigments, Biological, Vision, Ocular, Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate, Scyphozoa
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