Lack of Reinfection in Rhesus Macaques Infected with SARS-CoV-2
Open accessAbstract
A global pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is ongoing spread. It remains unclear whether the convalescing patients have a risk of reinfection. Rhesus macaques were rechallenged with SARS-CoV-2 during an early recovery phase from initial infection characterized by weight loss, interstitial pneumonia and systemic viral dissemination mainly in respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. The monkeys rechallenged with the identical SARS-CoV-2 strain have failed to produce detectable viral dissemination, clinical manifestations and histopathological changes. A notably enhanced neutralizing antibody response might contribute the protection of rhesus macaques from the reinfection by SARS-CoV-2. Our results indicated that primary SARS-CoV-2 infection protects from subsequent reinfection. One Sentence Summary: Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 might protect rhesus macaques which have undergone an initial infection from reinfection during early recovery days.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In rhesus macaques, IC50 titers as low as 1:8 were associated with protection from re-infection, and IC50 titers as low as 1:50 were associated with reduced viral load and protection from lung pathology.
“In the former report, IC50 titers as low as 1:8 were associated with protection from re-infection while in the latter, IC50 titers as low as 1:50 were associated with reduced viral load and protection from lung pathology.”
From An <i>Alphavirus</i> -derived replicon RNA vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in mice and nonhuman primates (2020) · cites this paper as [51]
The ‘former report’ is this paper; the ‘latter’ finding is attributed to a different report and is not assessed here. In ‘SARS-CoV-2-infection protect monkeys from reinfection’ (page unavailable), the paper reports no detectable viral load after rechallenge and suggests neutralizing antibodies might protect against reinfection. Our copy does not establish the specific IC50 titer of 1:8; the Table 1 text is garbled. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model
Rockx, B., Kuiken, T., Herfst, S., Bestebroer, T., Lamers, M. M., Oude Munnink, B. B., de Meulder, D., van Amerongen, G., van den Brand, J., Okba, N. M. A., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb7314 · Cited by 901 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- N. Zhu et al., A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med, 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017 (2020). · DOI · Paper page
- L. Zhou, K. Liu, H. G. Liu, Cause analysis and treatment strategies of "recurrence" with novel coronavirus pneumonia (covid-19) patients after discharge from hospital. Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases 43, E028 (2020).
- J. An et al., Clinical characteristics of the recovered COVID-19 patients with re-detectable positive RNA test. medRxiv, 2020.2003.2026.20044222 (2020).
- F. Wu et al., Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a COVID-19 recovered patient cohort and their implications. medRxiv, 2020.2003.2030.20047365 (2020).
- medRxiv, 2020.2003.2018.20038059 (2020).
- S. Lu et al., Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infections among 3 species of non-human primates. bioRxiv, 2020.2004.2008.031807 (2020).
- V. J. Munster et al., Respiratory disease and virus shedding in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv, 2020.2003.2021.001628 (2020).
- B. N. Williamson et al., Clinical benefit of remdesivir in rhesus macaques infected with SARS- CoV-2. bioRxiv, 2020.2004.2015.043166 (2020).
- L. Bao et al., The Pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 Transgenic Mice. bioRxiv, 2020.2002.2007.939389 (2020).
- which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ziegler, C. G. K., Allon, S. J., Nyquist, S. K., Mbano, I. M., Miao, V. N., Tzouanas, C. N., Cao, Y., Yousif, A. S., Bals, J., Hauser, B. M., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.035 · Cited by 2,284 · see citing works
Self-citationSARS-CoV-2 vaccines in development
Krammer, F. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2798-3 · Cited by 2,098 · see citing works
Estimating the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in France
Salje, H., Tran Kiem, C., Lefrancq, N., Courtejoie, N., Bosetti, P., Paireau, J., Andronico, A., Hozé, N., Richet, J., Dubost, C.-L., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc3517 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model
Rockx, B., Kuiken, T., Herfst, S., Bestebroer, T., Lamers, M. M., Oude Munnink, B. B., de Meulder, D., van Amerongen, G., van den Brand, J., Okba, N. M. A., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb7314 · Cited by 901 · see citing works
Prospects for a safe COVID-19 vaccine
Haynes, B. F., Corey, L., Fernandes, P., Gilbert, P. B., Hotez, P. J., Rao, S., Santos, M. R., Schuitemaker, H., Watson, M., & Arvin, A. (2020) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abe0948 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Erasmus, J. H., Khandhar, A. P., O’Connor, M. A., Walls, A. C., Hemann, E. A., Murapa, P., Archer, J., Leventhal, S., Fuller, J. T., Lewis, T. B., et al. (2020) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abc9396 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Direct Observation of Repeated Infections With Endemic Coronaviruses
Galanti, M., & Shaman, J. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa392 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody responses are more robust in patients with severe disease
Wang, P., Liu, L., Nair, M. S., Yin, M. T., Luo, Y., Wang, Q., Yuan, T., Mori, K., Solis, A. G., Yamashita, M., et al. (2020) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1823890 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Serologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff with mild disease in eastern France
Fafi-Kremer, S., Bruel, T., Madec, Y., Grant, R., Tondeur, L., Grzelak, L., Staropoli, I., Anna, F., Souque, P., Fernandes-Pellerin, S., et al. (2020) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102915 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Current Status of COVID-19 Therapies and Drug Repositioning Applications
Altay, O., Mohammadi, E., Lam, S., Turkez, H., Boren, J., Nielsen, J., Uhlen, M., & Mardinoglu, A. (2020) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2020.101303 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
- Authors
- Bao, L., Deng, W., Gao, H., Xiao, C., Liu, J., Xue, J., Lv, Q., Liu, J., Yu, P., Xu, Y., Qi, F., Qu, Y., Li, F., Xiang, Z., Yu, H., Gong, S., Liu, M., Wang, G., Wang, S., Song, Z., Liu, Y., Zhao, W., Han, Y., Zhao, L., Liu, X., Wei, Q., & Qin, C.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Qin, Chuan
- ORCID
- Venue
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2020-03-14
- OpenAlex
- W3100347672
- Cited by
- 419
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 291
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, reinfection, rhesus monkeys, neutralizing antibodies, convalescence, drug rechallenge, humoral immunity, viral dissemination, interstitial lung disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
