Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model
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Abstract
Coronavirus in nonhuman primates: We urgently need vaccines and drug treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Even under these extreme circumstances, we must have animal models for rigorous testing of new strategies. Rockx et al. have undertaken a comparative study of three human coronaviruses in cynomolgus macaques: severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (2002), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)–CoV (2012), and SARS-CoV-2 (2019), which causes COVID-19 (see the Perspective by Lakdawala and Menachery). The most recent coronavirus has a distinct tropism for the nasal mucosa but is also found in the intestinal tract. Although none of the older macaques showed the severe symptoms that humans do, the lung pathology observed was similar. Like humans, the animals shed virus for prolonged periods from their upper respiratory tracts, and like influenza but unlike the 2002 SARS-CoV, this shedding peaked early in infection. It is this cryptic virus shedding that makes case detection difficult and can jeopardize the effectiveness of isolation. Science , this issue p. 1012 ; see also p. 942
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No other anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody yielded specific signal over controls.
“However, no other antibody–including those also used in recent publications9,30–yielded specific signal over controls.”
From Dysregulation of brain and choroid plexus cell types in severe COVID-19 (2021) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Rockx, B., Kuiken, T., Herfst, S., Bestebroer, T., Lamers, M. M., Oude Munnink, B. B., de Meulder, D., van Amerongen, G., van den Brand, J., Okba, N. M. A., Schipper, D., van Run, P., Leijten, L., Sikkema, R., Verschoor, E., Verstrepen, B., Bogers, W., Langermans, J., Drosten, C., Fentener van Vlissingen, M., Fouchier, R., de Swart, R., Koopmans, M., & Haagmans, B. L.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- Viroclinics Xplore, Schaijk, Netherlands.
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- Erasmus Laboratory Animal Science Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- Corresponding author
- Rockx, Barry
- Haagmans, Bart L.
- ORCID
- Rockx, Barry
- Kuiken, Thijs
- Herfst, Sander
- Lamers, Mart M.
- de Meulder, Dennis
- van den Brand, Judith
- Okba, Nisreen M. A.
- Schipper, Debby
- van Run, Peter
- Sikkema, Reina
- Verschoor, Ernst
- Verstrepen, Babs
- Bogers, Willy
- Langermans, Jan
- Drosten, Christian
- Fentener van Vlissingen, Martje
- Fouchier, Ron
- de Swart, Rik
- Koopmans, Marion
- Haagmans, Bart L.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2020-05-29
- Volume
- 368
- Issue
- 6494
- Pages
- 1012-1015
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC7164679
- OpenAlex
- W3017129059
- Cited by
- 901
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 144 · 2021: 285 · 2020: 296
- FWCI
- 26.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (184.034.010)
- National Institutes of Health (874735, HHSN272201400008C, H2020)
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101003651, 874735)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201400008C), 874735)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, nonhuman primate model, cynomolgus macaques, viral pathogenesis, alveolar type II cells, diffuse alveolar damage, viral shedding, ciliated epithelium, lung pathology
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Aging, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Lung, Macaca fascicularis, Pneumonia, Viral, Pulmonary Alveoli, Respiratory System, Virus Replication, Virus Shedding, Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Pandemics, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
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