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Cited by 269High-Energy Particle Collisions ResearchQuantum Chromodynamics and Particle InteractionsParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies

Signatures of quark-gluon plasma formation in high energy heavy-ion collisions: a critical review

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Bass, S A, Gyulassy, M, Stöcker, H, Greiner, W·1999·Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
DOI 10.1088/0954-3899/25/3/013
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Abstract

A critical review on signatures of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation is given and the current (1998) experimental status is discussed. After giving an introduction to the properties of QCD matter in both, equilibrium and non-equilibrium theories, we focus on observables which may yield experimental evidence for QGP formation. For each individual observable the discussion is divided into three sections: first the connection between the respective observable and QGP formation in terms of the underlying theoretical concepts is given, then the relevant experimental results are reviewed and finally the current status concerning the interpretation of both, theory and experiment, is discussed. A comprehensive summary including an outlook towards RHIC is given in the final section.

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Crossref · 10.1088/0954-3899/25/3/013

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  • Strangeness production through hadronic rescattering or final state interactions was estimated to be negligibly small.

    “Also strangeness production through hadronic rescattering or final state interactions was estimated to be negligibly small [133].”

    From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [133]

    The Discussion (p. 32) says hadronic models account for the observed kaon enhancement and attributes strangeness enhancement in a hadronic scenario to multistep excitation of resonances. Theoretical concepts (p. 31) also describes enhanced strangeness production during early hadronic reaction stages. The paper does not characterize hadronic production as negligibly small; its separate finding that hadronic strangeness equilibration is slow does not establish that claim. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Strangeness enhancement along with chemical equilibration are some of the earliest proposals for clear signatures of the formation of a QGP.

    “Strangeness enhancement along with chemical equilibration are some of the earliest proposals for clear signatures of the formation of a QGP [133].”

    From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [133]

    Theoretical concepts (pp. 30–31) describes predicted strangeness enhancement in a QGP and discusses chemical equilibration, supporting their characterization as proposed signatures. The copy does not establish that these were among the earliest proposals, and Discussion (p. 32) cautions that the relevant particle ratios provide little information about the early dense system, so calling them clear signatures overstates the review. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The strangeness equilibration time in a hot QGP is of the same order as the expected lifetime of the QGP (∼10 fm/c) produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions.

    “The main idea is based on the estimate that the strangeness equilibration time in a hot QGP is of the same order as the expected lifetime of the QGP ( ∼ 10 fm/c ) produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions.”

    From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [133]

    Theoretical concepts (p. 30) estimates strangeness equilibration in a QGP at 3–6 fm/c, broadly the same order as 10 fm/c. Discussion (p. 30) reports a roughly 8 fm/c lifetime for Pb+Pb collisions at CERN/SPS, but does not identify that as the expected QGP lifetime in nucleus–nucleus collisions generally. The paper also cautions that equilibration may not occur before QGP freeze-out. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Bass, S. A., Gyulassy, M., Stöcker, H., & Greiner, W.
Affiliations
  • Duke University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Published
1999-01-01
Volume
25
Issue
3
Pages
R1-R57
ISSN
  • 0954-3899 (ISSN-L)
  • 1361-6471
DOI
10.1088/0954-3899/25/3/013
OpenAlex
W2003831609
Cited by
269
References
442
Citations by year
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FWCI
14.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
  • Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Keywords
quark-gluon plasma, heavy-ion collisions, QCD matter, RHIC, experimental observables

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