The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Particle creation in a tunneling universe. II. Massive particles
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In 2002, Hawking and Hertog introduced a 'top-down approach,' a form of the weak anthropic principle, to solve this problem.
“In 2002, Hawking and Hertog[22] introduced a”
From On Quantum Creation of a Toroidal Universe (2026) · cites this paper as [22]
The Introduction discusses particle creation during cosmological tunneling, and the Discussion describes a Gaussian vacuum; neither addresses a top-down approach or the weak anthropic principle. Searches for Hawking and Hertog, “top-down approach,” and “anthropic principle” found no relevant passage in our copy. The printed citation [22] appears beside Hawking and Hertog, but our copy does not establish what that citation identifies. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Research works printed but not linked: 17
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
On Quantum Creation of a Toroidal Universe
Guth, A. H., & Vilenkin, A. (2026) · Fundamental Theories of Physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-15703-4_8 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Hong, J., Vilenkin, A., & Winitzki, S.
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2003-07-30
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 2
- ISSN
- 0556-2821
- 1089-4918
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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