A Survey on Differentially Private Machine Learning [Review Article]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed remarkable successes of machine learning in various applications. However, machine learning models suffer from a potential risk of leaking private information contained in training data, which have attracted increasing research attention. As one of the mainstream privacy- preserving techniques, differential privacy provides a promising way to prevent the leaking of individual-level privacy in training data while preserving the quality of training data for model building. This work provides a comprehensive survey on the existing works that incorporate differential privacy with machine learning, so- called differentially private machine learning and categorizes them into two broad categories as per different differential privacy mechanisms: the Laplace/ Gaussian/exponential mechanism and the output/objective perturbation mechanism. In the former, a calibrated amount of noise is added to the non-private model and in the latter, the output or the objective function is perturbed by random noise. Particularly, the survey covers the techniques of differentially private deep learning to alleviate the recent concerns about the privacy of big data contributors. In addition, the research challenges in terms of model utility, privacy level and applications are discussed. To tackle these challenges, several potential future research directions for differentially private machine learning are pointed out.
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Differentially private deep learning has been adopted to protect users and avoid legal risks of sensitive data use.
“Differentially private (DP) deep learning (using a privatized gradient descent optimizer [1]) has been adopted to protect users and avoid legal risks of sensitive data use [27, 29].”
From Laboratory-Scale AI: Open-Weight Models are Competitive with ChatGPT Even in Low-Resource Settings (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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“Differential privacy seems to be a promising tool to break this barrier [88].”
BackgroundHow will generative AI disrupt data science in drug discovery?
Vert, J.-P. (2023) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-023-01789-6 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
A Review on AI for Smart Manufacturing: Deep Learning Challenges and Solutions
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Artificial intelligence for medicine: Progress, challenges, and perspectives
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Differential privacy in deep learning: A literature survey
Pan, K., Ong, Y.-S., Gong, M., Li, H., Qin, A. K., & Gao, Y. (2024) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2024.127663 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationFederated Learning on Multimodal Data: A Comprehensive Survey
Lin, Y., Gao, Y., Gong, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., & Li, Z. (2023) · Machine Intelligence Research · doi:10.1007/s11633-022-1398-0 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“As increasing attention is drawn to privacy protection, many laws and regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation[5], China′s Cyber Security Law of the People′s Republic of China[6] and the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People′s Republic of China[7] have been proposed to protect users′ priv…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationFederated matrix factorization for privacy-preserving recommender systems
Du, Y., Zhou, D., Xie, Y., Shi, J., & Gong, M. (2021) · Applied Soft Computing · doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107700 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
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Differential Privacy for IoT-Enabled Critical Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Survey
Husnoo, M. A., Anwar, A., Chakrabortty, R. K., Doss, R., & Ryan, M. J. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3124309 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Federated FCM: Clustering Under Privacy Requirements
Pedrycz, W. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems · doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2021.3105193 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Binarizing Split Learning for Data Privacy Enhancement and Computation Reduction
Pham, N. D., Abuadbba, A., Gao, Y., Phan, K. T., & Chilamkurti, N. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3274391 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“While DP techniques can provide a provable privacy guarantee for individuals [7], it requires a balance between privacy and accuracy when applying DP to DL despite research efforts to alleviate the impact of noise perturbation on the accuracy of the”
BackgroundRecent Advances of Differential Privacy in Centralized Deep Learning: A Systematic Survey
Demelius, L., Kern, R., & Trügler, A. (2025) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3712000 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“, about differential private machine learning (without focusing on deep learning) [53,131,21], privacy-preserving deep learning (without focusing on differential privacy) [28,100,56,76,23,106], or privacy-preserving machine learning”
Visual privacy attacks and defenses in deep learning: a survey
Zhang, G., Liu, B., Zhu, T., Zhou, A., & Zhou, W. (2022) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/s10462-021-10123-y · Cited by 53 · see citing works
A survey on privacy inference attacks and defenses in cloud-based Deep Neural Network
Zhang, X., Chen, C., Xie, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, J., & Xiang, Y. (2022) · Computer Standards & Interfaces · doi:10.1016/j.csi.2022.103672 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationSecure collaborative few-shot learning
Xie, Y., Wang, H., Yu, B., & Zhang, C. B. C. (2020) · Knowledge-Based Systems · doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2020.106157 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationScalable Differential Privacy with Sparse Network Finetuning
Luo, Z., Wu, D. J., Adeli, E., & Fei-Fei, L. (2021) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr46437.2021.00502 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
PQLM - Multilingual Decentralized Portable Quantum Language Model
Li, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhou, S., Shu, H., Liang, R., Liu, H., & Garcia, L. P. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · doi:10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095215 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“More recent work towards a safe data pipeline involves decentralized training for federated training, where the training data is strictly kept to remote machines, and the gradients are exported and aggregated on another machine for downstream tasks [16, 17, 18].”
BackgroundChen, L., Xiao, D., Xiao, X., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3486611 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Distributed computing in multi-agent systems: a survey of decentralized machine learning approaches
Ahmed, I., Syed, M. A., Maaruf, M., & Khalid, M. (2024) · Computing · doi:10.1007/s00607-024-01356-0 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Gati, N. J., Yang, L. T., Feng, J., Nie, X., Ren, B., & Tarus, S. K. (2021) · Information Fusion · doi:10.1016/j.inffus.2021.04.017 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
ESB-FL: Efficient and Secure Blockchain-Based Federated Learning With Fair Payment
Chen, B., Zeng, H., Xiang, T., Guo, S., Zhang, T., & Liu, Y. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Big Data · doi:10.1109/tbdata.2022.3177170 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Differentially Private ADMM Algorithms for Machine Learning
Shang, F., Xu, T., Liu, Y., Liu, H., Shen, L., & Gong, M. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3113768 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationNovikova, E., Fomichov, D., Kholod, I., & Filippov, E. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22082983 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“[26] showed that currently there are DP variants for almost all types of the analysis models—clustering, shallow and deep classification models.”
BackgroundDevelopment of a Privacy-Preserving UAV System With Deep Learning-Based Face Anonymization
Lee, H., Kim, M. U., Kim, Y., et al. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3113186 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“In addition, as in [15], our training approach that does not expose the original training dataset directly to a target neural network will be encouraged in future studies related to privacy protection.”
BackgroundA systematic review on federated learning system: a new paradigm to machine learning
Chaudhary, R. K., Kumar, R., & Saxena, N. (2024) · Knowledge and Information Systems · doi:10.1007/s10115-024-02257-6 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Albahri, O. S., Al-Samarraay, M. S., Alsattar, H. A., Alamoodi, A. H., Zaidan, A. A., Albahri, A. S., Zaidan, B. B., & Jasim, A. N. (2023) · Neural Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/s00521-023-08933-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Have You Forgotten? A Method to Assess if Machine Learning Models Have Forgotten Data
Liu, X., & Tsaftaris, S. A. (2020) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59710-8_10 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“We point readers to surveys such as [9, 11] and a”
BackgroundDriver Drowsiness EEG Detection Based on Tree Federated Learning and Interpretable Network
Qin, X., Niu, Y., Zhou, H., Li, X., Jia, W., & Zheng, Y. (2022) · International Journal of Neural Systems · doi:10.1142/s0129065723500090 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
PQSF: post-quantum secure privacy-preserving federated learning
Zhang, X., Deng, H., Wu, R., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-74377-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Afzal, M. U., Abdellatif, A. A., Zubair, M. F., Mehmood, M. Q., & Massoud, Y. (2023) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2023.3323932 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Arshad, R., & Asghar, M. R. (2024) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2024.3519861 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Kucur, E. N., Büyüktanır, T., Ugurelli, M., & Yıldız, K. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app16010277 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Privacy Preservation Using Machine Learning in the Internet of Things
El‐Gendy, S., Elsayed, M. S., Jurcut, A. D., & Azer, M. A. (2023) · Mathematics · doi:10.3390/math11163477 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Analysis of Machine Learning Models Predicting Quality of Life for Cancer Patients
Savić, M., Kurbalija, V., Ilić, M., Ivanović, M. D., Jakovetić, D., Valachis, A., Autexier, S., Rust, J., & Kosmidis, T. (2021) · International Conference on Management of Emergent Digital EcoSystems (MEDES) · doi:10.1145/3444757.3485103 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Having in mind that predictive QoL models should be robust against adversarial inference requests, we will also examine the influence of differential privacy mechanisms [4] to the accuracy of predictive QoL models.”
BackgroundGittens, A., Yener, B., & Yung, M. M. (2022) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2022.3218715 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Radial Basis Function Network with Differential Privacy
Bugshan, N., Khalil, I., Moustafa, N., Almashor, M., & Abuadbba, A. (2021) · Future Generation Computer Systems · doi:10.1016/j.future.2021.09.013 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
GuardianML: Anatomy of Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning Techniques and Frameworks
Njungle, N. B., Jahns, E., Wu, Z., Mastromauro, L., Stojkov, M., & Kinsy, M. A. (2025) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2025.3557228 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“[14] provided a survey on differential privacy and ML, categorizing all work under two broad categories per different differential privacy mechanisms.”
Differentially Private Algorithms for Synthetic Power System Datasets
Валентинович, Д. В., & Botterud, A. (2023) · IEEE Control Systems Letters · doi:10.1109/lcsys.2023.3284389 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Density-based clustering with differential privacy
Wu, F., Du, M., & Zhi, Q. (2024) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2024.121211 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Zhao, Y., Wang, J., Tan, X., et al. (2025) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics14122328 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Privacy Auditing in Differential Private Machine Learning: The Current Trends
Namatēvs, I., Sudars, K., Ņikuļins, A., & Ozols, K. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15020647 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Optimizing Legal Information Access: Federated Search and RAG for Secure AI-Powered Legal Solutions
Amato, F., Cirillo, E., Fonisto, M., et al. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData) · doi:10.1109/bigdata62323.2024.10825815 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
FedDAD: Solving the Islanding Problem of SAR Image Aircraft Detection Data
Jia, Z.-W., Zheng, H.-L., Wang, R., & Zhou, W.-G. (2023) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs15143620 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“With the help of federated learning, individual users can benefit from obtaining trained machine-learning models without sending their privacy-sensitive personal data to a central server [27].”
BackgroundAdvances in Differential Privacy and Differentially Private Machine Learning
Das, S., & Mishra, S. (2024) · Springer tracts in electrical and electronics engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-0407-1_7 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Gong et al [50](2020) presented a high-level discussing differentially private machine learning exclusively, without delving into technical details rigorously.”
BackgroundFL-MAC-RDP: Federated Learning over Multiple Access Channels with Rényi Differential Privacy
Wu, S., Yu, M., Ahmed, M. A. M., Qian, Y., & Tao, Y.-H. (2021) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1007/s10773-021-04867-0 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fairness, explainability, privacy, and robustness for trustworthy algorithmic decision-making
Majumdar, S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85713-0.00017-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Blockchain with Federated Learning for Secure Healthcare Applications
Singh, A., & Singh, K. K. (2023) · doi:10.1002/9781119792406.ch2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Differential Privacy: An Umbrella Review
Kilpala, M., Kärkkäinen, T., & Hämäläinen, T. (2022) · Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15030-2_8 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Deldar, F., & Abadi, M. (2021) · Knowledge-Based Systems · doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2021.107084 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mercati, P., & Bhat, G. (2024) · IEEE Design and Test · doi:10.1109/mdat.2024.3432862 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ferry, J., Aïvodji, U., Gambs, S., Huguet, M., & Siala, M. (2025) · Computational Intelligence · doi:10.1111/coin.70113 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A survey of optimization algorithms for differential privacy in Federated Learning
Shan, F., Liu, Y., Fan, L., Mao, Y., Chen, Z., & Li, S. (2025) · Journal of Systems Architecture · doi:10.1016/j.sysarc.2025.103582 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Benchmarking Relaxed Differential Privacy in Private Learning: A Comparative Survey
Zheng, Z., Yao, L., Hu, H., & Wu, G. (2025) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3729216 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Semi-Private Computation of Data Similarity With Applications to Data Valuation and Pricing
Christensen, R. B., Pandey, S. R., & Popovski, P. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2023.3259879 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“[25], [26] – which is a go-to setting to consider for a data market.”
BackgroundDoes Differentially Private Synthetic Data Lead to Synthetic Discoveries?
Perez, I. M., Movahedi, P., Nieminen, V., et al. (2024) · Methods of Information in Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-2385-1355 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Even though combining DP with synthetic data guarantees a desired level of privacy, preservation of the utility remains unclear.”
BackgroundAzadmanesh, M., Ghahfarokhi, B. S., & Talouki, M. A. (2024) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2024.125646 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Roles of Artificial Intelligence--Based Synthetic Data in Health Economics and Outcomes Research
Lai, T. C., & Ngorsuraches, S. (2025) · Value in Health · doi:10.1016/j.jval.2025.04.2157 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Not a Free Lunch, But a Cheap One: On Classifiers Performance on Anonymized Datasets
Alishahi, M., & Zannone, N. (2021) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81242-3_14 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Towards Effective Patient Simulators
Liventsev, V., Härmä, A., & Petković, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.3389/frai.2021.798659 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“They provide a privacy-preserving way to generate a lot of training data for treatment discovery (James et al., 2018; Gong et al., 2020; Rankin et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2021), however, they don ’ t model counterfactuals.”
MethodHybrid Quantum Deep Learning with Differential Privacy for Botnet DGA Detection
Suryotrisongko, H., & Musashi, Y. (2021) · International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and System (ICTS) · doi:10.1109/icts52701.2021.9608217 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jafarigol, E., Trafali̇s, T. B., Razzaghi, T., & Zamankhani, M. (2024) · Springer optimization and its applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-74006-0_4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Tools and Techniques for Privacy-aware, Edge-centric Distributed Deep Learning
Min, Z., Canady, R. E., Ghosh, U., Gokhale, A. S., & Hakiri, A. (2020) · doi:10.1145/3429882.3430105 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Although privacypreservation has been improved using the Machine Learning Differentially Private (MLDP) multi-party data model sharing method [6], yet the presence of centralized curators in differential privacy protocol increases the risk of data leakage specifically for applications involving distributed multiple pa…”
MethodIntegrating Federated Learning in Quantum Computing for Secure and Scalable Model Training
Shareef, D. K., Shakeel, T., Hariprasad, E., et al. (2025) · International Conference on Innovative Mechanisms for Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/icimia67127.2025.11200828 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
VMFL: A Verifiable Multiround Aggregation Scheme for Federated Learning in VANETs
Li, K., Feng, X., Guo, Z., et al. (2025) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3593564 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Agarwal, S., & Mishra, S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76860-7_8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A Study of Differentially Private Machine Learning in Healthcare
Shahid, A. R., & Talukder, S. (2021) · Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference (ASYU) · doi:10.1109/asyu52992.2021.9598991 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Shahid, A. R., & Talukder, S. K. (2021) · Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference (ASYU) · doi:10.1109/asyu52992.2021.9598983 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Disparity-Aware Federated Learning for Intrusion Detection Systems in Imbalanced Non-IID Settings
Islam, M. M., & Islam, A. B. M. A. A. (2023) · International Conference on Networking, Systems and Security (NSysS) · doi:10.1145/3629188.3629197 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Past works proposed federated learning for distributed malware detection [33] techniques as well as privacy-preserving [10, 12] computing.”
BackgroundDifferentially-Private Neural Network Training with Private Features and Public Labels
Monir, I. A., & Ghinita, G. (2024) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68323-7_16 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
FedGSDW:Enhancing Federated Learning Robustness against Model Poisoning Attack
Xiujin, S., Sun, N., Jia-wei, G., & Yu, S. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData) · doi:10.1109/bigdata62323.2024.10825224 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Differentially private tree-based redescription mining
Mihelčić, M., & Miettinen, P. (2023) · Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery · doi:10.1007/s10618-023-00934-8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“It has been integrated into (distributed) online learning (Gong et al. 2020) and regression algorithms (linear and logistic regression) (Gong et al. 2020).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDeveloping and Running Machine Learning Software: Machine Learning Operations (MLOps)
Scutari, M., & Malvestio, M. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118445112.stat08455 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Differentially Private Graph Convolutional Networks with Privacy Amplification
Sun, Y., & Song, M. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom) · doi:10.1109/trustcom63139.2024.00321 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
FedPDM: Representation enhanced federated learning with privacy preserving diffusion models
Guo, W., Zhuang, F., Tong, Y., Zhang, X., Hu, Z., Zhao, J., & Dong, J. (2026) · Knowledge-Based Systems · doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2026.115452 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Noise-Efficient Learning of Differentially Private Partitioning Machine Ensembles
Huang, Z., Lei, Y., & Kabán, A. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-26412-2_36 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Data analysis with performance and privacy enhanced classification
Tajanpure, R., & Muddana, A. L. (2023) · Journal of Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1515/jisys-2022-0215 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“He presented an approach balancing privacy and the utility of data [21].”
BackgroundEvaluating Cluster-Based Synthetic Data Generation for Blood-Transfusion Analysis
Kroes, S. K. S., van Leeuwen, M., Groenwold, R. H. H., & Janssen, M. P. (2023) · Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy · doi:10.3390/jcp3040040 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Shielding sensitive medical imaging data
Liu, G., Wang, C., & Xia, T. (2024) · Nature Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1038/s42256-024-00865-z · Cited by 1 · see citing works
An Interpretable Graph-Based Mapping of Trustworthy Machine Learning Research
Derzsy, N., Majumdar, S., & Malik, R. (2021) · Springer proceedings in complexity · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81854-8_7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“A number of papers in Table 3 are on topics that have received less attention in TwML literature [9,16], such as reinforcement learning, active learning, bandit algorithms, and outlier detection.”
BackgroundCollaborative Private Classifiers Construction
Alishahi, M., & Moghtadaiee, V. (2023) · Advanced sciences and technologies for security applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16088-2_2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kim, D., Lee, Y., Cheon, S., Choi, H., Lee, J., Youm, H., Lee, D., & Kim, H. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4636541 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lee, H., Ahn, H., & Park, Y. D. (2022) · ICT Express · doi:10.1016/j.icte.2022.09.002
Machine Learning-Based Data Analytics With Privacy
Tajanpure, R., & Muddana, A. L. (2023) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6519-6.ch005
Morales-Vanegas, E. A., Magallán, B. A. Á., Gaytan-Lugo, L. S., & Santana-Mancilla, P. C. (2023) · Avances en Interacción Humano-Computadora · doi:10.47756/aihc.y8i1.133
Optimal Obfuscation to Protect Client Privacy in Federated Learning
Guan, B., Wei, S., Houmansadr, A., et al. (2024) · Conference on Information Sciences and Systems · doi:10.1109/ciss59072.2024.10480208
Density-Based Clustering with Differential PrivacyPreprint
Wu, F., Du, M., & Zhi, Q. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4798792
A Review of Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Learning
Gitanshu, & Kumar, N. B. M. (2024) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-2839-8_29
- Authors
- Gong, M., Xie, Y., Pan, K., Feng, K., & Qin, A. K.
- Affiliations
- Xidian University (CN)
- Swinburne University of Technology (AU)
- Venue
- IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine
- Published
- 2020-05
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 49-64
- ISSN
- 1556-603X (ISSN-L)
- 1556-6048
- OpenAlex
- W3016000170
- Semantic Scholar
- 0e9c4e5761d97bf538692c11cd267ad7affe708f
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 107
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 6.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine (publishedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Basic Research Program of China (2017YFB0802200)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Cloud Data Security Solutions
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Cryptography and Data Security
- Keywords
- differential privacy, privacy-preserving machine learning, Laplace mechanism, Gaussian mechanism, exponential mechanism, output perturbation, data privacy, model utility, privacy-utility trade-off
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