The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Res2Net: A New Multi-Scale Backbone Architecture
Open accessAbstract
Representing features at multiple scales is of great importance for numerous vision tasks. Recent advances in backbone convolutional neural networks (CNNs) continually demonstrate stronger multi-scale representation ability, leading to consistent performance gains on a wide range of applications. However, most existing methods represent the multi-scale features in a layer-wise manner. In this paper, we propose a novel building block for CNNs, namely Res2Net, by constructing hierarchical residual-like connections within one single residual block. The Res2Net represents multi-scale features at a granular level and increases the range of receptive fields for each network layer. The proposed Res2Net block can be plugged into the state-of-the-art backbone CNN models, e.g., ResNet, ResNeXt, and DLA. We evaluate the Res2Net block on all these models and demonstrate consistent performance gains over baseline models on widely-used datasets, e.g., CIFAR-100 and ImageNet. Further ablation studies and experimental results on representative computer vision tasks, i.e., object detection, class activation mapping, and salient object detection, further verify the superiority of the Res2Net over the state-of-the-art baseline methods. The source code and trained models are available on https://mmcheng.net/res2net/.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
Self-citationImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks
Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., & Hinton, G. E. (2017) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3065386 · Cited by 112,155
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks
Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2016.2577031 · Cited by 73,472
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks
Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J. (2015) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1506.01497 · Cited by 70,812
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
Lowe, D. G. (2004) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1023/b:visi.0000029664.99615.94 · Cited by 55,589
Densely Connected Convolutional Networks
Huang, G., Liu, Z., Van Der Maaten, L., & Weinberger, K. Q. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.243 · Cited by 48,566
ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge
Russakovsky, O., Deng, J., Su, H., Krause, J., Satheesh, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Karpathy, A., Khosla, A., Bernstein, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-015-0816-y · Cited by 39,380
Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
Hu, J., Shen, L., & Sun, G. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00745 · Cited by 35,667
Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision
Szegedy, C., Vanhoucke, V., Ioffe, S., Shlens, J., & Wojna, Z. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.308 · Cited by 32,138
Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detection
Lin, T.-Y., Dollar, P., Girshick, R., He, K., Hariharan, B., & Belongie, S. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.106 · Cited by 30,939
Research works printed but not linked: 50
- 10.1109/CVPR.2015.7298965 · DOI · Paper page
- lin, 2014, Microsoft COCO: Common objects in context, Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis, 740
- lin, 2013, Network in network, Proc Int Conf Learn Representations
- 10.1109/CVPR.2014.43 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/TPAMI.2018.2878849 · DOI · Paper page
- liu, 2016, SSD: Single shot multibox detector, Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis, 21
- liu, 2011, Learning to detect a salient object, IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, 33, 353, 10.1109/TPAMI.2010.70 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2019.00404 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2018.00255 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/ICCV.2017.31 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2017.512 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2017.660 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2019.00405 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/ICCV.2019.00894 · DOI
- li, 2015, Visual saliency based on multiscale deep features, Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit, 5455
- 10.24963/ijcai.2018/166 · DOI
- 10.1109/CVPR.2015.7298731 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/s41095-019-0149-9 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/34.993558 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/ICCV.2011.6126343 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/TPAMI.2015.2389824 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/ICCV.2017.322 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/TPAMI.2018.2815688 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2015.7298594 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2013.407 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2013.153 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/ICCV.2015.164 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CVPR.2017.634 · DOI · Paper page
- xiao, 2018, Simple baselines for human pose estimation and tracking, Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis, 472
- 10.1109/CVPR.2017.687 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/s11263-016-0977-3 · DOI
- chen, 2017, Dual path networks, Proc Int Conf Neural Inf Process, 4467
- cheng, 2019, High frequency residual learning for multi-scale image classification, Proc Brit Mach Vis Conf
- 10.1007/s41095-018-0120-1 · DOI
- 10.1109/TPAMI.2014.2345401 · DOI · Paper page
- cheng, 2017, A survey of model compression and acceleration for deep neural networks, CoRR arXiv 1710 09282
- 10.1109/CVPR.2014.81 · DOI · Paper page
- han, 2015, Learning both weights and connections for efficient neural network, Proc Int Conf Neural Inf Process, 1135
- 10.1109/ICCV.2017.116 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/TIP.2015.2487833 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/TPAMI.2017.2699184 · DOI · Paper page
- chen, 2019, Big-little net: An efficient multi-scale feature representation for visual and speech recognition, Proc Int Conf Learn Representations
- chen, 2017, Rethinking atrous convolution for semantic image segmentation, CoRR abs/1706 05587
- sun, 2019, High-resolution representations for labeling pixels and regions, CoRR abs/1904 04514
- 10.1109/ICCV.2019.00353 · DOI · Paper page
- simonyan, 2014, Two-stream convolutional networks for action recognition in videos, Proc Int Conf Neural Inf Process, 568
- 10.1109/CVPR.2019.00584 · DOI · Paper page
- simonyan, 2014, Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition, Proc Int Conf Learn Representations
- 10.1109/CVPR.2019.00340 · DOI
- 10.1109/ICCV.2017.522 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
CSPNet: A New Backbone that can Enhance Learning Capability of CNN
Wang, C.-Y., Mark Liao, H.-Y., Wu, Y.-H., Chen, P.-Y., Hsieh, J.-W., & Yeh, I.-H. (2020) · 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) · doi:10.1109/cvprw50498.2020.00203 · Cited by 5,265
Pyramid Vision Transformer: A Versatile Backbone for Dense Prediction without Convolutions
Wang, W., Xie, E., Li, X., Fan, D.-P., Song, K., Liang, D., Lu, T., Luo, P., & Shao, L. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.00061 · Cited by 5,259
“Moreover, with years of rapid developments, there have been many well-engineered CNN backbones such as Res2Net [16], EfficientNet [60], and ResNeSt [77].”
YOLOv9: Learning What You Want to Learn Using Programmable Gradient Information
Wang, C.-Y., Yeh, I.-H., & Mark Liao, H.-Y. (2025) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-72751-1_1 · Cited by 4,823
Desplanques, B., Thienpondt, J., & Demuynck, K. (2020) · Interspeech 2020 · doi:10.21437/interspeech.2020-2650 · Cited by 1,568
Inf-Net: Automatic COVID-19 Lung Infection Segmentation From CT Images
Fan, D.-P., Zhou, T., Ji, G.-P., Zhou, Y., Chen, G., Fu, H., Shen, J., & Shao, L. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2020.2996645 · Cited by 1,259
Metadata
- Authors
- Gao, S.-H., Cheng, M.-M., Zhao, K., Zhang, X.-Y., Yang, M.-H., & Torr, P.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
- Published
- 2021-02-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 652-662
- ISSN
- 0162-8828 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-9292
- 1939-3539
- OpenAlex
- W2928165649
- Cited by
- 3,385
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 120.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61620106008, 61572264)
- national youth talent support program
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (17JCJQJC43700, 18ZXZNGX00110)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Res2Net: A New Multi-Scale Backbone Architecture. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tpami.2019.2938758
- The paper
- Gao, S.-H., Cheng, M.-M., Zhao, K., Zhang, X.-Y., Yang, M.-H., & Torr, P. (2021). Res2Net: A New Multi-Scale Backbone Architecture. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2938758
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.