Applicability of solid-state transformers in today's and future distribution grids

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Power Electronic Traction Transformer—Medium Voltage Prototype

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Design of vehicle intelligent distributor based on solid-state power distribution

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Automatic Parameter Optimization Based on High-Efficiency Simulation Model of Regional Energy Router

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Solid-State transformers

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Modeling and Analysis of DC Pole-to-Pole Fault in High-Frequency-Bus Based Power Electronic Transformer

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Energy Coordinated Control Method for High Power Density Power Electronic Transformers

Cao, Z., Sun, Y., Wu, L., Yan, Y., & Yang, K. (2023) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-0631-4_90

Modified Phase Shift Control for Dual Active Bridge to achieve switching loss reduction in the High Voltage side active converter

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Solid-State Transformer Enabled DCMG Architecture with Distributed Energy Management

Shitole, A. B., Khadkikar, V., Shaaban, M. F., Beig, A. R., & Zeineldin, H. H. (2022) · IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems · doi:10.1109/pedes56012.2022.10080131

An Optimal Design Method of 5 kVA Round Conductor Nanocrystalline High-Frequency Transformer

Zhang, P., Huang, Z., Xun, Y., Qiao, Z., & Meng, Z. (2023) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-0451-8_110

Research on the Novel Topology of On-Load Voltage Regulator Based on Power Electronic Converter

Sun, L., Yin, J., Han, L., Wu, L., Huo, Q., & Wei, T. (2022) · International Conference on Smart Power & Internet Energy Systems (SPIES) · doi:10.1109/spies55999.2022.10082505

Mode Switching of H-bridge Time-sharing Multiplexing

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Topology and start strategy for DC-DC transformer based on voltage balancing circuit

Liu, Y., Liu, X., & Wang, Z. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Control, Electronics and Computer Technology (ICCECT) · doi:10.1109/iccect57938.2023.10140325

Current Status of Hydrogen Energy Development

Peng, S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-4468-2_2

Low Voltage Fault Traversal Control Strategy for DC Transformer Based on Voltage Balancing Circuit

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Supply Restoration Method of Flexible Active Distribution Network Using Power RouterPreprint

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Closed-form Solution for Multi-Objective Optimal Analytical Balance Control Strategy for a Single-Stage Isolated MVAC-LVDC ConverterPreprint

Saha, J., Gorla, N. B. Y., & Panda, S. K. (2023) · doi:10.36227/techrxiv.24272290.v1

Enhanced Efficiency on ANPC-DAB through Adaptive Model Predictive Control

Nardoto, A. F., Encarnação, L. F., Santos, W. M. D., Amorim, A. E. A., Fiorotti, R., Molinero, D., & Bueno, E. J. (2023) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en17010012

Cyclic Modulation of Active-Clamped Single Power-Conversion AC–DC Converter for Self-Loss Balancing

Bai, C., & Kim, M. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics · doi:10.1109/tii.2023.3342448

Smart Transformer Based Ship Microgrid System

Das, D., & Kumar, C. (2023) · National Power Electronics Conference (NPEC) · doi:10.1109/npec57805.2023.10384947

A comprehensive circuit and modulation design of mixed frequency conversion cascaded power electronic transformer

Xu, Y., Zhang, X., Dong, X., Siddique, A., & Aslam, W. (2024) · International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems · doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.109784

Enhanced pantograph charger design for electric bus using a solid state transformer

Yeddu, D., & Rao, B. L. (2024) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0111812

Solid-state transformer and magnetic properties with potential topologies

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Stability Analysis of Smart Solid-State Transformer

Zhang, Y., Chen, J., Liu, Y., Han, Y., Guo, J., & Liu, M. (2023) · International Conference on Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering (ICEMCE) · doi:10.1109/icemce60359.2023.10490536

Dual Capacitor Submodule Arm Multiplexing MMC-SST

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Analysis and Control of a Single-Stage Single-Phase Ac-Ac Sst and Design of Grid FiltersPreprint

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Vehicle electrification and renewables in modern power grids

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Comprehensive Review and Applications of Power Electronic Transformer for Optimal Power Integration

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Fundamental Effects of Nanomaterials

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Analysis of Solid-State Transformer Features Through Modeling and Control Simulation

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Enhanced transient oscillations-free response for a dual-active-bridge series-resonant DC-DC converter with dynamic trajectory prediction modulation

Zhou, S., & Tang, J. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40626

Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling of AC/DC Hybrid Distribution Networks with Power Electronic Transformer Based on Cloud Modeling

Zhen, Z., Xiaoli, M., Li, J., Yinan, H., Min, W., Qiming, W., & Gao, H. (2024) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-8820-0_6

Voltage Control in Distribution Systems with Solid-State Transformers Using Online Particle Swarm Optimization

Gao, Z., & Tsuji, T. (2024) · International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) · doi:10.1109/icrera62673.2024.10815304

Fault Characteristics Analysis of the Modular Multilevel Converter-type Multi-Port Solid-State Transformer under Different Grounding Methods

Cao, H., Liu, J., Song, Y., Wang, S., Dai, F., Li, L., Ma, J., & Sun, Q. (2024) · International Conference on Smart Grid and Smart Cities (ICSGSC) · doi:10.1109/icsgsc62639.2024.10813857

Design Consideration ofMMC-based AC-DC Converter with 3.3 kV SiC-MOSFETs for SSTs

Obara, H., & Okamura, Y. (2024) · International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) · doi:10.1109/icrera62673.2024.10815389

Load Sensitivity Correlation Factor-Based Steady-State Power Flow Allocation Method for Independent DC Bus Structure Multiport Power Electronic Transformer

Li, J., Wu, J., Xiong, F., & Hao, L. (2025) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics14020279

Comparative Analysis of Distribution Systems in Stand-Alone Wind-to-Hydrogen Plants

Runser, T., & Doncker, R. W. D. (2024) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce55643.2024.10861543

A QAB-Based SST DC Charging System for Light Rail Transit Trains

Wang, M., & Lee, T. (2024) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce55643.2024.10861553

Equal Frequency Control Strategy Based on Double dq Decoupling for Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter

Liu, S., Zhao, X., Zhu, H., & Shu, Z. (2025) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-2080-7_40

An Optimized Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy Based on Dynamic Modulation Voltage Adjustment for Solid-State Transformers

Wang, H., Chen, M., Li, G., Zheng, M., & Hu, C. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2025.3543535

A Novel DC-DC Multi-Level Converter for Interfacing an SST and a Bipolar DC Grid

Monteiro, V., Coelho, S., & Afonso, J. L. (2024) · Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON) · doi:10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905525

Control of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Unit Based on Power Electronic Transformer Under Unbalance of Power Grid Voltage

Huang, P., Xiang, P., & Dian, R. (2024) · International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) · doi:10.23919/icems60997.2024.10921464

A Single-Phase AC-AC Power Electronic Transformer Without Bulky Energy Storage Elements

Wang, H., Xie, S., & Yuan, L. (2025) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en18071769

Comparison of Sub-Modules for Cascaded Multi-Level MVAC to DC Solid State Transformer

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Differential Algebraic Neural Networks Based Transient Behavior Prediction of Single-Phase Grid-Tied Inverters

Yuan, C., & Huang, Z. (2025) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-5373-7_19

New energy active support power generation system based on synchronous motor pairs

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Design and Experimental Validation of an Independent DC Bus Structure Multiport Power Electronic Transformer

Li, J., Wu, J., Xiong, F. B., & Hao, L. (2025) · International Conference on Energy, Electrical and Power Engineering (CEEPE) · doi:10.1109/ceepe64987.2025.11034056

Fault Self-Healing Method for Flexible-Ac-Port Solid-State Transformer

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Decoupling Control for the HVAC Port of Power Electronic Transformer

Wen, W., Zhan, T., Zhang, Y., & Nie, J. (2025) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en18154131

Soft-Switching Solid-State Transformers (S4T)

Divan, D., Zheng, L., & Benzaquen, J. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-78631-0_4

A Review of Modular Converter Designs for MW Level Charging of Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicles

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The Key Parameter Method for Flexible-AC-Port Solid-state Transformer

Fan, X., Jiang, W., Dong, D., Cai, H., Wu, W., & Chen, W. (2025) · International Conference on Power and Energy Technology (ICPET) · doi:10.1109/icpet66029.2025.11160401

Reverse Startup Procedure for Multi Terminal Smart Transformer Supplying Data Centres

Anandh, N., Das, D., & Kumar, C. (2025) · IEEE Guwahati Subsection Conference (GCON) · doi:10.1109/gcon65540.2025.11173345

Optimal Configuration of Transformer–Energy Storage Deeply Integrated System Based on Enhanced Q-Learning with Hybrid Guidance

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Active Power Distribution System for the Electric Vehicle Charging Station

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Power Loss Comparison of Different Operation Modes of a Medium Voltage Solid-State Transformer

Merz, T., Menger, N., Schwendemann, R., & Hiller, M. (2025) · Energy Conversion Congress and Expo Europe (ECCE Europe) · doi:10.1109/ecce-europe62795.2025.11238687

An Enhanced Power Electronic Traction Transformer With Low-Voltage IGBTs for Railway Applications

Gupta, J., & Shukla, K. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation (SEFET) · doi:10.1109/sefet65155.2025.11255427

Topology, Hybrid Frequency, and Fault Ride-Through Control Strategy of a Novel MMC-SST with Integrated Switch Pairs

Yan, Y., Sun, Y., Teixeira, C. A., Xiong, Y., & Zhang, H. (2025) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce58356.2025.11260218

DC Fault Ride-Through Control of a Hexagonal Hybrid-Frequency Solid-State Transformer

Yang, X., Sun, Y., Yan, Y., Teixeira, C., & Hu, H. (2025) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce58356.2025.11260050

High-Efficiency Single-Stage Three-Phase AC-AC Solid State Transformer

Zhang, C., Liu, J., Wang, R., Barbosa, P. M., Raju, R., & Zhang, M. (2025) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce58356.2025.11259506

Topology and Control of a Hexagonal Hybrid Frequency Solid-State Transformer

Sun, Y., Yan, Y., Teixeira, C., Yang, X., Jiang, H., & Wang, Y. (2025) · IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) · doi:10.1109/ecce58356.2025.11260043

A High-Efficiency Single-Phase AC-AC Solid-State Transformer Without Electrolytic Capacitors

Wang, H., Yan, X., & Hou, X. (2025) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en18246414

Vibration Characteristics and Equivalent Assessment Method of Nanocrystalline Cores under Non-Sinusoidal Excitation

Wang, N., Wenzhao, W., Chen, L., & Ji, S. (2025) · International Conference on Power Systems and Electrical Technology (PSET) · doi:10.1109/pset66242.2025.11296502

A Numerically Efficient and Accurate Model for Real-Time Simulation of Solid-State Transformer Using Implicit-Explicit Integration Methods

Li, H., Hatahet, W., Paull, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, Y., Wang, L., & Li, W. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2025.3650144

The Economic and Efficient SOP Based on the Hybrid Transformer With Combination Control

Guo, H., Zhou, M., Chen, Z., & Qu, X. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3645445

Input Impedance Specification Design for Solid-State Transformers in Multimodal Grid Environments

Jin, S., Zhang, X., & Xu, D. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3621659

Unified State-Feedback Control of a Hybrid Distribution Transformer Using Particle Swarm Optimization Tuning

Figueroa, D., Carreno, A., Malinowski, M., Yang, L. Z., & Zhao, Z. (2025) · IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Annual On-Line Conference (ONCON) · doi:10.1109/oncon68412.2025.11384302

A 2-DOF Modulation Strategy for Quasi-Single-Stage AC–AC Solid-State Transformer With Optimized Current Stress and Extended ZVS Range

Wang, H., Xie, S., Zhou, M., Guo, J., Hou, X., & Su, M. (2026) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2026.3668571

Impedance Specification Design for Solid-State Transformers in Inductive-Dominant Grid

Jin, S., Zhang, X., & Xu, D. (2025) · IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Symposium (PEAS) · doi:10.1109/peas66638.2025.11403353

Multi-Mode Cooperative Control of HDT-Based Flexible Interconnected Substations Considering Renewable Energy Integration

Yang, L., Wang, J., Zhong, C., Liu, C., & Li, X. (2025) · IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Symposium (PEAS) · doi:10.1109/peas66638.2025.11403289

An AC-DC Topology Based on an Interleaved Modular Multilevel Converter Feasible to Solid-State Transformer Applications

Joca, D. R. (2019) · doi:10.70675/2f000a7azc807z495bzac0bza1d5bb417a5a

AC DC MV distribution systems planning

de Barros, H. F. (2024) · doi:10.70675/39b3cfe0z34f9z4196zadfbze9c7c639f584

Hybrid Transformer as an Active Filter

Rebolledo, S., José Espinoza, C., & Epul, P. (2025) · IEEE CHILEAN Conference on Electrical, Electronics Engineering, Information and Communication Technologies (CHILECON) · doi:10.1109/chilecon66915.2025.11475933

IGBT Open-Circuit Fault Detection and Localization Method for Cascaded H-Bridge Stage of Power Electronic Transformer

Zheng, T., Wang, C., & Zhao, Y. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery · doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3686610

A Novel Single-Stage AC-AC Converter Topology with Reduced Voltage Stress for Solid-State Transformers

Yadav, R. K., Moyal, R., & Pathak, M. K. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies for Power, Energy and Control (STPEC) · doi:10.1109/stpec66316.2025.11490660

Solid state transformer in energy conversion and distribution: a structured design framework, four-dimensional taxonomy, control strategies, and deployment roadmap

Shaukat, N., Islam, M. R., Shah, S. A. A., Khan, J. A., & Al-Hysam, A. (2026) · Energy Conversion and Management X · doi:10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101954

Flying-Stack Modular Multilevel Converter for Wide Range High-AC/Low-DC Medium Voltage Applications

Sharifi, S., Bieber, L. M., Wang, L., & Jatskevich, J. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2026.3694086

A Novel CHB+MAB based Solid-State Transformer Architecture for Fast Charging EV Grids

Kadam, S. S., França, J. V. G., Christou, I., Zanden, M. V. D., & Costa, L. F. (2026) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec51134.2026.11516637

Real-time Simulation Platform for a Solid-State Transformer with Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Dual-Active Bridge Back-to-Back Converters

Dong, Z., Ashok, A., Alvarez, J. P., & Kumar, A. S. (2026) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition · doi:10.1109/apec51134.2026.11517001

Topology and Hybrid-Frequency Modulation of a Novel MMC-SST With Soft-Switching Capability

Yan, Y., Sun, Y., Teixeira, C. A., McGrath, B. P., Holmes, D. G., Yang, X., & Li, Z. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2026.3695878

A fast calculation model for leakage inductance of high-frequency transformers with round conductors based on the PGD spatial separation strategy

Zhong, L., Yan, X., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Electrical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s00202-026-03643-9

A Novel Flux-Shunt DC-Saturated Magneto-Controlled Transformer: Structure, Modeling, and Implementation

Zheng, J., Shi, X., Ji, S., Zhang, Y., Li, C., & Liu, X. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2026.3698061

Synergistic Enhancement of Electrical‐Thermal Properties in KH550/G‐POSS Functionalized BN/Epoxy Composites for High‐Frequency Transformer Insulation

Jiang, J., Luo, S., Cui, D., Huang, Z., Jiang, S., Fu, R., & Wang, Y. (2026) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.75952

High-Precision Prediction Model for Magnetic Core Loss Based on Physical Characteristics of Soft Magnetic Materials

Zhao, Z., Li, H., Liu, N., Liu, Z., 毛陆原, & Lu, J. (2026) · International Conference on Information Science, Electrical and Automation Engineering (ISEAE) · doi:10.1109/iseae69422.2026.11544408

A universal definition and calculation method for flexibility degree in power-electronized distribution networks

Xiao, J., Liu, C., & Jiao, H. (2026) · Electric Power Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2026.113504

Solid-state transformer (SST) for MV-LV smart grids

Orsinger, J. (2024) · doi:10.66800/0015

Solid-State Transformers in Modern Distribution Grids: A Comprehensive Review of Principles, Topologies, Key Technologies, Applications, and Challenges

Zhang, J., Wen, C., Wang, D., Chen, Y., Liu, S., Gao, T., & Li, X. (2026) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics15132839

A Fault Tolerant Strategy for Series Resonant dc-dc Converters Operating With Small Capacitors

Zhao, C., Zhang, H., Gao, F., Xu, F., Sun, B., & Li, Z. (2026) · IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC) · doi:10.1109/cieec69682.2026.11571844

Deep reinforcement learning-based spatiotemporal cooperative optimal scheduling for energy router in distribution networks

Yan, X., Wang, Z., Lu, J., & Jia, J. (2026) · Electric Power Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2026.113717

A Soft-Switching Single-Stage Isolated AC-DC Converter Using GaN Monolithic Integrated Bidirectional Switch

Luo, H., Huang, Y., & Hu, J. (2026) · IEEE International Conference on DC Microgrids · doi:10.1109/icdcm67837.2026.11594567

Design and Evaluation of a Control Scheme for the Single-Phase Solid-State Transformer

Pan, Y.-H., Su, Y.-C., Nguyen, H.-Q., & Yu, M.-H. (2026) · International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC) · doi:10.23919/ipec-nagasaki2026-ec64663.2026.11597186

Detection and Localization for Subsequent Sub-Module Fault in a Cascaded Multilevel Converter Based on Line-to-Line Voltage Waveforms

Yosuke, A., & Miura, Y. (2026) · International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC) · doi:10.23919/ipec-nagasaki2026-ec64663.2026.11596983

Parallel Acceleration Simulation of CHB-DAB Type PET

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