Gambling Involvement among Native Americans, Blacks and Whites in the United States
Open accessAbstract
Background and Objectives: This paper examines risk factors of gambling and problem gambling among racial subgroups in the U.S. population, namely Native Americans and blacks, for whom research data are lacking. Methods: Findings are based on a large representative general population survey (n = 3,474) of gambling in the U.S. with an oversample of Native Americans (n = 549). Multiple domains were assessed including sociodemographic factors; ecological factors (census‐defined neighborhood disadvantage, geocoded density of casinos within 30 miles of respondents’ homes, and perceived gambling convenience); impulsivity; and alcohol abuse. Results: After controlling for all variables in the study, neighborhood disadvantage has a significantly greater effect on overall gambling, frequent gambling, and problem gambling for Native Americans than for the rest of the U.S. population. In addition, the relationship between frequent gambling and heavier drinking is much stronger for blacks than for the rest of the U.S. population. Discussion and Conclusions: There is a lack of research on gambling involvement among minority groups in the U.S. Blacks and Native Americans are at a higher risk for problem gambling as compared with the rest of the population. Furthermore, social factors and alcohol abuse may show a stronger co‐occurrence with gambling involvement among minority groups than among whites. Scientific Significance: This study is a large representative U.S. sample with sizeable numbers of Native Americans and blacks. Thus, prevalence rates and risk factors can be assessed for these important population subgroups. This will allow for targeted intervention programs for Native Americans and blacks with problem gambling and alcohol abuse. (Am J Addict 2017;26:713–721)
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Lower socioeconomic status was significantly associated with problem gambling.
“Researchers also found that lower socioeconomic status was significantly associated with problem gambling [92].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [92]
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- Authors
- Barnes, G. M., Welte, J. W., & Tidwell, M. O.
- Affiliations
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barnes, Grace M.
- ORCID
- Barnes, Grace M.
- Venue
- The American Journal on Addictions
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-08-07
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 713-721
- ISSN
- 1055-0496 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-0391
- PMC
- PMC5610650
- OpenAlex
- W2742392683
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 17.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- American Journal on Addictions (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R21AA020952, AA018097)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Keywords
- problem gambling, gambling involvement, Native Americans, African Americans, racial disparities, neighborhood disadvantage, impulsivity, alcohol abuse, minority groups
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcoholism, Black or African American, Female, Gambling, Humans, Indians, North American, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, United States, Prevalence, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Black People, White People
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