Problem-Gambling Severity and Psychiatric Disorders among American-Indian/Alaska Native Adults
Open accessAbstract
Introduction Little is known about the association between problem-gambling severity and psychiatric disorders among American-Indian/Alaska-Native (AI/AN) individuals. Thus, we examined these factors among a nationally representative sample of AI/AN and other American adults in the USA. Method Using the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) data, we conducted separate Wald tests and multinomial logistic regression analyses comparing AI/AN to black/African American, white/Caucasian, and all other racial/ethnic groups, respectively. Results Relative to other American adults, AI/AN adults were least likely to report non-/low-frequency gambling (NG: AI/AN 66.5%, white/Caucasian 70.5%, black/African American 72.8%, other racial/ethnic group 72.3%) and most likely to report low-risk gambling (LRG: AI/AN 30.1%, white/Caucasian 26.5%, black/African American 23.4%, other racial/ethnic group 24.7%). The association between at-risk/problem-gambling (ARPG) and any past-year Axis-I disorder was stronger among AI/AN versus other American adults. Although ARPG and LRG were associated with multiple past-year Axis-I and lifetime Axis-II psychiatric disorders in both AI/AN and other American adults, LRG was more strongly associated with both Axis-I disorders (particularly major depression, generalized anxiety disorder and nicotine dependence) and Cluster-B Axis-II (particularly antisocial personality disorder) disorders in AI/AN versus other American adults. Discussion A stronger association between problem-gambling severity and past-year psychiatric disorders among AI/AN relative to other American adults suggests the importance of enhancing mental health and problem-gambling prevention and treatment strategies that may help AI/AN individuals.
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Abuse and mental health problems are associated with gambling addictions.
“Other studies have pointed to the associations among abuse, mental health problems, and gambling addictions [93,94].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [94]
Among AIAN compared to non-AIANs, problem gambling is strongly associated with past-year psychiatric disorders.
“Another study found a strong association between problem gambling and past-year psychiatric disorders among AIAN compared to non-AIANs [94].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [94]
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- Authors
- Kong, G., Smith, P. H., Pilver, C., Hoff, R., & Potenza, M. N.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Center for Health Optimization and Implementation Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kong, Grace
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 74
- Pages
- 55-62
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4744487
- OpenAlex
- W2217862087
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Responsible Gaming
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (5T32MH014235, KL2TR000140, UL1TR000142)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Keywords
- problem gambling, gambling severity, mental illness, at-risk gambling, Axis I disorders, Axis II personality disorders, antisocial personality disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, nicotine dependence, racial and ethnic differences, mental health disparities, gambling prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alaska, Mental Disorders, Inuit, Female, Gambling, Humans, Indians, North American, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, United States, Comorbidity
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