The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Axial length growth and the risk of developing myopia in European children
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: To generate percentile curves of axial length (AL) for European children, which can be used to estimate the risk of myopia in adulthood. Methods: A total of 12 386 participants from the population‐based studies Generation R (Dutch children measured at both 6 and 9 years of age; N = 6934), the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (British children 15 years of age; N = 2495) and the Rotterdam Study III (RS‐III) (Dutch adults 57 years of age; N = 2957) contributed to this study. Axial length (AL) and corneal curvature data were available for all participants; objective cycloplegic refractive error was available only for the Dutch participants. We calculated a percentile score for each Dutch child at 6 and 9 years of age. Results: Mean (SD) AL was 22.36 (0.75) mm at 6 years, 23.10 (0.84) mm at 9 years, 23.41 (0.86) mm at 15 years and 23.67 (1.26) at adulthood. Axial length (AL) differences after the age of 15 occurred only in the upper 50%, with the highest difference within the 95th percentile and above. A total of 354 children showed accelerated axial growth and increased by more than 10 percentiles from age 6 to 9 years; 162 of these children (45.8%) were myopic at 9 years of age, compared to 4.8% (85/1781) for the children whose AL did not increase by more than 10 percentiles. Conclusion: This study provides normative values for AL that can be used to monitor eye growth in European children. These results can help clinicians detect excessive eye growth at an early age, thereby facilitating decision‐making with respect to interventions for preventing and/or controlling myopia.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Boyd, A., Golding, J., Macleod, J., Lawlor, D. A., Fraser, A., Henderson, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., Ring, S., & Davey Smith, G. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys064 · Cited by 2,996
The Rotterdam Study: objectives and design update
Hofman, A., Breteler, M. M. B., van Duijn, C. M., Krestin, G. P., Pols, H. A., Stricker, B. H. C., Tiemeier, H., Uitterlinden, A. G., Vingerling, J. R., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2007) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-007-9199-x · Cited by 1,395
Self-citationThe Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2017
Kooijman, M. N., Kruithof, C. J., van Duijn, C. M., Duijts, L., Franco, O. H., van IJzendoorn, M. H., de Jongste, J. C., Klaver, C. C. W., van der Lugt, A., Mackenbach, J. P., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-016-0224-9 · Cited by 1,214
Self-citationHe, M., Xiang, F., Zeng, Y., Mai, J., Chen, Q., Zhang, J., Smith, W., Rose, K., & Morgan, I. G. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10803 · Cited by 1,076
Increased Prevalence of Myopia in the United States Between 1971-1972 and 1999-2004
Vitale, S. (2009) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.303 · Cited by 906
NIKLASSON, A., ERICSON, A., FRYER, J. G., KARLBERG, J., LAWRENCE, C., & KARLBERG, P. (1991) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11945.x · Cited by 739
Five-Year Clinical Trial on Atropine for the Treatment of Myopia 2
Chia, A., Lu, Q.-S., & Tan, D. (2016) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.07.004 · Cited by 649
The Generation R Study: Design and cohort update 2012
Jaddoe, V. W. V., van Duijn, C. M., Franco, O. H., van der Heijden, A. J., van IIzendoorn, M. H., de Jongste, J. C., van der Lugt, A., Mackenbach, J. P., Moll, H. A., Raat, H., et al. (2012) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-012-9735-1 · Cited by 546
Prevalence of refractive error in Europe: the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium
Williams, K. M., Verhoeven, V. J. M., Cumberland, P., Bertelsen, G., Wolfram, C., Buitendijk, G. H. S., Hofman, A., van Duijn, C. M., Vingerling, J. R., Kuijpers, R. W. A. M., et al. (2015) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-015-0010-0 · Cited by 449
Self-citationThe Rotterdam Study: 2014 objectives and design update
Hofman, A., Murad, S. D., van Duijn, C. M., Franco, O. H., Goedegebure, A., Arfan Ikram, M., Klaver, C. C. W., Nijsten, T. E. C., Peeters, R. P., Stricker, B. H. C., et al. (2013) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-013-9866-z · Cited by 330
Self-citation
Cited by
Progression of Myopia in School-Aged Children After COVID-19 Home Confinement
Wang, J., Li, Y., Musch, D. C., Wei, N., Qi, X., Ding, G., Li, X., Li, J., Song, L., Zhang, Y., et al. (2021) · JAMA Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.6239 · Cited by 513
Metadata
- Authors
- Tideman, J. W. L., Polling, J. R., Vingerling, J. R., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Williams, C., Guggenheim, J. A., & Klaver, C. C. W.
- Venue
- Acta Ophthalmologica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-12-19
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 301-309
- ISSN
- 0001-639X (ISSN-L)
- 1755-375X
- 1755-3768
- OpenAlex
- W2764248048
- Cited by
- 348
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 6.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Axial length growth and the risk of developing myopia in European children. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/aos.13603
- The paper
- Tideman, J. W. L., Polling, J. R., Vingerling, J. R., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Williams, C., Guggenheim, J. A., & Klaver, C. C. W. (2018). Axial length growth and the risk of developing myopia in European children. Acta Ophthalmologica. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.13603
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
