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Tumor-derived spheroids: Relevance to cancer stem cells and clinical applications
Open accessAbstract
Recently, many types of in vitro 3-D culture systems have been developed to recapitulate the in vivo growth conditions of cancer. The cancer 3-D culture methods aim to preserve the biological characteristics of original tumors better than conventional 2-D monolayer cultures, and include tumor-derived organoids, tumor-derived spheroids, organotypic multicellular spheroids, and multicellular tumor spheroids. The 3-D culture methods differ in terms of cancer cell sources, protocols for cell handling, and the required time intervals. Tumor-derived spheroids are unique because they are purposed for the enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cells with stem cell-related characteristics. These spheroids are grown as floating spheres and have been used as surrogate systems to evaluate the CSC-related characteristics of solid tumors in vitro. Because eradication of CSCs is likely to be of clinical importance due to their association with the malignant nature of cancer cells, such as tumorigenicity or chemoresistance, the investigation of tumor-derived spheroids may provide invaluable clues to fight against cancer. Spheroid cultures have been established from cancers including glioma, breast, colon, ovary, and prostate cancers, and their biological and biochemical characteristics have been investigated by many research groups. In addition to the investigation of CSCs, tumor-derived spheroids may prove to be instrumental for a high-throughput screening platform or for the cultivation of CSC-related tumor cells found in the circulation or body fluids.
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“3D patient-derived tumor models of CRC (i.e., organoid and spheroid cultures) allow maintenance and expansion of functionally relevant cell subfractions and harbor the patients' individual genetic lesions (Ishiguro et al., 2017;van de Wetering et al., 2015).”
From Degradation of CCNK/CDK12 is a druggable vulnerability of colorectal cancer (2021) · cites this paper as Ishiguro et al., 2017
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“Moreover, TICs that have the capacity to self-renew and maintain long-term tumor growth are usually rare within the tumor mass but highly enriched within spheroid cultures (Dieter et al., 2011;Ishiguro et al., 2017).”
From Degradation of CCNK/CDK12 is a druggable vulnerability of colorectal cancer (2021) · cites this paper as Ishiguro et al., 2017
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Additional file 2 of Anaplastic thyroid cancer spheroids as preclinical models to test therapeutics
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Additional file 1 of Anaplastic thyroid cancer spheroids as preclinical models to test therapeutics
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ishiguro, T., Ohata, H., Sato, A., Yamawaki, K., Enomoto, T., & Okamoto, K.
- Affiliations
- Niigata University (JP)
- National Cancer Center Research Institute (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Okamoto, Koji
- Venue
- Cancer Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-03
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 283-289
- ISSN
- 1347-9032 (ISSN-L)
- 1349-7006
- PMC
- PMC5378268
- OpenAlex
- W2570959155
- Cited by
- 530
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 11
- FWCI
- 4.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cancer Science (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- National Cancer Center
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth
- Keywords
- cancer stem cells, tumor spheroids, tumor organoids, chemoresistance, tumorigenicity, high-throughput screening, circulating tumor cells, glioma, breast cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neoplasms, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Spheroids, Cellular, Cell Culture Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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