Effects of empagliflozin on metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled study
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Summary: Background: Empagliflozin is a sodium‐glucose‐cotransporter‐2 inhibitor that improves cardiovascular risk and promotes weight loss in patients with type‐2 diabetes. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with obesity and increased cardiovascular risk; therefore, empagliflozin may be of benefit for these women. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of empagliflozin vs metformin on anthropometric and body composition, hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. Materials and methods: A randomized open‐label study was conducted in women with PCOS who were randomized to either empagliflozin 25 mg (n = 19) or metformin 1500 mg (n = 20) daily for 12 weeks. The main outcomes assessed were changes in anthropometric and body composition, hormonal and metabolic parameters. Results: Univariate analysis showed significant differences in weight (empagliflozin: −1.4 ± 3.2% vs metformin: 1.2 ± 2.3%; P = 0.006), body mass index (empagliflozin: −1.4 ± 3.2% vs metformin: 1.1 ± 2.2%; P = 0.006), waist circumference (empagliflozin: −1.6 ± 2.8% vs metformin: 0.2 ± 2.1%; P = 0.029) and hip circumference (empagliflozin: −2.0 ± 3.0% vs metformin: 1.1 ± 1.9%; P = 0.001), basal metabolic rate (empagliflozin: −1.8 ± 2.9% vs metformin: 0.1 ± 1.9%, P = 0.024) and fat mass (empagliflozin: −0.7 ± 4.9% vs metformin, 3.2 ± 5.0%; P = 0.023) between the empagliflozin and the metformin groups. These differences were confirmed in linear regression analysis after adjustment for relevant covariates. There were no significant changes in hormonal or metabolic parameters between both groups. Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in anthropometric parameters and body composition, in overweight and obese women with PCOS after 12 weeks of treatment with empagliflozin compared to metformin, although no changes were seen in hormonal or metabolic parameters.
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In the same randomized controlled trial, empagliflozin had a favourable effect on body weight and BMI compared with metformin.
“Only a favourable effect of empagliflozin on body weight (empagliflozin –1.4 kg ± 3.2% vs. metformin: 1.2 kg ± 2.3%; p = 0.006) and BMI (empagliflozin: −1.4 ± 3.2% vs. metformin: 1.1 ± 2.2%; p = 0.006) has been observed.”
From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [67]
In the same randomized controlled trial, no changes in hormonal profile were observed for both drugs.
“May be because of the short period of observation or the small sample size, no changes in metabolic parameters (insulin, fasting glucose, and HOMA‐IR) have been observed from the baseline, nor on hormonal profile for both drugs.”
From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [67]
In a randomized controlled trial comparing empagliflozin 25 mg daily vs. metformin 1500 mg daily in 40 patients with PCOS and BMI over 25 kg/m2 for 12 weeks, no changes in metabolic parameters (insulin, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR) from baseline were observed for both drugs.
“May be because of the short period of observation or the small sample size, no changes in metabolic parameters (insulin, fasting glucose, and HOMA‐IR) have been observed from the baseline, nor on hormonal profile for both drugs.”
From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [67]
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- Authors
- Javed, Z., Papageorgiou, M., Deshmukh, H., Rigby, A. S., Qamar, U., Abbas, J., Khan, A. Y., Kilpatrick, E. S., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Hull (GB)
- Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PK)
- Sidra Medical and Research Center (QA)
- Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar (QA)
- Corresponding author
- Sathyapalan, Thozhukat
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-04-02
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 805-813
- ISSN
- 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2265
- OpenAlex
- W2922516009
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 11.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository@Hull (Worktribe) (University of Hull) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- University of Hull
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- empagliflozin, polycystic ovary syndrome, metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, body composition, weight loss, obesity, basal metabolic rate, fat mass, waist circumference, body mass index, insulin resistance, metabolic parameters, hormonal parameters, cardiovascular risk, women's health, drug comparison, anthropometry, SGLT1 inhibition, insulin sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anthropometry, Benzhydryl Compounds, Body Composition, Cardiovascular Diseases, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Glucosides, Hormones, Humans, Life Style, Metformin, Middle Aged, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
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