Cited by 62Folate and B Vitamins ResearchEpigenetics and DNA MethylationGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Linking genetics to epigenetics: The role of folate and folate‐related pathways in neurodevelopmental disorders

Lintas, C.·2019·Clinical Genetics

Abstract

There is growing evidence that epigenetic dysregulation plays a role in neurodevelopmental disorders. In humans, folate is one of the main donors of the methyl group required for the synthesis of S‐adenosylmethionine, which in turn is needed for DNA and histone methylation as key neurodevelopment processes. Folate deficiency during pregnancy has been correlated with neural tube defects and with a higher incidence of neurocognitive and/or neurobehavioral deficits. A similar outcome may be exerted by gene polymorphisms in folate or folate‐related pathways. This has been documented by numerous case/control association studies performed on neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this regard, the folate cycle represents a “perfect model” of how genetics influences epigenetics. Gene variants in folate and folate‐related pathways can be considered risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders and should therefore be assessed by genetic testing in pregnant women. High‐risk women should be considered for folate supplementation during pregnancy. Here, we review all published case/control association studies on gene polymorphisms in folate and folate‐related pathways performed on neurodevelopmental disorders, provide an overview of neurodevelopment and DNA methylation changes occurring at this time, and describe the biological basis of neurodevelopmental disorders and recent evidence of their epigenetic dysregulation.

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Crossref · 10.1111/cge.13421

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  • There is wide evidence that pre and periconceptional folate supplementation supports neural and neurobehavioral development, bolstering social, cognitive and verbal functioning.

    “There is wide evidence that pre and periconceptional folate supplementation supports neural and neurobehavioral development, bolstering social, cognitive and verbal functioning [235–237].”

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Authors
Lintas, C.
Affiliations
Università Campus Bio-Medico (IT)
Corresponding author
Lintas, C.
Venue
Clinical Genetics
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-09-03
Volume
95
Issue
2
Pages
241-252
ISSN
  • 0009-9163 (ISSN-L)
  • 1399-0004
OpenAlex
W2883210979
Cited by
62
References
100
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
FWCI
0.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinical Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
folic acid, epigenetics, neurodevelopmental disorders, DNA methylation, histone methylation, S-adenosylmethionine, folate cycle, genetic polymorphism, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, neural tube defects, folic acid supplementation, epigenetic dysregulation
MeSH terms
Animals, Diet, Folic Acid, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Genetic Variation, Biomarkers, DNA Methylation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Epigenesis, Genetic, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Neurogenesis, Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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