Cited by 197Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchCOVID-19 and Mental HealthLong-Term Effects of COVID-19

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in Spanish patients with Alzheimer’s disease during the COVID‐19 lockdown

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Lara, B., Carnes, A., Dakterzada, F., Benitez, I., Piñol‐Ripoll, G.·2020·European Journal of Neurology

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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The COVID-19 epidemic is affecting almost all individuals worldwide, and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnesic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are particularly at risk due to their characteristics and age. We analysed the impact of the pandemic on these patients' neuropsychiatric symptoms and their quality of life after 5 weeks of lockdown in Spain. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with a diagnosis of MCI (n = 20) or mild AD (n = 20) from the Cognitive Stimulation Program of the Cognitive Disorders Unit were evaluated. All patients had undergone a previous evaluation during the month before the lockdown, and were re-evaluated after 5 weeks of lockdown. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and EuroQol-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D) were used to assess neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients and the quality of life in patients as well in caregivers. RESULTS: The mean (SD) total baseline NPI score was 33.75 (22.28), compared with 39.05 (27.96) after confinement (P = 0.028). The most frequently affected neuropsychiatric symptoms were apathy [4.15 (3.78) vs. 5.75 (4.02); P = 0.002] and anxiety [3.95 (3.73) vs. 5.30 (4.01); P = 0.006] in patients with MCI, and apathy [2.35 (2.70) vs. 3.75 (3.78); P = 0.036], agitation [0.45 (1.14) vs. 1.50 (2.66); P = 0.029] and aberrant motor behaviour [1.25 (2.86) vs. 2.00 (2.93); P = 0.044] in patients with AD. We did not observe differences in EQ-5D scores during the re-evaluation. The 30% of patients and 40% of caregivers reported a worsening of the patients' health status during confinement. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show the worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with AD and MCI during 5 weeks of lockdown, with agitation, apathy and aberrant motor activity being the most affected symptoms.

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Campbell, J., Lavoie, L., Farraia, M., Huelin, R., Zhang, Q., & Monfared, A. A. T. (2024) · Neurology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40120-024-00676-9 · Cited by 30
Mental Health Status of Psychogeriatric Patients During the 2019 New Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and Effects on Caregiver Burden
Penteado, C. T., Loureiro, J. C., Pais, M. V., Carvalho, C. L., Sant’Ana, L. C. F. G., Valiengo, L. D. C. L., Stella, F., & Forlenza, O. V. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.578672 · Cited by 28
Depression, Anxiety and Sleep Alterations in Caregivers of Persons With Dementia After 1-Year of COVID-19 Pandemic
Bussè, C., Barnini, T., Zucca, M., Rainero, I., Mozzetta, S., Zangrossi, A., & Cagnin, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.826371 · Cited by 28
“Other studies in Italy (17, 19, 20) and Spain (12, 16) had similar results, all highlighting that lockdown led to warning psychological response in caregiver of patients with dementia during the first months of pandemic.”
Result
Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on behavioural and psychological symptoms in home-dwelling people with dementia: a prospective cohort study (PAN.DEM).
Gedde, M. H., Husebo, B. S., Vahia, I. V., Mannseth, J., Vislapuu, M., Naik, M., & Berge, L. I. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050628 · Cited by 26
Care for dementia patients and caregivers amid COVID-19 pandemic
Paplikar, A., Rajagopalan, J., & Alladi, S. (2022) · Cerebral Circulation - Cognition and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.cccb.2022.100040 · Cited by 24
“Worsening or new onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms [13–18] were found as an unintended consequence of pandemic induced measures, with agitation [14,16,18], depression [14,17], apathy [16, 18] and anxiety [14] most commonly reported in persons with dementia.”
Impact of COVID-19 on ‘Living Well’ with Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the Community: Findings from the IDEAL Cohort
Hillman, A. (2022) · Cronfa (Swansea University) · Cited by 23
Feasibility indicators of telemedicine for patients with dementia in a public hospital in Northeast Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic
Lima, D. P., Queiroz, I. B., Carneiro, A. H. S., Pereira, D. A. A., Castro, C. S., Júnior, A. B. V., Nogueira, C. B., Filho, J. M. C., Lôbo, R. R., Filho, J. D. S. R., et al. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0268647 · Cited by 22
“Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia can be triggered or exacerbated by several risk factors (social isolation; pharmacology adherence disruption; carers’ load; reduction of nonpharmacologic techniques; absence of medical assessment; change in house routine) [4,5].”
Background
The early impacts of COVID-19 on people living with dementia: part I of a mixed-methods systematic review
Giebel, C. M., Lion, K., Lorenz‐Dant, K., Gonzalez, A. S., Talbot, C. V., Wharton, E., Cannon, J., Tetlow, H., & Thyrian, J. R. (2022) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2022.2084509 · Cited by 22
“…data to compare against, enabling clear reports of increased neuropsychiatric behavioural problems, including agitation and apathy, in a large proportion of people with dementia (i.e. Azevedo et al., 2021; Borges-Machado et al., 2020; Lara et al., 2020; Panerai et al., 2016; Pongan et al., 2021).”
Influential
The Relationship between Mental Disorders and the COVID-19 Pandemic—Course, Risk Factors, and Potential Consequences
Markiewicz-Gospodarek, A., Górska, A., Markiewicz, R., Chilimoniuk, Z., Czeczelewski, M., Baj, J., Maciejewski, R., & Masiak, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159573 · Cited by 23
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease During SARS-COV-2 Pandemic in Peru
Custodio, N., Castro‐Suárez, S., Montesinos, R., Failoc‐Rojas, V. E., del Castillo, R. C., & Herrera‐Pérez, E. (2021) · American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® · doi:10.1177/15333175211039089 · Cited by 21
“It is striking that no other study has so far reported sleep disorder as a worsening of a pre-existing neuropsychiatric symptom.(25,30) In contrast, agitation–aggression has been reported as a frequent symptom, similar to aberrant motor behavior in patients with AD and frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms when evaluatin…”
The psychological impact on patients with memory disorders and their caregivers during COVID-19
Yuan, S., Zhang, W., Lü, W., Yu, W., Zhong, F., Xiong, L., Wan, T., Hu, C., Yang, W., Chen, C., et al. (2021) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-021-01911-1 · Cited by 20
“Although several reports have reported on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic confinement in patients with cognitive impairment in other countries, such as Spain [12, 13] and Italy [14–17], the psychological impact on patients with memory disorders and their caregivers during COVID-19 in China has not yet been reported.”
Background
Quality of life during the epidemic of COVID-19 and its associated factors among enterprise workers in East China
Chen, X., Qian, X., Lin, H., Zhu, J., Chen, Y., Zhao, Q., Fu, C., & Wang, N. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11414-3 · Cited by 20
Impact of COVID-19 on ‘Living Well’ with Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the Community: Findings from the IDEAL Cohort
Clare, L., Martyr, A., Gamble, L. D., Pentecost, C., Collins, R., Dawson, E., Hunt, A., Parker, S., Allan, L., Burns, A. S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-215095 · Cited by 20
“704 This reflected indications gathered in the early stages 705 of the pandemic [27, 28], and was observed despite 706 perceptions that healthcare needs were affected by the 707 pandemic and reports of developing new health prob708 lems.”
Background
What factors have influenced quality of life in people with dementia and their family carers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Daley, S., Akarsu, N., Armsby, E., Farina, N., Feeney, Y., Fine, B., Hughes, L., Pooley, J., Tabet, N., Towson, G., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053563 · Cited by 20
“Therefore, in this qualitative study, we have aimed to understand how COVID-19 has affected the QoL of people diagnosed with dementia and their family carers”
A cohort study of the impact of COVID‐19 on the quality of life of people newly diagnosed with dementia and their family carers
Hicks, B., Read, S., Hu, B., Wittenberg, R., Grahamslaw, A., Karim, A., Martin, E., Nuzum, E., Reichental, J., Russell, A., et al. (2022) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1002/trc2.12236 · Cited by 20
“One small Spanish study compared carer-reported neuropsychiatric symptoms of 20 people with mild Alzheimer’s Disease using data collected one month before lock-down and then reevaluating them after five weeks of lock-down.(24) The findings showed increases in apathy, agitation and aberrant motor behaviour for their pa…”
Background
A plea for equitable global access to COVID‐19 diagnostics, vaccination and therapy: The NeuroCOVID‐19 Task Force of the European Academy of Neurology
Sellner, J., Jenkins, T. M., von Oertzen, T. J., Bassetti, C. L., Beghi, E., Bereczki, D., Bodini, B., Cavallieri, F., Liberto, G. D., Helbok, R., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.14741 · Cited by 19
Mental Health of People with Dementia During COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned from the First Wave?
Borg, C., COVCARE Group, Rouch, I., Pongan, É., Getenet, J. C., Bachelet, R., Herrmann, M., Bohec, A.-L., Laurent, B., Rey, R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-210079 · Cited by 17
“Furthermore, while an increase in dementia symptoms severity has been associated with the lockdown [2, 3] caregivers received less professional support during this period.”
Impact of COVID‐19 on carers of people with dementia in the community: Findings from the British IDEAL cohort
Quinn, C., Gamble, L. D., Parker, S., Martyr, A., Collins, R., Victor, C. R., Dawson, E., Hunt, A., Pentecost, C., Allan, L. M., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.5708 · Cited by 18
The course of neuropsychiatric symptoms and psychotropic drug use in Dutch nursing home patients with dementia during the first wave of COVID‐19: A longitudinal cohort study
Sizoo, E. M., Thunnissen, J. A., van Loon, A. M., Brederveld, C. L., Timmer, H., Hendriks, S. A., & Smalbrugge, M. (2022) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.5693 · Cited by 18
Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study
Tsatali, M. S., Μoraitou, D., Poptsi, E., Sia, E., Agogiatou, C., Gialaouzidis, M., Tabakis, I.-M., Avdikou, K., Bakoglidou, E., Batsila, G., et al. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11091165 · Cited by 16
Cognitive and behavioral manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection: not specific or distinctive features?
on behalf of the “Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology” Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society, Stracciari, A., Bottini, G., Guarino, M., Magni, E., & Pantoni, L. (2021) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05231-0 · Cited by 20
Can healthy lifestyle reduce disease progression of Alzheimer’s during a global pandemic of COVID-19?
John, A. A., Ali, K., Marsh, H. D., & Reddy, P. H. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101406 · Cited by 18
“While quality of life showed no statistically significant worsening, patient anecdotes noted that they felt as if their health condition had worsened (Lara et al., 2020).”
Systematic Review on the Mental Health and Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 on Neurocognitive Disorders
Dellazizzo, L., Léveillé, N., Landry, C., & Dumais, A. (2021) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm11080746 · Cited by 16
“028) were also observed by another longitudinal study on MCI (n = 20) or mild AD (n = 20) [28].”
Recovery of dialysis patients with COVID-19: health outcomes 3 months after diagnosis in ERACODA
Hemmelder, M. H., Noordzij, M., Vart, P., Hilbrands, L. B., Jager, K. J., Abrahams, A. C., Arroyo, D., Battaglia, Y., Ekart, R., Mallamaci, F., et al. (2022) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfac008 · Cited by 17
“Notably, the COVID-19 pandemic has raised levels of anxiety and depression in the general population and in patients with various chronic conditions (18-21).”
Background
Minimal Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health and Wellbeing of People Living With Dementia: Analysis of Matched Longitudinal Data From the IDEAL Study
Sabatini, S., Bennett, H., Martyr, A., Collins, R., Gamble, L. D., Matthews, F. E., Pentecost, C., Dawson, E., Hunt, A., Parker, S., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.849808 · Cited by 15
“On the other hand, some studies found that the pandemic had minimal negative impact or no impact on these outcomes (7, 8, 12, 18).”
Background
The impact of COVID-19 on health-related quality of life: a systematic review and evidence-based recommendations
Feifei, X., & Brodszky, V. (2024) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-024-00204-8 · Cited by 18
“Regarding the reporting of survey results, most studies presented adequate basic data and addressed concerns about non-response bias, with fifteen studies reporting information about non-responders [12–14, 19, 22, 25, 27, 30, 31, 35, 38, 39, 43, 45, 46].”
Effect of COVID-19 home confinement on sleep monitorization and cardiac autonomic function in people with multiple sclerosis: A prospective cohort study✰,✰✰
Andreu‐Caravaca, L., Ramos‐Campo, D. J., Manonelles, P., Abellán‐Aynés, O., Chung, L. H., & Rubio‐Arias, J. Á. (2021) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113392 · Cited by 13
“But, in line with our results, other research did not observe changes in the quality of life after COVID-19 home confinement in populations with neurological disease, such as Alzheimer’s [71].”
Result
The Experiences of People with Dementia and Informal Carers Related to the Closure of Social and Medical Services in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Qualitative Study
Maćkowiak, M., Senczyszyn, A., Lion, K., Trypka, E., Małecka, M., Ciułkowicz, M., Mazurek, J., Świderska, R., Giebel, C. M., Gabbay, M., et al. (2021) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare9121677 · Cited by 12
“They observed most of those neuropsychiatric symptoms noted elsewhere [62,64,66,70] and attributed them to the imposed social isolation and closures of social services.”
Background
Prevalence of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients With Cognitive Decline Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Kuroda, Y., Sugimoto, T., Matsumoto, N., Uchida, K., Kishino, Y., Suemoto, C. K., & Sakurai, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.839683 · Cited by 11
“A study of 40 cognitively impaired patients assessed BPSD in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic using the NPI questionnaire: ∼30% of the patients reported the worsening of BPSD, and apathy was prominent (37).”
MethodResult
Padci pri starejših in vpliv pandemije covida-19
Simon, M. R., & Kralj, M. (2022) · ZRC SAZU, Založba ZRC eBooks · doi:10.3986/9789610506966_09 · Cited by 10
Effects of an art-based intervention in older adults with dementia: a randomized controlled trial
Zhuo, X., Yan, Y., Lin, R., Lin, S., Zheng, X., Shao, T., Zhang, H., Chen, L., & Li, H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-95051-5 · Cited by 11
“The prevention and control measures for COVID-19 aggravated BPSD of older adults with dementia 15,46 , and CrEAS-AC activities provided a platform for the older adults to stimulate cognition, express themselves, and avoid social isolation.”
COVID-19 and Dementia
Sharma, S. K. (2021) · Annals of Neurosciences · doi:10.1177/09727531211009420 · Cited by 12
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Chronic Neurological Disorders: Focus on Patients with Dementia
Irrera, N., Barbieri, M. A., Bagnato, G., Ioppolo, C., & Versace, A. G. (2022) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527321666220111124928 · Cited by 11
Stimuli changes and challenging behavior in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic
Knippenberg, I. A. H., Leontjevas, R., Nijsten, J. M. H., Bakker, C., Koopmans, R. T. C. M., & Gerritsen, D. L. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-02824-y · Cited by 11
Elucidating Post-COVID-19 manifestations in IndiaPreprint
Fatima, G., Bhatt, D., Idrees, J., Khalid, B., & Mahdi, F. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.07.06.21260115 · Cited by 11
Sense of Place Attitudes on Quality of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Iranian Residents in Hungary
Mousazadeh, H., Ghorbani, A., Azadi, H., Almani, F. A., Mosazadeh, H., Zhu, K., & Dávid, L. D. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15086608 · Cited by 11
COVID-19 in age-related neurodegenerative diseases: is there a role for vitamin D3 as a possible therapeutic strategy?
Viana, M. D. B., Rosário, B. D. A., de Nazaré, M. D. F. S., Estadella, D., Ribeiro, D. A., & Viana, G. S. D. B. (2020) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2020-0074 · Cited by 10
“Worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19/ Alzheimer’s patients was described also by two clinical reports (Boutoleau-Bretonnière et al. 2020; Lara et al. 2020).”
Background
‘ Four walls and a garden ’: Exploring the experiences of families affected by dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cousins, E., de Vries, K., & Dening, K. H. (2021) · Dementia · doi:10.1177/14713012211059021 · Cited by 10
“Early surveys from Spain (Lara et al., 2020), Italy (Canevelli et al.”
BackgroundResult
Impact of COVID‐19 on the quality of life of patients with neuromuscular disorders in the L ombardy area, I taly
Gagliardi, D., Costamagna, G., Abati, E., Mauri, E., Brusa, R., Scudeller, L., Andreoli, L., Citterio, G., Piccin, E., Magri, F., et al. (2021) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.27378 · Cited by 9
“For instance, among 40 patients with Alzheimer disease in Spain, 30% of them reported a worsening of their health status during a 5-wk lockdown period.(1) Also in low-risk areas, the COVID-19 pandemic affected physical activity and QoL during the first wave, as reported in a study on NMD patients in Sicily.”
Result
COVID-19 Infection: A Neuropsychiatric Perspective
Manolis, T. A., Apostolopoulos, E. J., Manolis, A. S., Melita, H., & Manolis, A. S. (2021) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20110277 · Cited by 11
Investigating the Usability of a Socially Assistive Robotic Cognitive Training Task with Augmented Sensory Feedback Modalities for Older Adults
Nault, E., Baillie, L., & Broz, F. (2022) · IEEE RO-MAN · doi:10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900825 · Cited by 10
“This increased isolation has resulted in a reported decline in function, cognition, and neuropsychiatric symptoms [7], [8], [9].”
Background
Alzheimer’s Disease and SARS-CoV-2: Pathophysiological Analysis and Social Context
Ortíz, G. G., Velázquez-Brizuela, I. E., Ortiz-Velázquez, G. E., Ocampo-Alfaro, M. J., Flores, J. S., Delgado-Lara, D. L. C., & Torres-Sánchez, E. D. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12101405 · Cited by 9
“In a study conducted on 40 patients diagnosed with AD and mild amnesic cognitive impairment during five weeks of COVID-19 confinement, significant increases in levels of agitation, apathy, and impaired motor activity were reported [62].”
BackgroundResult
Translational Modeling of Psychomotor Function in Normal and AD-Pathological Aging With Special Concerns on the Effects of Social Isolation
Castillo-Mariqueo, L., & Giménez‐Llort, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2021.648567 · Cited by 9
“Memory problems enhance their difficulties in understanding what is happening (Lara et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020).”
Background
How to support the quality of life of people living with cognitive disorders: a (k)new challenge in the post‐COVID‐19 world
Chen, Y. S., & Chen, C. (2020) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.14373 · Cited by 8
A Survey for Examining the Effects of COVID-19 and Infection Control Measures in Older Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia and Their Caregivers
Porcari, D. E., Palmer, K., Spalletta, G., Ciullo, V., & Banaj, N. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.599851 · Cited by 8
Risk Factors for Excess Deaths Among Older Adults Without Confirmed COVID-19 During Lockdown: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Chen, S., Jones, P. B., Underwood, B. R., Fernández-Egea, E., Qin, P., Lewis, J. R., & Cardinal, R. N. (2020) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.5610 · Cited by 7
Relationships between the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and regional brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment
Takahashi, T., Ota, M., Numata, Y., Kitabatake, A., Nemoto, K., Tamura, M., Ide, M., Matsuzaki, A., Kaneda, Y., & Arai, T. (2022) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2022.7 · Cited by 8
Association Between Dementia Development and COVID-19 among Individuals Who Tested Negative for COVID-19 in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Kim, N., Son, S., Kim, S., Lee, J., Ahn, Y. M., Yon, D. K., & Hahm, B. (2022) · American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® · doi:10.1177/15333175211072387 · Cited by 7
New Community and Sociohealth Challenges Arising from the Early Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
López, C., & Altuna, M. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13091410 · Cited by 6
“Not only the detriment of cognitive performance with respect to premorbid conditions and the possible diagnosis of a progressive, irreversible neurodegenerative disease such as AD is responsible for an increased risk of developing affective symptoms such as apathy, anhedonia, and/or anxiety [52].”
Background
Ciências da Saúde: Investigação e Prática
Pérez, G. J. G., & López, M. G. V. (2023) · Editora Artemis eBooks · doi:10.37572/edart_291123093 · Cited by 6
Impact of COVID-19 on the Health of the General and More Vulnerable Population and Its Determinants: Health Care and Social Survey–ESSOC, Study Protocol
Sánchez-Cantalejo, C., Rueda, M. D. M., Sáez, M., Enrique, I., Ferri‐García, R., la Fuente, M. D., Villegas, R., Castro-Martín, L., Barceló, M. A., Daponte, A., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18158120 · Cited by 6
“Furthermore, these studies revealed that throughout the con nement period the symptoms of some diseases, such as Alzheimer’s[29] or diabetes[30], were exacerbated.”
Background
Comparison of Dementia Patients Admission Rates and Dementia Characteristics Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Morkavuk, G., Demirkol, A., Berber, G. E., Demirhan, V., Sahin, E. S., Akyuz, P., & Leventoğlu, A. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.19934 · Cited by 6
“In a study in which 40 patients with mild AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who participated in a cognitive-stimulating program in Spain were evaluated, it was reported that the neuropsychiatric symptoms of the patients worsened after five weeks of quarantine [6].”
Background
Coronavirus Disease-2019 in Older People with Cognitive Impairment
Rolland, Y., Baziard, M., Mauléon, A. D., Dubus, E., Saidlitz, P., & Soto, M. E. (2022) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2022.03.002 · Cited by 7
“In contrast, the increase in mood disorders was found inconsistently, mainly in association with social isolation and the loss of family contacts at home or in the longterm care facilities.(27,28) Finally, psychotic disorders seemed to be the least impacted by the outbreak.”
Molecular Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pathogenicity on the Central Nervous System: Bridging Experimental Probes to Clinical Evidence and Therapeutic Interventions
Groppa, S. A., Ciolac, D., Duarte, C. L., Garcia, C., Gasnaș, D., Leahu, P., Efremova, D., Alexandru, G., Bălănuță, T., Mîrzac, D., et al. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/5584_2021_675 · Cited by 6
Experiences of family caregivers of persons living with dementia with and without a smart- clothes assisted home nursing program during the heightened COVID-19 alert
Sung, Y.-L., Huang, H., Lin, C.-C., Kröger, T., Hsu, W., Hsu, J.-L., Lin, Y., & Shyu, Y. L. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03379-8 · Cited by 6
“This care model allows family caregivers to have a better understanding of the recipient’s daily activities, including attempts to leave the home unsupervised, wandering, and getting up during the night, and feedback from a nurse researcher helped them design their caregiving tasks to target individual needs, enhance…”
Background

Authors: Lara, B., Carnes, A., Dakterzada, F., Benitez, I., & Piñol‐Ripoll, G.
Affiliations: Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria (ES)
Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova (ES)
Corresponding author: Piñol‐Ripoll, G.
ORCID: Lara, B.
Carnes, A.
Dakterzada, F.
Benitez, I.
Piñol‐Ripoll, G.
Venue: European Journal of Neurology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2020-06-24
Volume: 27
Issue: 9
Pages: 1744-1747
ISSN: 1351-5101 (ISSN-L)
1468-1331
DOI: 10.1111/ene.14339
PMC: PMC7283827
OpenAlex: W3026319603
Cited by: 197
References: 12
Citations by year: 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 21
FWCI: 30.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: European Journal of Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Repositori ObertUDL (University of Lleida) (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (FI_B100153, SLT008/18)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms, COVID-19 lockdown, quality of life, apathy, anxiety, agitation, caregiver burden, cognitive stimulation, Spain, EuroQol-5D, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, caregiver anxiety
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Agitation, Quality of Life, Quarantine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Spain, Apathy, Pandemics

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in Spanish patients with Alzheimer’s disease during the COVID‐19 lockdown

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