Topic search filters: a systematic scoping review
Open accessAbstract
Background: Searching for topics within large biomedical databases can be challenging, especially when topics are complex, diffuse, emerging or lack definitional clarity. Experimentally derived topic search filters offer a reliable solution to effective retrieval; however, their number and range of subject foci remain unknown. Objectives: This systematic scoping review aims to identify and describe available experimentally developed topic search filters. Methods: Reports on topic search filter development (1990‐) were sought using grey literature sources and 15 databases. Reports describing the conception and prospective development of a database‐specific topic search and including an objectively measured estimate of its performance (‘sensitivity’) were included. Results: Fifty‐four reports met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and thematically synthesised to describe the characteristics of 58 topic search filters. Discussion: Topic search filters are proliferating and cover a wide range of subjects. Filter reports, however, often lack clear definitions of concepts and topic scope to guide users. Without standardised terminology, filters are challenging to find. Information specialists may benefit from a centralised topic filter repository and appraisal checklists to facilitate quality assessment. Conclusion: Findings will help information specialists identify existing topic search filters and assist filter developers to build on current knowledge in the field.
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Most published search filters are validated and/or peer reviewed.
“This enables readers to assess the quality of the filter(s) used, as most published search filters are validated and/or peer reviewed [106, 107].”
From PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [107]
The Search filter performance section says filters are typically tested, and the Filter versions section says all filters included in the review were evaluated for retrieval performance. But the Types of studies section explicitly says validation was not an inclusion criterion, and the paper does not establish that most published search filters were externally validated or peer reviewed. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFilters are often objectively derived, tested, and validated, whereas most search strategies published as part of systematic review or other evidence synthesis are 'best guess,' relying on the expertise of the searcher and review team.
“Filters are often objectively derived, tested, and validated, whereas most search strategies published as part of systematic review or other evidence synthesis are ' best guess, ' relying on the expertise of the searcher and review team [107].”
From PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [107]
The Search filter performance section calls everyday database searching a ‘best guess’ activity and contrasts it with experimentally developed filters whose performance can be estimated. The paper does not establish that most search strategies published in systematic reviews or other evidence syntheses are best guesses, or specifically attribute them to the expertise of a searcher and review team. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Find Me the Evidence: Connecting the Practitioner With the Evidence on Bereavement Care
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Self-citationSwartz, B. L., Ratcliff, A., & Ivanitskaya, L. V. (2015) · Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders · doi:10.1044/cicsd_42_f_215 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Hayman, S., & Tieman, J. (2015) · Dementia · doi:10.1177/1471301215587819 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationPell, J. F. (2017) · Evidence Based Library and Information Practice · doi:10.18438/b8707k · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Literature search strategy for gamma camera emission tomography using coincidence imaging
Haslinghuis-Bajan, L. M. (2001) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s002590000478 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Development of a Systematic Review Search Filter to Identify Medication Adherence Studies
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- The InterTASC Information Specialists' Sub-Group Search Filter Resource. (2008). ISSG Search Filter Resource. J. M. Glanville, C. Lefebvre & K. Wright (Eds.), Available from https://sites.google.com/a/york.ac.uk/issg-search-filters-re source/home [last accessed 6 May 2018].
- Kirk, S., Damarell, R. A., Tieman, J. J., & Harvey, C. (2013, October). Contraception search filters: Connecting the sexual and reproductive health community to the evidence with one click. Poster session presented at the Australasian Sexual Health Conference, Darwin, Australia.
- Lefebvre, C., Manheimer, E., & Glanville, J. M. (2011). The Cochrane highly sensitive search strategies for identifying randomized trials in MEDLINE. In P. Higgins & S. Green (Eds.), Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions (Version 5.1.0). Available from: http://handb ook.cochrane.org/chapter_6/6_4_11_1_the_cochrane_highly_ sensitive_search_strategies_for.htm.
- Straus, S. E. (2011). Evidence-based medicine: How to practice and teach it, 4th ed.. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingstone/ Elsevier.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rethlefsen, M. L., Kirtley, S., Waffenschmidt, S., Ayala, A. P., Moher, D., Page, M. J., & Koffel, J. (2019) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/sfc38 · Cited by 3,696 · see citing works
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Rethlefsen, M. L., Kirtley, S., Waffenschmidt, S., Ayala, A. P., Moher, D., Page, M. J., Koffel, J. B., & PRISMA-S Group (2021) · Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA · doi:10.5195/jmla.2021.962 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
DeMars, M. M., & Perruso, C. (2022) · Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA · doi:10.5195/jmla.2022.1283 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Nylander, E. M., Ramstrand, N., Hjort, M., & Rusaw, D. F. (2021) · Prosthetics and Orthotics International · doi:10.1097/pxr.0000000000000019 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Abdelkader, W., Navarro, T., Parrish, R., Cotoi, C., Germini, F., Iorio, A., Haynes, R. B., & Lokker, C. (2021) · JMIR Medical Informatics · doi:10.2196/30401 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A typology of systematic reviews for synthesising evidence on health care
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Sutton, A., & Campbell, F. (2022) · Research Synthesis Methods · doi:10.1002/jrsm.1552 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Topic Modeling for Faster Literature Screening Using Transformer-Based Embeddings
Galli, C., Cusano, C., Meleti, M., Donos, N., & Calciolari, E. (2024) · Metrics · doi:10.3390/metrics1010002 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Morel, T., Nguyen‐Soenen, J., Thompson, W., & Fournier, J. (2022) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-022-01515-x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hirt, J., Nordhausen, T., Eppel‐Meichlinger, J., Braun, V., Zeller, A., & Meyer, G. (2020) · Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA · doi:10.5195/jmla.2020.954 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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Self-citationSearch strategies (filters) to identify systematic reviews in MEDLINE and Embase
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How to Develop a Validated Geographic Search Filter: Five Key Steps
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Cheung, A., Popoff, E., & Szabo, S. M. (2022) · Health Information & Libraries Journal · doi:10.1111/hir.12471 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Landscape and opportunity of rural entrepreneurship: systematic literature review
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Bhutto, M. H., Dineva, D., Mero, J., & Karjaluoto, H. (2026) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.70180 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Gorring, H., Divall, P., Gardner, S., Gray, A., McLaren, A., Snell, L., Thackeray, E., Tocock, A., & Young, G. (2022) · Health Information & Libraries Journal · doi:10.1111/hir.12444 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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Escrivá, L., Hessel, E. V. S., Gustafsson, S., van Spronsen, R., Svanberg, M., & Beronius, A. (2020) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105828 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Stop searching and you will find it: Search-Resistant Concepts in systematic review searches
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Use of deprescribing search filters in systematic review search strategies: A case study
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Mechanical properties of the meninges: An expansive LLM-assisted systematic review
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- Authors
- Damarell, R. A., May, N., Hammond, S., Sladek, R. M., & Tieman, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Flinders University (AU)
- Flinders Medical Centre (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Damarell, Raechel A.
- Venue
- Health Information & Libraries Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-12-21
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4-40
- ISSN
- 1471-1834 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-1842
- OpenAlex
- W2906178244
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 0.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Health Information & Libraries Journal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Flinders Academic Commons (Flinders University) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Library and Information Association
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Information Retrieval and Search Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Keywords
- biomedical databases, database searching, search sensitivity, filter development, information retrieval, standardized terminology
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Information Services, Databases, Bibliographic, Information Storage and Retrieval, Search Engine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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