The direct and indirect financial costs of informal cancer care: A scoping review

Coumoundouros, Chelsea; Ould Brahim, Lydia; Lambert, Sylvie D.; McCusker, Jane

doi:10.1111/hsc.12808

Cited by 93Economic and Financial Impacts of CancerNursing care and researchCancer survivorship and care

The direct and indirect financial costs of informal cancer care: A scoping review

Coumoundouros, Chelsea, Ould Brahim, Lydia, Lambert, Sylvie D., McCusker, Jane·2019·Health & Social Care in the Community

DOI 10.1111/hsc.12808

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Abstract

Informal caregivers are the primary source of support for cancer patients, providing assistance with household tasks, medical care and emotional support. These responsibilities often result in high levels of emotional, physical, social and financial burden for the caregiver. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review exploring what is known regarding the financial costs experienced by caregivers and identify gaps in the literature. Seven databases were searched for articles published between May 2008 and May 2018 related to direct and indirect costs of informal cancer care. Included articles reported on the costs incurred by cancer caregivers as a dollar value, relied on caregiver-reported costs and were peer reviewed. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies reported out of pocket costs' opportunity costs of informal care time and caregiver time loss from paid employment. Care time was the largest source of cancer caregiver costs, averaging $4,809 per month when valued using the proxy good method or $2,877 per month when the opportunity cost approach was used. Caregiver costs were highest when the care recipient was in the palliative phase of the disease. There was an absence of literature reporting costs for cancer caregivers in low and middle income countries and none of the included studies considered costs related to the caregivers' medical expenditures. There were many challenges when comparing the costs across studies due to variations…

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One review of the costs of caregiver unpaid time devoted to cancer care reported an average of over $4,800 per month.
“One review of the costs of caregiver unpaid time devoted to cancer care reported an average of over $4,800 per month (Coumoundouros et al. 2019).”
From Psychosocial and Integrative Oncology: Interventions Across the Disease Trajectory. (2023) · cites this paper as Coumoundouros et al. 2019
Resources to address distress, anxiety, and depression in patients with cancer and family caregivers are often inadequate, perpetuating adverse effects of the disease and its treatments and increasing the estimated annual €199 billion global economic burden of cancer.
“However, resources to address distress, anxiety, and depression in patients with cancer and family caregivers are often inadequate, perpetuating adverse effects of the disease and its treatments 5 and increasing the estimated annual €199 billion global economic burden of cancer. 17 , 18”
From Nonpharmacologic interventions for managing distress, anxiety, and depression for patients with cancer and their family caregivers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [18]

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Essue, B. M., Iragorri, N., Fitzgerald, N. R., & de Oliveira, C. (2020) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5516 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The Dyadic Cancer Outcomes Framework: A general framework of the effects of cancer on patients and informal caregivers
Thompson, T., Ketcher, D., Gray, T. F., & Kent, E. E. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114357 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Psychosocial and Integrative Oncology: Interventions Across the Disease Trajectory.
Carlson, L. E. (2023) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-032620-031757 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“One review of the costs of caregiver unpaid time devoted to cancer care reported an average of over $4,800 per month (Coumoundouros et al. 2019). the PLWC themselves, as well as high levels of anxiety and reduced quality of life (Treanor et al. 2019).”
Background
The Impact of Cancer on Mental Health and the Importance of Supportive Services
Fereidouni, Z., Abnavi, S. D., Ghanbari, Z., Gashmard, R., Zarepour, F., Samani, N. K., Sharma, A. R., & Ghasemi, A. (2024) · Galen Medical Journal · doi:10.31661/gmj.v13i.3327 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Finally, integrated support services can help patients and their families cope with can - cer’s social and financial impact [58].”
Background
Balancing Work and Cancer Care: Challenges Faced by Employed Informal Caregivers
Xiang, E., Guzmán, P., Mims, M. P., & Badr, H. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14174146 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Valuing the Societal Impact of Medicines and Other Health Technologies: A User Guide to Current Best Practices
Shafrin, J. T., Kim, J., Cohen, J. T., Garrison, L. P., Goldman, D. P., Doshi, J. A., Krieger, J., Lakdawalla, D. N., Neumann, P. J., Phelps, C. E., et al. (2024) · Forum for Health Economics & Policy · doi:10.1515/fhep-2024-0014 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Emerging Understanding About the Impact of Financial Toxicity Related to Cancer: Canadian Perspectives
Fitch, M. I., & Longo, C. J. (2021) · Seminars in Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2021.151174 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Financial burden for caregivers of adolescents and young adults with cancer
Nightingale, C. L., Canzona, M. R., Danhauer, S. C., Reeve, B. B., Howard, D. S., Tucker‐Seeley, R. D., Golden, S. L., Little‐Greene, D., Roth, M. E., Victorson, D. E., et al. (2022) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5937 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Role of Family Caregivers in the Care of Older Adults with Cancer
Sun, V., Puts, M., Haase, K., Pilleron, S., Hannan, M., Sattar, S., & Strohschein, F. J. (2021) · Seminars in Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2021.151232 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Economic Value of Non-professional Care: A Europe-Wide Analysis
Peña-Longobardo, L. M., & Oliva, J. (2021) · International Journal of Health Policy and Management · doi:10.34172/ijhpm.2021.149 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“If I wasn’t in a rural area, I would definitely have more support”: social needs identified by rural cancer caregivers and hospital staff
Kent, E. E., Lee, S., Asad, S. S., Dobbins, E., Aimone, E. V., & Park, E. M. (2022) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2022.2129547 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The socioeconomic impact of cancer on patients and their relatives: Organisation of European Cancer Institutes task force consensus recommendations on conceptual framework, taxonomy, and research directions
Schlander, M., van Harten, W. H., Retèl, V. P., Pham, P. D., Vancoppenolle, J. M., Ubels, J., López, O. S., Quirland, C., Maza, F. R., Aas, E., et al. (2024) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00636-8 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The multifaceted impact of circadian disruption on cancer risk: a systematic review of insights and economic implications
Clemente‐Suárez, V. J., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Benítez-Agudelo, J. C., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belinchón-deMiguel, P., Ramos‐Campo, D. J., Villanueva-Tobaldo, C. V., Martín-Rodríguez, A., & Tornero-Aguilera, J. F. (2025) · Journal of the National Cancer Center · doi:10.1016/j.jncc.2025.04.005 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Impact of cancer on income, wealth and economic outcomes of adult cancer survivors: a scoping review
Bentley, C., Teckle, P., McQuarrie, L., Peacock, S. J., & Adam, S. E. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064714 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Occupational and Financial Setbacks in Caregivers of People with Colorectal Cancer: Considerations for Caregiver-Reported Outcomes
Howard, A. F., Lynch, K., Thorne, S. E., Porcino, A., Lambert, L. K., Vera, M. A. D., Wolff, A. C., Hedges, P., Beck, S. M., Torrejón, M.-J., et al. (2022) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol29110646 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Expanding the Catalog of Patient and Caregiver Out-of-Pocket Costs: A Systematic Literature Review
Schmidt, T. A., Juday, C., Patel, P., Karmarkar, T. D., Smith-Howell, E. R., & Fendrick, A. M. (2023) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2023.0238 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Financial Burden Associated with Medical Costs among Childhood Cancer Patients and Their Families Related to Their Socioeconomic Status: The Perspective of National Health Insurance Service
Chae, W., Kim, J., Park, S., Park, E., & Jang, S. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17176020 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Support‐seeking by cancer caregivers living in rural Australia
Johnston, E. A., Goodwin, B. C., Myers, L. S., March, S., Aitken, J. F., Chambers, S. K., & Dunn, J. C. (2022) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/1753-6405.13304 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Caregiver costs and financial burden in caregivers of African American cancer survivors
Hastert, T. A., Kyko, J. M., Ruterbusch, J. J., Robinson, J. R. M., Kamen, C. S., Beebe‐Dimmer, J., Nair, M., Thompson, H. S., & Schwartz, A. G. (2022) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-022-01271-3 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Across several studies included in a 2019 review, estimates of monthly costs ranged from $25 (including only logistic costs related to travel, meals, parking, and accommodations in Canada [29]) to $1223 (for costs including medications, formal, care, and logistic costs in Ireland [18]) in 2017 [17].”
An Evaluation of Interactive mHealth Applications for Adults Living with Cancer
Wasserman, S., Ould Brahim, L., Attiya, A., Belzile, E., & Lambert, S. D. (2023) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol30080518 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citation
Financial toxicity of informal caregivers of colorectal cancer patients: A cross-sectional study
Zhang, M., Wang, X., Shao, M., Li, T., Guo, S., Yang, Y., Yu, L., Ma, B., Li, D., Zhou, H., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102519 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
An analytical study of the factors affecting the health promoting lifestyle; comparison of type II diabetic patients with healthy people
Pourjam, R., Estebsari, F., Kandi, Z. R. K., Estebsri, K., & Mostafaei, D. (2019) · Journal of Renal Injury Prevention · doi:10.15171/jrip.2019.47 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Moreover, based on the results of statistical analysis, gender was an effective factor in the incidence and prevalence of type II diabetes, which was consistent with the results of Estebsari et al and Coumoundouros et al (21, 24).”
BackgroundResult
Financial navigation: Staff perspectives on patients’ financial burden of cancer care
Yeager, K. A., Zahnd, W. E., Eberth, J. M., Vanderpool, R. C., Rohweder, C. L., Teal, R., Vu, M. B., Stradtman, L. R., Frost, E. L., Trapl, E., et al. (2022) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-022-01175-2 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Additionally, the effect on the family and costs related to caregiving needs further exploration [19].”
Background
Healthcare costs of cancer among children, adolescents, and young adults: A scoping review
Nabukalu, D., Gordon, L. G., Lowe, J. B., & Merollini, K. M. D. (2024) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.6925 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“14 In the study by Cheng Brian & Wangmo, provision of specialist palliative care was associated with lower cost compared to regular end- of-life care.”
Background
Depression and Quality of Life Among Caregivers of Pediatric Cancer Patients
Alaqeel, M., Alkhathaami, F., Alshangiti, A., Alanazi, A., Alothri, M. A., Alqarni, A. T., Almahmoud, F. I., & Masuadi, E. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.24256 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Therefore, a cancer diagnosis not just affects the patient but also impacts the entire family physically, financially, and mentally [1-3].”
Background
Routines of isolation? A qualitative study of informal caregiving in the context of glioma in Australia
Kirby, E. R., van Toorn, G., & Lwin, Z. (2021) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.13571 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The Impact on Employment for Rural Cancer Patients and Their Caregivers Travelling to Major Cities for Treatment
Johnston, E. A., Craig, N., Stiller, A., Zajdlewicz, L., Aitken, J. F., Ireland, M. J., Dunn, J. C., Chambers, S. K., & Goodwin, B. C. (2023) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1155/2023/6728504 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The psychosocial impact of pancreatic cancer on caregivers: a scoping review
Anderson, T. J., Mitchell, G., Prue, G., McLaughlin, S. B., & Graham‐Wisener, L. (2025) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-025-13891-w · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“A previous review of the financial costs of cancer caregiving found the costs of caregiving (e.g. time spent providing care, medical appointments, household activities) averaged between $2,800 - $4,800 a month and were highest during the palliative phase [88].”
The monetary valuation of informal care to cancer decedents at end-of-life: Evidence from a national census survey
Urwin, S., van den Berg, B., Lau, Y., Rowland, C., Hanratty, B., & Grande, G. (2021) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216321989569 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Depressive-Symptom Trajectories From End-of-Life Caregiving Through the First 2 Bereavement Years for Family Caregivers of Advanced Cancer Patients
Wen, F., Chou, W., Hou, M., Su, P., Shen, W., Chen, J., Chang, W., & Tang, S. T. (2021) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.03.018 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Economic costs of family caregiving for persons with advanced stage cancer: a longitudinal cohort study
Houtven, C. H. V., Miller, K. E. M., James, H. J., Blunt, R., Zhang, W., Mariani, A. C., Rose, S., Alolod, G. P., Wilson-Genderson, M., Smith, V. A., et al. (2023) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-023-01462-6 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“In an international scoping review of 19 studies in Canada, the USA, and Europe, the mean estimated OOP cost was CA$447 per month for cancer caregivers (range: CA$25– CA$1223), depending on the type of out-of-pocket costs included (e.g., travel expenses, formal home support, medication) [18].”
Experiences of financial toxicity among caregivers of cancer patients: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies
Shi, Y., Gao, Y., Huai, Q., Du, Z., & Yang, L. (2024) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-024-08349-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“To provide adequate care for patients, caregivers often face employment disruptions, decreased income, and resort to measures such as selling assets or taking loans, which exacerbate their financial toxicity [7].”
Cost-Utility of the eHealth Application ‘Oncokompas’, Supporting Incurably Ill Cancer Patients to Self-Manage Their Cancer-Related Symptoms: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Schuit, A. S., Holtmaat, K., Coupé, V. M. H., Eerenstein, S. E. J., Zijlstra, J. M., Eeltink, C., Becker‐Commissaris, A., van Zuylen, L., Linde, M. E. V., van Oordt, C. W. M. D. H., et al. (2022) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol29090486 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Implementation of e-mental health interventions for informal caregivers of adults with chronic diseases: a protocol for a mixed-methods systematic review with a qualitative comparative analysis
Coumoundouros, C., von Essén, L., Sanderman, R., & Woodford, J. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035406 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Caring for a child with retinoblastoma: Experience of Ethiopian parents
Sherief, S. T., Girma, E., Wu, F., O’Banion, J., Wondimagegn, D., Teshome, T., & Dimaras, H. (2022) · Pediatric Blood & Cancer · doi:10.1002/pbc.30163 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The experience of being a caregiver of patients with digestive cancer, from patients and caregivers’ perception: A mixed study
Grivel, C., Nizet, P., MARTIN, M., Pécout, S., Lepeintre, A., Touchefeu, Y., Prot‐Labarthe, S., Evin, A., & Huon, J. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287335 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Their professional and financial lives are not spared either [5,7,8].”
Background
The cost of caring: How advanced cancer patients affect Caregiver's employment in Singapore
Su, J., & Malhotra, C. (2022) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5903 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Literature suggests that each informal caregiver in Europe and North America loses an average of USD$206 per month in income.(2) In Singapore, ageing population and the high burden of cancer(4) make reducing the cost of cancer caregiving a paramount task.”
Background
Cost of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in India: a scoping review protocol
Barathe, P. C., Haridas, H. T., Soni, P., Kudiya, K. K., Krishnan, J. B., Dhyani, V. S., Rajendran, A., Sirur, A. J. N., & Pundir, P. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057008 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“It’s part of our life now”: a qualitative exploration of the social eating experiences of family members of patients living with head and neck cancer
Dornan, M., Semple, C. J., & Moorhead, A. (2022) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-022-07427-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Economic hardship among principal family caregivers of cancer patients at Khartoum oncology hospital 2020: a cross-sectional study
Elgadi, A. T., Hisham, A., Ahmed, H. A., Hajomer, H. A. E., Shaaban, K. M. A., Dafaalla, O., Elkhidir, O. A., Alrawa, S. S. K., Mahmoud, T. A., & Wadidi, W. (2022) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-022-08918-y · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“In the USA, it is estimated that caregiving accounts for 18–33% of total cancer costs, mostly due to hours spent in providing care [8].”
Background
An Integrative Review of the Support Needs of Informal Caregivers of Hematological Cancer Patients in the Period Immediately Following Discharge From Inpatient to Outpatient Care
Brunt, L. J., Rivalland, A., Panek‐Hudson, Y., & Krishnasamy, M. (2023) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000001292 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Wage losses among spouses of women with nonmetastatic breast cancer
Humphries, B., Lauzier, S., Drolet, M., Coyle, D., Mâsse, B. R., Provencher, L., Robidoux, A., & Maunsell, E. (2019) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.32638 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“In our view, all these differences make it difficult to directly compare these results with ours.(10) Furthermore, an important new contribution of our study is that, in contrast to previous studies, we also evaluated the components driving wage losses, including the duration of work absence and the various types of T…”
Result
A sequential explanatory study of the employment experiences of population-based breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer survivors
Jaffe, S. A., Guest, D. D., Sussman, A. L., Wiggins, C. L., Anderson, J., & McDougall, J. A. (2021) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-021-01467-5 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Disparities in Caregiver Burden Among Families of Older Patients With Cancer
Ju, W., Jiang, H., Ma, S., Han, B., Zhang, S., Cong, M., & Wei, W. (2025) · JAMA Health Forum · doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2025.5614 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Associations among navigational support and health care utilization and costs in patients with advanced cancer: An analysis based on administrative health insurance data
Schindel, D., Gebert, P., Frick, J., Letsch, A., Grittner, U., & Schenk, L. (2023) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.5574 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Modifiable factors of depressive-symptom trajectories from caregiving through bereavement
Wen, F., Chou, W., Su, P., Hou, M., Shen, W., Hsu, M. H., & Tang, S. T. (2022) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-022-01045-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“substantial additional costs for healthcare services [1, 2].”
Background
How Does Home-Based Palliative Care Impact Informal Carers? A Scoping Review
Challis, L., Ellershaw, J., Hughes, D., & Mason, S. (2025) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2025.07.029 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The effect of hepatitis C—associated premature deaths on labour productivity losses in Spain: a ten-year analysis
Peña-Longobardo, L. M., Oliva, J., & Fernández‐Rodríguez, C. (2022) · The European Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1007/s10198-022-01540-z · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A study protocol for a multicenter randomized pilot trial of a dyadic, tailored, web-based, psychosocial, and physical activity self-management program (TEMPO) for men with prostate cancer and their caregivers
Lambert, S., Duncan, L. R., Ellis, J., Robinson, J. W., Sears, C. S., Culos-Reed, N. S., Matthew, A., de Raad, M., Schaffler, J. L., Mina, D. S., et al. (2021) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-021-00791-6 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Informal caregivers (most often patients’ partners) help to alleviate the demands on the healthcare system [4], and contribute positively to patients’ illness adjustment [2, 3].”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
A national profile of health-focused caregiving activities prior to a new cancer diagnosis
Liu, B., Kent, E. E., Dionne-Odom, J. N., Alpert, N., & Ornstein, K. A. (2021) · Journal of Geriatric Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.jgo.2021.11.010 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Exploring Tephrosin: A review of its potential in cancer therapy and multifaceted anticancer mechanisms
Anwer, M. S., & El-Sayed, W. M. (2024) · South African Journal of Botany · doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.014 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Comprehensive care needs among informal cancer caregivers of patients with advanced cancer in palliative care: a cross-sectional study
Weeratunga, E. B., Goonewardena, S., & Meegoda, L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-26469-0 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Caregivers’ Absenteeism and Its Association With Health Shocks and Functional Impairment Among Persons With Severe Dementia
Malhotra, C., Huynh, V. A., Østbye, T., & Malhotra, R. (2023) · Journal of Aging & Social Policy · doi:10.1080/08959420.2023.2196232 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“A scoping review of studies of informal caregivers of patients with cancer reported caregivers’ absenteeism cost to range from S$32 to S$1132 (~$23 to $835) per month, with a mean of S$279 (SD S$323) (~$206 [SD $238]) (Coumoundouros et al., 2019).”
Background
Preparedness of Caregivers of Cancer Patients to Provide Care
Yakar, H. K. (2020) · Turkish Journal of Oncology · doi:10.5505/tjo.2020.2342 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Factors effecting quality of life for family caregivers of cancer patients in Kenya
Mwangi, S. M., Onsongo, L. N., & Ogutu, J. O. (2022) · Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal · doi:10.5737/23688076324542 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Development of a Mobile App to Support Head and Neck Cancer Caregiving: Mixed Methods Study
Sterba, K. R., Graboyes, E. M., Burris, J. L., Scallion, M. L., Kinder, H., Olsen, J., Toll, B. A., Armeson, K. E., Day, T. A., Chera, B. S., et al. (2025) · JMIR Cancer · doi:10.2196/66471 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Effect of family-centered empowerment program on quality of life and caregiving burden in family caregivers of patients with hematologic malignancies: A quasi-experimental study
Rashidi, F., Abbasi, M. F., Shabeeb, H. H., & Ahmadi, N. (2025) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2025.102996 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Clinical Pharmacists in Chronic Care [Part 2]
Mohiuddin, A. K. (2020) · Archives in Biomedical Engineering & Biotechnology · doi:10.33552/abeb.2020.03.000566 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Associations Between Surrogates’ Decisional Regret Trajectories and Bereavement Outcomes
Wen, F., Hsieh, C., Shen, W., Hou, M., Su, P., Chou, W., Chen, J., Chang, W., & Tang, S. T. (2023) · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network · doi:10.6004/jnccn.2023.7053 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Dietary Quality and Intake of Cancer Caregivers: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies and Recommendations for Future Research
Ayre, S. K., Collins, K. E., Bourdaniotis, X. E., Rose, G. L., Boardman, G., Depaune, C., Goodwin, B. C., & Johnston, E. A. (2025) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.70668 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Protocol for a systematic review of the financial burden experienced by people affected by head and neck cancer
McCaffrey, N., & Engel, L. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055213 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Relational, community‐based and practical: Support systems used by Canadian spousal caregivers living seasonally in the United States
Pickering, J., Crooks, V. A., Snyder, J., & Milner, T. (2022) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.13781 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The relationship of out-of-pocket expenses to quality of life and disease coping in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
ÖZYER, Y., & Koç, Z. (2025) · Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira · doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20241349 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The hidden economic burden of cancer caring
Gao, L., Mudiyanselage, S. B., Ugalde, A., Watts, J. J., Jongebloed, H., Thomas, S., Das, N., Lyall, A., Winter, N., Cowdery, S. P., et al. (2025) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.35970 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“10,11 14 An Australian study focusing on the care of people with hematological cancer, highlighted that 50% of the cost relates to medications/treatments, housework, accommodation, travel, and parking for medical appointments; the remaining 50% does not incur any out - of - pocket cost but reflects…”
Temporal trends in social security benefits for female breast cancer in Brazil
Girardi, F. A., Nogueira, M. C., Bustamante-Teixeira, M. T., & Guerra, M. R. (2022) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/1413-812320222710.08602022en · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Temporal trends in social security benefits for female breast cancer in Brazil
Girardi, F. A., Nogueira, M. C., Bustamante-Teixeira, M. T., & Guerra, M. R. (2022) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/1413-812320222710.08602022 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Chronic illness and financial burden in Switzerland (FINK): a protocol for a mixed methods research project
Ribi, K., Schöpf-Lazzarino, A. C., Visscher, R. M. S., Jurisic, J., Alder, E., & Schwind, B. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089743 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Facteurs influençant la qualité de vie des proches aidants de patients kényans atteints de cancer
Mwangi, S. M., Onsongo, L. N., & Ogutu, J. O. (2022) · Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal · doi:10.5737/23688076324550 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Out-of-pocket costs for patients diagnosed with high-grade glioma and their carers
Newton, J. C., Halkett, G. K. B., Wright, C. M., O’Connor, M., Nowak, A. K., & Moorin, R. E. (2024) · Neuro-Oncology Practice · doi:10.1093/nop/npae107 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Cancer Prevention and Cure (Part 1)
Mohiuddin, A. K. (2019) · Journal of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology · doi:10.14302/issn.2641-7669.ject-19-3040 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Cancer Prevention and Cure [Part 1]
Mohiuddin, A. K. (2019) · Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics · doi:10.31579/2640-1053/058 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The experience of being a caregiver of patients with digestive cancer, from patients and caregivers perception: a mixed study.Preprint
Grivel, C., Nizet, P., MARTIN, M., Evin, A., Pécout, S., Lepeintre, A., Touchefeu, Y., Prot‐Labarthe, S., & Huon, J. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2037470/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Nonpharmacologic interventions for managing distress, anxiety, and depression for patients with cancer and their family caregivers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Schiess, L. C., Song, L. L., Schädelin, S., Fürst, T., Urech, C., Friese, C. R., & Katapodi, M. C. (2026) · CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/caac.70076
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Authors: Coumoundouros, C., Ould Brahim, L., Lambert, S. D., & McCusker, J.
Affiliations: McGill University (CA)
Ingram School of Nursing McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
St Mary's Hospital Centre (CA)
Corresponding author: Lambert, Sylvie D.
ORCID: Coumoundouros, Chelsea
Ould Brahim, Lydia
Lambert, Sylvie D.
McCusker, Jane
Venue: Health & Social Care in the Community
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2019-07-10
Volume: 27
Issue: 5
Pages: e622-e636
ISSN: 0966-0410 (ISSN-L)
1365-2524
DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12808
OpenAlex: W2960261940
Cited by: 92
References: 83
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4
FWCI: 3.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm)
Locations: Health & Social Care in the Community (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: McGill University
Topics: Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
Keywords: informal care, cancer caregivers, financial burden, out-of-pocket costs, opportunity cost, palliative care, caregiver support policy, low- and middle-income countries
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Health Expenditures, Patient Care, Humans, Neoplasms, Caregivers, Cost of Illness

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The direct and indirect financial costs of informal cancer care: A scoping review

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