Cited by 238Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesBehavioral Health and InterventionsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Challenging implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions in young heavy drinkers

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Wiers, Reinout W., Van De Luitgaarden, Jade, Van Den Wildenberg, Esther, Smulders, Fren T. Y.·2005·Addiction

DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01064.x

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Abstract

AIMS: To test whether an expectancy challenge (EC) changes implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions and binge drinking in young heavy drinkers. This is important for theoretical and practical reasons: the EC presents a critical test for the hypothesized mediational role of alcohol cognitions and the EC has been presented as a promising intervention to counter alcohol problems in heavy drinking youth. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: Ninety-two heavy drinking college and university students (half women) were assigned randomly to the EC or control condition (a sham alcohol experiment in the same bar-laboratory). MEASUREMENTS: Explicit alcohol cognitions and alcohol use were assessed with paper-and-pencil measures. Alcohol use was assessed prior to the experiment and during a 1-month follow-up. Implicit alcohol-related cognitions were assessed with two versions of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), adapted to assess implicit valence and arousal associations with alcohol. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: The EC resulted in decreased explicit positive arousal expectancies in men and women alike. There was some evidence for a differential reduction in implicit arousal associations, but findings depended on the version of the IAT and on the scoring-algorithm used. In men (but not in women) there was a short-lived differential reduction in prospective alcohol use (significant in week 3 of the follow-up), and this reduction was partially mediated by the decrease in explicit positive arousal expectancies. These findings suggest that an EC successfully changes explicit alcohol cognitions and that this may have short-lived beneficial effects in heavy drinking young men.

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Authors: Wiers, R. W., Van De Luitgaarden, J., Van Den Wildenberg, E., & Smulders, F. T. Y.
Affiliations: Maastricht University (NL)
ORCID: Wiers, Reinout W.
Smulders, Fren T. Y.
Venue: Addiction
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-05-20
Volume: 100
Issue: 6
Pages: 806-819
ISSN: 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
1360-0443
DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01064.x
OpenAlex: W2077356105
Cited by: 238
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 12.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Addiction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Publications (Maastricht University) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: alcohol-related cognitions, binge drinking, university students, Implicit Association Test, alcohol consumption reduction, mediation, sex differences
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Association, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Students

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Challenging implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions in young heavy drinkers

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