Effects of Independent and Substance-Induced Major Depressive Disorder on Remission and Relapse of Alcohol, Cocaine and Heroin Dependence
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AIMS: Little is known about the differential effects of independent and substance-induced major depression on the longitudinal course of alcohol, cocaine and heroin disorders when studied prospectively. DESIGN: Consecutively admitted in-patients, evaluated at baseline, 6-, 12- and 18-month follow-ups. SETTING: Baseline evaluations in a short-stay in-patient urban community psychiatric hospital unit. PARTICIPANTS: Adults (n = 250) with current DSM-IV cocaine, heroin and/or alcohol dependence at baseline. MEASUREMENTS: The Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM), used to evaluate independent and substance-induced major depression, alcohol, cocaine and heroin dependence, and other psychiatric disorders. Outcomes for each substance: (i) time (weeks) from hospital discharge to first use; (ii) time from discharge to onset of sustained (≥26 weeks) remission from dependence; (iii) time from onset of sustained remission to relapse. FINDINGS: Substance-induced major depression significantly predicted post-discharge use of alcohol, cocaine and heroin (hazard ratios 4.7, 5.3 and 6.5, respectively). Among patients achieving stable remissions from dependence, independent major depression predicted relapse to alcohol and cocaine dependence (hazard ratios 2.3 and 2.7, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Substance-induced and independent major depressions were both related to post-discharge use of alcohol, cocaine and heroin. The findings suggest the importance of clinical attention to both types of depression in substance abusing patients.
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Untreated MDD among individuals with AUD can have profound consequences.
“Left untreated, MDD among individuals with AUD can have profound consequences [65].”
From Navigating the Complex Intersection of Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders: A Comprehensive Review (2024) · cites this paper as [65]
The Discussion reports that MDD increased relapse risk among patients with alcohol dependence, supporting the claim that it can have serious consequences. But the study did not establish those consequences specifically for untreated MDD: it controlled for treatment and did not analyze depression-treatment status in detail. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Alcohol use disorder and depressive disorders
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“Left untreated, MDD among individuals with AUD can have profound consequences [65].”
BackgroundShuai, R., Bakou, A. E., Hardy, L., & Hogarth, L. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106141 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
- Authors
- Samet, S., Fenton, M. C., Nunes, E., Greenstein, E., Aharonovich, E., & Hasin, D.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hasin, Deborah
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-10-05
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 115-123
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- PMC
- PMC3767419
- OpenAlex
- W1889138213
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 3.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01da008409-05)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K05AA014223)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K24DA022412, R01 DA 08409, K23 DA16743, K23DA016743, R01DA018652)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- alcoholism, cocaine dependence, heroin addiction, remission, relapse, psychiatric comorbidity, inpatient psychiatric hospitalization
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcoholism, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Heroin Dependence, Humans, Male, Patient Discharge, Prospective Studies, Recurrence, Time Factors, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Kaplan-Meier Estimate
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