Active sugar transport in health and disease
Abstract
Abstract.: Secondary active glucose transport occurs by at least four members of the SLC5 gene family. This review considers the structure and function of two premier members, SGLT1 and SGLT2, and their role in intestinal glucose absorption and renal glucose reabsorption. Genetics disorders of SGLTs include Glucose‐Galactose Malabsorption, and Familial Renal Glucosuria. SGLT1 plays a central role in Oral Rehydration Therapy used so effectively to treat secretory diarrhoea such as cholera. Increasing attention is being focused on SGLTs as drug targets for the therapy of diabetes.
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Several Na-dependent nutrient co-transporters including SGLT1 depend on the pump activity of the Na-K-ATPase at the basolateral membrane to maintain low levels of intracellular Na and provide a favorable electrochemical gradient necessary for their functioning.
“In addition, several Na-dependent nutrient co-transporters including SGLT1 depend on the pump activity of the Na-K-ATPase at the basolateral membrane to maintain low levels of intracellular Na in order to provide a favorable electrochemical gradient necessary for their functioning [53,54].”
From Regulation of Enterocyte Brush Border Membrane Primary Na-Absorptive Transporters in Human Intestinal Organoid-Derived Monolayers (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
SGLT2 is mainly found in the proximal tubule and handles 80%-90% of renal glucose reabsorption, while SGLT1 takes up the remaining 10%-20%.
“SGLT1 is predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract, while SGLT2 is primarily expressed in the proximal tubule and accounts for 80%-90% of glucose reabsorption with the remaining 10%-20% reabsorbed by SGLT1 (Wright et al., 2007).”
From A kidney perspective on the mechanism of action of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (2021) · cites this paper as Wright et al., 2007
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“In addition, several Na-dependent nutrient co-transporters including SGLT1 depend on the pump activity of the Na-K-ATPase at the basolateral membrane to maintain low levels of intracellular Na in order to provide a favorable electrochemical gradient necessary for their functioning [53,54].”
Background
- Authors
- Wright, E. M., Hirayama, B. A., & Loo, D. F.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wright, E. M.
- Hirayama, B. A.
- ORCID
- Wright, E. M.
- Venue
- Journal of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 261
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32-43
- ISSN
- 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2796
- OpenAlex
- W2170276146
- Cited by
- 627
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- SGLT1, SGLT2, intestinal glucose absorption, renal glucose reabsorption, glucose-galactose malabsorption, oral rehydration therapy, secretory diarrhea
- MeSH terms
- Biological Transport, Active, Cell Membrane, Glucose, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Kidney, Malabsorption Syndromes, Protein Conformation, Structure-Activity Relationship, Enterocytes, Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins
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