Galaxy halo masses and satellite fractions from galaxy-galaxy lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: stellar mass, luminosity, morphology and environment dependencies
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The relationship between galaxies and dark matter (DM) can be characterized by the halo mass of the central galaxy and the fraction of galaxies that are satellites. Here, we present observational constraints from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey on these quantities as a function of r-band luminosity and stellar mass using galaxy–galaxy weak lensing, with a total of 351 507 lenses. We use stellar masses derived from spectroscopy and virial halo masses derived from weak gravitational lensing to determine the efficiency with which baryons in the halo of the central galaxy have been converted into stars. We find that an L* galaxy with a stellar mass of 6 × 1010 M⊙ is hosted by a halo with mass of 1.4 × 1012h−1 M⊙, independent of morphology, yielding baryon conversion efficiencies of 17+10−5 per cent (early-types) and 16+15−6 per cent (late-types) at the 95 per cent confidence level (statistical, not including systematic uncertainty due to assumption of a universal initial mass function). We find that for a given stellar mass, the halo mass is independent of morphology below Mstellar= 1011 M⊙, in contrast to typically a factor of 2 difference in halo mass between ellipticals and spirals at a fixed luminosity. This suggests that stellar mass is a good proxy for halo mass in this range and should be used preferentially whenever a halo mass selected sample is needed. For higher stellar masses, the conversion efficiency is a declining function of stellar mass, and the differences in halo mass between early- and late-types become larger, reflecting the fact that most group and cluster haloes with masses above 1013 M⊙ host ellipticals at the centre, while even the brightest central spirals are hosted by haloes of mass below 1013 M⊙. We find that the fraction of spirals that are satellites is roughly 10–15 per cent independent of stellar mass or luminosity, while for ellipticals this fraction decreases with stellar mass from 50 per cent at 1010 M⊙ to 10 per cent at 3 × 1011 M⊙ or 20 per cent at the maximum luminosity considered. We split the elliptical sample by local density, and find that at a given luminosity there is no difference in the signal on scales below 100 h−1 kpc between high- and low-density regions, suggesting that tidal stripping inside large haloes does not remove most of the DM from the early-type satellites. This result is dominated by haloes in the mass range 1013–1014h−1 M⊙, and is an average over all separations from the group or cluster centre.
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Tens of thousands of galaxy-galaxy lenses will provide statistics to probe dark matter halo profiles and substructure.
“Tens of thousands of galaxy -galaxy lenses will provide the needed statistics to probe dark matter halo pro fi les and substructure ( e.g., Mandelbaum et al. 2006; Vegetti et al. 2012 ) .”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Mandelbaum et al. 2006
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Fischer, P., McKay, T. A., Sheldon, E. S., Connolly, A. J., Stebbins, A. J., Frieman, J. A., Jain, B., Joffre, M., Johnston, D., Bernstein, G. M., et al. (2000) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/301540 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Self-citationShear calibration biases in weak lensing surveysPreprint
Hirata, C. M., & Seljak, U. (2003) · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Self-citationGuzik, J., & Seljak, U. (2002) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05591.x · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationHansen, S. M., McKay, T. A., Wechsler, R. H., et al. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/444554 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Modeling Galaxy‐Mass Correlations in Dissipationless Simulations
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Large-scale bias and stochasticity of haloes and dark matter
Seljak, U., & Warren, M. S. (2004) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08297.x · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citationSystematic errors in weak lensing: application to SDSS galaxy-galaxy weak lensing
Mandelbaum, R., Hirata, C. M., Seljak, U., Guzik, J., Padmanabhan, N., Blake, C., Blanton, M. R., Lupton, R., & Brinkmann, J. (2005) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationThe DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: Clustering of Galaxies in Early Data
Coil, A. L., Davis, M., Madgwick, D. S., Newman, J. A., Conselice, C. J., Cooper, M. C., Ellis, R. S., Faber, S. M., Finkbeiner, D. P., Guhathakurta, P., et al. (2004) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/421337 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Finding galaxy clusters using Voronoi tessellations
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Galaxies and subhaloes in ΛCDM galaxy clusters
Gao, L., Lucia, G. D., White, S. D. M., et al. (2004) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08098.x · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Hirata, C. M., Mandelbaum, R., Seljak, U., et al. (2004) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08090.x · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationSDSS galaxy bias from halo mass-bias relation and its cosmological implications
Seljak, U., Makarov, A., Mandelbaum, R., Hirata, C. M., Padmanabhan, N., McDonald, P., Blanton, M. R., Tegmark, M., Bahcall, N. A., & Brinkmann, J. (2005) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.043511 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationCooray, A. (2005) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09747.x · Cited by 165 · see citing works
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Virial Masses and the Baryon Fraction in Galaxies
Hoekstra, H., Hsieh, B. C., Yee, H. K. C., et al. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/496913 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Measuring Galaxy Environments with Deep Redshift Surveys
Cooper, M. C., Newman, J. A., Madgwick, D. S., et al. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/432868 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Galaxy mass distribution from gravitational light deflection
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Galaxy-galaxy lensing: dissipationless simulations versus the halo model
Mandelbaum, R., Tasitsiomi, A., Seljak, U., et al. (2005) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09417.x · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationGalaxy Clustering and Galaxy Bias in a ΛCDM Universe
Weinberg, D. H., Davé, R., Katz, N. S., & Hernquist, L. (2004) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/380481 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
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Lensing by galaxy haloes in clusters of galaxies
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The radial distribution of morphological types of galaxies in X-ray clusters
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Calibrating photometric redshifts of luminous red galaxies
Padmanabhan, N., Budavári, T., Schlegel, D. J., Bridges, T. J., Brinkmann, J., Cannon, R., Connolly, A. J., Croom, S. M., Csabai, I., Drinkwater, M. J., et al. (2005) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08915.x · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationAstronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems X
Harnden, F. R., Primini, F., & Payne, H. E. (2001) · ASPC · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Virial masses and the baryon fraction in galaxies
Hoekstra, H., Hsieh, B. C., Yee, H. K. C., et al. (2005) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Cooray, A. R. (2005) · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The abundance and radial distribution of satellite galaxies
van den Bosch, F. C., Yang, X., Mo, H. J., et al. (2005) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08407.x · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Hudson, M. J., Gwyn, S. D. J., Dahle, H., et al. (1998) · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Evidence for Tidal Stripping of Dark Matter Halos in Massive Cluster Lenses
Natarajan, P., Kneib, J., & Smail, I. R. (2002) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/345399 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
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Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging of Low Galactic Latitude Fields: Technical Summary and Data Release
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Self-citationWeak‐Lensing Determination of the Mass in Galaxy Halos
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Self-citationLensing by galaxies in CNOC2 fields
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The baryonic mass function of galaxies
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Environment and Galaxy Evolution at Intermediate Redshift in the CNOC2 Survey
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Baryons in Dark Matter HalosPreprint
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Mass and light in the supercluster of galaxies MS0302+17
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Mass and Light in the Supercluster of galaxies: Ms0302+17
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The baryonic mass function of galaxiesPreprint
Read, J. I., & Trentham, N. (2005) · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Yang, X. H., Mo, H. J., Kauffmann, G., et al. (2003) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06217.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationYang, X., Mo, H. J., Kauffmann, G., et al. (2002) · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Adelman-McCarthy J. K. et al., 2005, preprint (astroph/0507711)
- Cappellari M., et al., 2005, preprint (astro-ph/0505042) · arXiv
- Conroy C., Wechsler R. H., Kravtsov A. V., 2005, preprint (astro-ph/0512234) · arXiv
- Cooray A., 2005, preprint (astro-ph/0509033) · arXiv
- Davis M. et al., 2003, in Proceedings of the SPIE, 4834, 161
- Davis M., Gerke B. F., Newman J. A., 2004, preprint (astro-ph/0408344) · arXiv
- McKay T. A. et al., 2001, preprint (astro-ph/0108013) · arXiv
- Natarajan P., Kneib J.-P., Smail I., Ellis R., 2004, preprint (astro-ph/0411426) · arXiv
- Read J. I., Trentham N., 2005, preprint (astro-ph/0502517) Richards G. T. et al., 2002, AJ, 123, 2945 · arXiv
- Zheng Z. et al., 2004, ApJ, accepted (astro-ph/0408564) · arXiv
Cited by
Sorted by citations
LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
Ivezić, Ž., Kahn, S. M., Tyson, J. A., Abel, B., Acosta, E., Allsman, R., Alonso, D., AlSayyad, Y., Anderson, S. F., Andrew, J., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c · Cited by 4,357 · see citing works
Self-citationTHE AVERAGE STAR FORMATION HISTORIES OF GALAXIES IN DARK MATTER HALOS FROM <i>z</i> = 0-8
Behroozi, P. S., Wechsler, R. H., & Conroy, C. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/770/1/57 · Cited by 2,167 · see citing works
Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing
Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Alarcon, A., Aleksić, J., Allam, S., Allen, S., Amara, A., Annis, J., Asorey, J., Avila, S., et al. (2018) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.043526 · Cited by 1,213 · see citing works
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing
Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Alves, O., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., et al. (2022) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.105.023520 · Cited by 1,124 · see citing works
Cosmology with cosmic shear observations: a review
Kilbinger, M. (2015) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/78/8/086901 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Duffy, A. R., Schaye, J., Kay, S. T., Vecchia, C. D., Battye, R. A., & Booth, C. M. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16613.x · Cited by 186 · see citing works
DARK MATTER HALOS IN GALAXIES AND GLOBULAR CLUSTER POPULATIONS
Hudson, M. J., Harris, G. L., & Harris, W. E. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/787/1/l5 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Estimating the dark matter halo mass of our Milky Way using dynamical tracers
Wang, W., Han, J., Cooper, A. P., Cole, S., Frenk, C., & Lowing, B. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1647 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Tidal debris morphology and the orbits of satellite galaxies
Hendel, D., & Johnston, K. V. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2035 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Cosmological reconstruction from galaxy light: neural network based light-matter connection
Modi, C., Feng, Y., & Seljak, U. (2018) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2018/10/028 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationKado-Fong, E., Greene, J. E., Hendel, D., Price-Whelan, A. M., Greco, J. P., Goulding, A. D., Huang, S., Johnston, K. V., Komiyama, Y., Lee, C.-H., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aae0f0 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Empirical constraints on the formation of early-type galaxies
Moster, B. P., Naab, T., & White, S. D. M. (2019) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1910.09552 · Cited by 55
- Authors
- Mandelbaum, R., Seljak, U., Kauffmann, G., Hirata, C. M., & Brinkmann, J.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (IT)
- Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics (DE)
- Institute for Advanced Study (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mandelbaum, R.
- Venue
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-05-11
- Volume
- 368
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 715-731
- ISSN
- 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2966
- OpenAlex
- W2147981121
- Cited by
- 728
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 61
- FWCI
- 24.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (acceptedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Keywords
- galaxy-galaxy weak lensing, galaxy halo mass, satellite fraction, dark matter halos, stellar mass, baryon conversion efficiency, galaxy morphology, elliptical galaxies, spiral galaxies, local density, galaxy environment, galaxy clusters, galaxy groups, stellar mass-halo mass relation, galaxy luminosity, Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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